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memcached FTW!
Because performance does matter

       BarCamp Brighton 2 - March 16 2008
            Marco van Hylckama Vlieg
                 marco@i-marco.nl
          http://www.i-marco.nl/weblog/
memcached
• memcached is used by very large, high
  profile websites such as Livejournal,
  Wikipedia and Facebook
• General purpose, scalable caching solution
• Extremely fast
• Extremely easy to use
Universal
• memcached can be used with just about
  any programming language
• Runs on almost any box
• Multiple boxes can be deployed
• Can be used with PHP, Python, Perl, Java,
  C#, Ruby, ...
How does it work?

• Store anything that can be serialised
• Store with unique key
• Fetch back with this unique key
• Expire time can be set
Usage pattern
• Store items with key and expire time
• Request item :
 • found? return it!
 • not found? produce item and store in
    cache
• If needed, create own expiration
  mechanism
Limitations
• Can’t dump contents of the cache
• Cache is not persistent
• Not redundant
• No security
• Max 1MB - 42 bytes cached object size (can
  be increased at compile time)
What to cache?
• SQL resultsets
• Whole pages
• XSLT Transformation results
• Generated HTML fragments
• Images (thumbnails)
• Anything ‘expensive’
PHP and memcache
• memcached daemon
• PHP memcache PECL extension (not
  installed by default)
• procedural and OO interfaces available
running the daemon


• memcached -d -m 1024 -p 11211
Basic usage
// create Memcache object

$objMem = new Memcache;

// Store something

$objMem->set( $key, $value, $compress, $expire );

// Retrieve something

$retrievedItem = $objMem->get( $key );

// Manual expire / delete

$objMem->delete( $key, [$timeout] );
Memcache singleton
<?php
require_once(quot;constants.phpquot;);

class memSingleton extends Memcache {

     private function __construct() {}
     private function __clone() {}
     static private $objMem = NULL;

     public static function getMem() {
         if (self::$objMem == NULL) {
             self::$objMem = new Memcache;
             if(!@self::$objMem->connect(__MEMHOST, __MEMPORT)) {
                 throw new Exception('FAIL! ZOMG! Memcache server not available.');
             }
         }
     return self::$objMem;
     }
}
?>
SQL Caching function
function cachedSQL($sSQL, $nExpire) {
    try {
        if($aResultSet = memSingleton::getMem()->get(MD5($sSQL))) {
            echo '<p>CACHE HIT!</p>';
            return $aResultSet;
        }
    }
    catch(Exception $e) {}
        // manually retrieving uncached item
        try {
            $objResultSet = PDOSingleton::getInstance()->query($sSQL);
            // Store the resultset in the cache
            $aResultSet = Array();
            foreach($objResultSet as $row) {
                $aResultSet[] = $row;
            }
            if(!@memSingleton::getMem()->set(MD5($sSQL), $aResultSet, true, $nExpire)) {
                echo '<p><strong>CAUTION</strong>: CACHE IS DEAD! Serving uncached data.</p>';
                return $aResultSet;
            }
            echo '<p>CACHE MISS!</p>';
            return $aResultSet;
        }
        catch(PDOException $e) {
            die(quot;TEH DATABASE HAS FAIL. It cried: quot; . $e->getMessage());

        }
}
STOP!!!




 demo time
Resources

• http://www.danga.com/memcached/
• http://www.php.net/memcache
• http://www.i-marco.nl/weblog/

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Memcached FTW

  • 1. memcached FTW! Because performance does matter BarCamp Brighton 2 - March 16 2008 Marco van Hylckama Vlieg marco@i-marco.nl http://www.i-marco.nl/weblog/
  • 2. memcached • memcached is used by very large, high profile websites such as Livejournal, Wikipedia and Facebook • General purpose, scalable caching solution • Extremely fast • Extremely easy to use
  • 3. Universal • memcached can be used with just about any programming language • Runs on almost any box • Multiple boxes can be deployed • Can be used with PHP, Python, Perl, Java, C#, Ruby, ...
  • 4. How does it work? • Store anything that can be serialised • Store with unique key • Fetch back with this unique key • Expire time can be set
  • 5. Usage pattern • Store items with key and expire time • Request item : • found? return it! • not found? produce item and store in cache • If needed, create own expiration mechanism
  • 6. Limitations • Can’t dump contents of the cache • Cache is not persistent • Not redundant • No security • Max 1MB - 42 bytes cached object size (can be increased at compile time)
  • 7. What to cache? • SQL resultsets • Whole pages • XSLT Transformation results • Generated HTML fragments • Images (thumbnails) • Anything ‘expensive’
  • 8. PHP and memcache • memcached daemon • PHP memcache PECL extension (not installed by default) • procedural and OO interfaces available
  • 9. running the daemon • memcached -d -m 1024 -p 11211
  • 10. Basic usage // create Memcache object $objMem = new Memcache; // Store something $objMem->set( $key, $value, $compress, $expire ); // Retrieve something $retrievedItem = $objMem->get( $key ); // Manual expire / delete $objMem->delete( $key, [$timeout] );
  • 11. Memcache singleton <?php require_once(quot;constants.phpquot;); class memSingleton extends Memcache { private function __construct() {} private function __clone() {} static private $objMem = NULL; public static function getMem() { if (self::$objMem == NULL) { self::$objMem = new Memcache; if(!@self::$objMem->connect(__MEMHOST, __MEMPORT)) { throw new Exception('FAIL! ZOMG! Memcache server not available.'); } } return self::$objMem; } } ?>
  • 12. SQL Caching function function cachedSQL($sSQL, $nExpire) { try { if($aResultSet = memSingleton::getMem()->get(MD5($sSQL))) { echo '<p>CACHE HIT!</p>'; return $aResultSet; } } catch(Exception $e) {} // manually retrieving uncached item try { $objResultSet = PDOSingleton::getInstance()->query($sSQL); // Store the resultset in the cache $aResultSet = Array(); foreach($objResultSet as $row) { $aResultSet[] = $row; } if(!@memSingleton::getMem()->set(MD5($sSQL), $aResultSet, true, $nExpire)) { echo '<p><strong>CAUTION</strong>: CACHE IS DEAD! Serving uncached data.</p>'; return $aResultSet; } echo '<p>CACHE MISS!</p>'; return $aResultSet; } catch(PDOException $e) { die(quot;TEH DATABASE HAS FAIL. It cried: quot; . $e->getMessage()); } }