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Broadcasting DRM and
  the anti-DRM clause in
Creative Commons Licenses

                 Tomoaki Watanabe
                  Creative Commons Japan;
        Global Center for Communications (GLOCOM),
               International University of Japan


          Creative Commons International Legal Day,
                      Sapporo, Japan
                       July 29, 2008
Problem: Two Domains Divided


 Digital TV programs are DRM'd
 CC'd works cannot be used with a DRM (anti-DRM clause)

 No CC'd video, music, photo, etc. could be used for
 digital TV programs.

 Can we introduce the "parallel distribution clause?"
Anti-DRM clause

"You may not impose any effective technological measures on
the Work that restrict the ability of a recipient of the Work from
You to exercise the rights granted to that recipient under the
terms of the License." (4.a. CC BY 3.0 US)
Japanese Situation (DRM)

Digital TV broadcasting currently is under a DRM.
Disputes among Copy Once vs Dubbing 10 standards.

Digital radio broadcasting is following the TV counterpart.

Digital transition to be completed by 2011.

Technologically possible to mark a work as unprotected.
Operationally nearly impossible to mark a segment as
unprotected.
Unthinkable to get permission from all the other involved
parties to mark the entire program/ episode as unprotected.
Japanese Situation (video sharing, etc.)

CC friendly
 5-site wide video competition was held for iSummit
 One site came up with a share-alike license of its own

Active & Innovative
 "Hatsune Miku" "vocaloid" gained popularity via Nico video
 18% views, 1.8% posts *1

Net - TV convergence under way
 Video site /competitions tied to TV program
 IPTV has been in the market - some connect to TV receiver
 Online video delivers some TVs and movies
 Digital TV stations broadcasts to mobile phone handsets
Japanese Situation (infrastructure)


Breeding ground for video
 Extensive optic fiber network to households (FTTH, 11mil+
HH) *2
 Price of bandwidth is the cheapest in the world *3

Advanced mobile handsets popular
 65% of handset shipped capable of receiving digital TV *4
 (but the handset market is saturated, may be at a turning
point)
Basic Options

- Stay. DRM is something we have to fight even in that
Japanese situation. No change necessary.

- Pilot Testing - Try a pararell distribution clause only for CCJP
licenses, and we will learn from it.

- Discuss - We now have a specific case. It is worth
considering the issue again for the whole of Creative
Commons.

- Change. It is time to introduce a pararell distribution clause.
Bibliography

*1 財団法人インターネット協会 (2008)  インターネット白書  2008  インプレス R&D.
*2 総務省 (2008) ブロードバンドサービスの契約数等(平成 19 年 12 月末) 
http://www.soumu.go.jp/s-news/2008/080318_4.html
*3 OECD (2007) OECD Broadband statistics. 4f. Average broadband monthly price per
advertised Mbit/s, USD PPP, October 2007.
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/22/45/39575011.xls
*4 ITmedia (2008)
携帯出荷は 4 カ月連続で前年同月比マイナス―― JEITA 5 月出荷台数 2008
http://plusd.itmedia.co.jp/mobile/articles/0807/09/news055.html
License
In order to provide slide set (and individual slides) under two
   licenses that users can choose from, here are license
   notices:

- This work is licensed under CC-BY-SA 3.0 Unported
- This work is licensed under CC-BY 3.0 Unported

Just to clarify, there is no copyright notice, no URI associated
   with the work. The original author is Tomoaki Watanabe,
   and the title of the work is “Broadcasting DRM and
   the anti-DRM clause in Creative Commons Licenses”

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20080729 tomoaki broadcasting_drm_and_creative_commons_licenses

  • 1. Broadcasting DRM and the anti-DRM clause in Creative Commons Licenses Tomoaki Watanabe Creative Commons Japan; Global Center for Communications (GLOCOM), International University of Japan Creative Commons International Legal Day, Sapporo, Japan July 29, 2008
  • 2. Problem: Two Domains Divided Digital TV programs are DRM'd CC'd works cannot be used with a DRM (anti-DRM clause) No CC'd video, music, photo, etc. could be used for digital TV programs. Can we introduce the "parallel distribution clause?"
  • 3. Anti-DRM clause "You may not impose any effective technological measures on the Work that restrict the ability of a recipient of the Work from You to exercise the rights granted to that recipient under the terms of the License." (4.a. CC BY 3.0 US)
  • 4. Japanese Situation (DRM) Digital TV broadcasting currently is under a DRM. Disputes among Copy Once vs Dubbing 10 standards. Digital radio broadcasting is following the TV counterpart. Digital transition to be completed by 2011. Technologically possible to mark a work as unprotected. Operationally nearly impossible to mark a segment as unprotected. Unthinkable to get permission from all the other involved parties to mark the entire program/ episode as unprotected.
  • 5. Japanese Situation (video sharing, etc.) CC friendly 5-site wide video competition was held for iSummit One site came up with a share-alike license of its own Active & Innovative "Hatsune Miku" "vocaloid" gained popularity via Nico video 18% views, 1.8% posts *1 Net - TV convergence under way Video site /competitions tied to TV program IPTV has been in the market - some connect to TV receiver Online video delivers some TVs and movies Digital TV stations broadcasts to mobile phone handsets
  • 6. Japanese Situation (infrastructure) Breeding ground for video Extensive optic fiber network to households (FTTH, 11mil+ HH) *2 Price of bandwidth is the cheapest in the world *3 Advanced mobile handsets popular 65% of handset shipped capable of receiving digital TV *4 (but the handset market is saturated, may be at a turning point)
  • 7. Basic Options - Stay. DRM is something we have to fight even in that Japanese situation. No change necessary. - Pilot Testing - Try a pararell distribution clause only for CCJP licenses, and we will learn from it. - Discuss - We now have a specific case. It is worth considering the issue again for the whole of Creative Commons. - Change. It is time to introduce a pararell distribution clause.
  • 8. Bibliography *1 財団法人インターネット協会 (2008)  インターネット白書  2008  インプレス R&D. *2 総務省 (2008) ブロードバンドサービスの契約数等(平成 19 年 12 月末)  http://www.soumu.go.jp/s-news/2008/080318_4.html *3 OECD (2007) OECD Broadband statistics. 4f. Average broadband monthly price per advertised Mbit/s, USD PPP, October 2007. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/22/45/39575011.xls *4 ITmedia (2008) 携帯出荷は 4 カ月連続で前年同月比マイナス―― JEITA 5 月出荷台数 2008 http://plusd.itmedia.co.jp/mobile/articles/0807/09/news055.html
  • 9. License In order to provide slide set (and individual slides) under two licenses that users can choose from, here are license notices: - This work is licensed under CC-BY-SA 3.0 Unported - This work is licensed under CC-BY 3.0 Unported Just to clarify, there is no copyright notice, no URI associated with the work. The original author is Tomoaki Watanabe, and the title of the work is “Broadcasting DRM and the anti-DRM clause in Creative Commons Licenses”