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Plasma technology development for direct photoelectric conversion of focused solar radiation  . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
S tate-of-the-art ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],radiator radiator Photo cell Photo cell mirror lens Sun
S tate-of-the-art ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES ,[object Object]
Background The PV effect in an illuminated gas medium can be conditionally divided on two stages: first, the  formation of the charged particles  (photoionization) and second,  the separation of these charges in space , or in other words an electromotive force (EMF) creation.   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],In   the most effective gallium-arsenide-based semiconductor   photoconverters, we have ratio  De/Di=20. We have in plasma  De/Di>110
The  First  E xperimental  O bservation N. A. Gorbunov and T. Stacewicz, “Photo EMF observed upon the resonance excitation of sodium vapors,” Tech. Phys. Lett., vol. 26, no. 8, pp. 654–655, 2000 . ,[object Object]
The intensified values of EMF result from high values of the electron temperatures achieved in the photoresonant plasma.   Gorbunov   N. A., Grochola A., Kruk P., Pietruczuk A., Stacewicz T. Studies of electron energy distribution in plasma produced by a resonant laser pulse. // Plasma Sources Sci and Techn.  2002, V.11, N4, P. 492-497. This fact was proved by Langmuir probe measurements of electron energy distribution function, where the T e  values above 1 eV (11000 K) were detected
CALCULATION OF THE CURRENT–VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CONVERTER  (1D) N.A. Gorbunov and G. Flamant. Analytical model of a plasma photoconverter. //Tech. Phys. 2004, V. 49, N11, P. 1491 – 1495.   n(x) short-circuit current o р en load ,[object Object],0 0
[object Object],1 -  i B / i A =9,  S A / S B  =1; 2-  i B / i A =4,  S A / S B  =9; 3-  i B / i A =9,  S A / S B  =9.
[object Object],[object Object],The balance equation for absorbed optical energy  H opt  for the photoplasma assumes the form T he supplied energy dissipates   through radiative processes ( H rad ), heat conduction of   neutral gas ( H heat ), and diffusion   electrically charged ( H el ) particles to the wall of the   device . O ptimization of plasma   photoelectric converters aims at obtaining conditions   for the maximal contribution of  H el . a degree   of ionization of the plasma  n 0 /N  ranging from 1 to 10%. It corresponds to the plasma temperatures T 0 =(0,3 – 0,45) eV T he required specific power of radiation   absorbed by the plasma   R=5 cm,   q=1 W/cm 3 H el >H heat
R adiation losses  of energy (H rad ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OPTICAL ENERGY ABSORPTION  (H opt ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Efficiency of plasma photoelectric converter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The photovoltaic effect   in nonhomogeneous  medium ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],In this device a constant density of alkali metal  vapors can be maintained over a closed cycle  comprising vaporization, condensation and  return of the condensate to the vaporization zone due to surface tension forces.   The additional asymmetry in this system arising from the presence of an interface between regions with different physical properties will be enhancing the efficiency of the plasma  photoconverter   Wick heater cooler cooler
Design of a plasma photoelectric converter: A -  anode;  B -  cathode;  C -  electric insulator;  D -  input window;  a nd  E , external cooling system .
CONCLUSION   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lister et al.: The physics of discharge lamps Rev. Mod. Phys., Vol. 76, No. 2, April 2004 All gas discharges for lighting include a number of complex phenomena, and numerical models have been developed for close to half a century to assist in the understanding of the relationships between the different physical processes. Broadly speaking, there are three main classification of numerical models used for lighting: thermal models, power-balance models, and models of the electrode region. In general, these were developed as stand-alone models, although there have been attempts to combine two or more of them into a single model.
Thank you very much for the attention

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Горбунов Н.А.

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  • 7. The intensified values of EMF result from high values of the electron temperatures achieved in the photoresonant plasma. Gorbunov N. A., Grochola A., Kruk P., Pietruczuk A., Stacewicz T. Studies of electron energy distribution in plasma produced by a resonant laser pulse. // Plasma Sources Sci and Techn. 2002, V.11, N4, P. 492-497. This fact was proved by Langmuir probe measurements of electron energy distribution function, where the T e values above 1 eV (11000 K) were detected
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  • 15. Design of a plasma photoelectric converter: A - anode; B - cathode; C - electric insulator; D - input window; a nd E , external cooling system .
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  • 17. Lister et al.: The physics of discharge lamps Rev. Mod. Phys., Vol. 76, No. 2, April 2004 All gas discharges for lighting include a number of complex phenomena, and numerical models have been developed for close to half a century to assist in the understanding of the relationships between the different physical processes. Broadly speaking, there are three main classification of numerical models used for lighting: thermal models, power-balance models, and models of the electrode region. In general, these were developed as stand-alone models, although there have been attempts to combine two or more of them into a single model.
  • 18. Thank you very much for the attention