Disaster management

1. DISASTER MANAGEMENT
T R A C Y S H E N

2. IMPORTANCE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Cost of Disasters
1. The U.S. has sustained 203 weather and climate disasters since
1980
2. Each cost over $1Billion
2005 Hurricane Katrina - $45 Billion
2001 September 11 terrorist attack - $21 Billion
3. Total cost over $1.1 Trillion
(National Centers for Environmental Information)

3. IMPORTANCE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Forms of Disasters
1. Natural Disasters
Hurricane
Tornado
Tsunami
Earthquake
Flood
Draught
Wildfire
Agricultural Diseases and Pests
(http://restoreyoureconomy.org/disaster-overview/types-of-disasters/)

4. IMPORTANCE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Forms of Disasters
2. Emergency Diseases:
Ebola
H1N1
SARS
Plague
Medcom, (2006).

5. IMPORTANCE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Forms of Disasters
3. Man-made Disasters:
 Terrorist Attack
 Accidents
 Nuclear
 Radiological
 Biological
 Explosion
(Medcom, 2006).

6. DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Goals of Disaster Management
1. Reduce hazards
2. Prevent disasters
3. Prepare for emergencies
(https://www.gdrc.org/uem/disasters/1-dm_cycle.html)

7. DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Phases of Disaster
Management
1. Planning
2. Preparedness
3. Response
4. Recovery

8. NURSING ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Planning
• Disaster nursing can be defined as “the adaptation of professional nursing
knowledge, skills and attitude in difficult environments and meeting the
nursing, health and emotional needs of disaster victims.” (Nies, &
McEwen,2015).
• The overall goal of disaster nursing is to plan and provide professional
supplies, equipment, physical facilities and utilities are limited or not
available, where perform the community involved in the disaster and the best
possible level of health for the people. (Nies, & McEwen,2015)

9. NURSING ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
2. Preparedness
 To facilitate preparation with community
 To provide updated record of vulnerable populations within community
 Nurse leads a preparedness effort
 Nurse play multi roles in community
 Nurse should have understanding of community resources
 Disaster nurse must be involved in community organization

10. NURSING ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
3. Response
 Involve in community assessment working as a member of assessment team, case
finding and referring
 Begin plan of prevention, health education and surveillance.
 Immediate plans for triage
(Nies, & McEwen,2015)

11. NURSING ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
4. Recovery
 Successful Recovery Preparation
 Health teaching
 Psychological support
 Referrals to hospital as needed
 Remain alert for environmental health

12. EVALUATION OF FAIRFAX COUNTY'S PLAN FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
1. Provisions for Preparedness and Disaster Management – the
county OEM website published plan documents for each phase of
disaster management
2017 Northern Virginia Hazard Mitigation Plan
Pre-Disaster Recovery Plan
Emergency Operations Plan
(http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/oem/eop2015.pdf)

13. EVALUATION OF FAIRFAX COUNTY'S PLAN FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
2. Community Needs
Education: Emergency Preparedness News Letters
Fairfax County Citizen Corps - utilize the power of every member of the
team through education, training and acquainted service to make
communities stronger, safe and better prepared to respond to the
threats of disasters of all kinds. (Office of Emergency Management)
Sign up for Fairfax Alerts

14. EVALUATION OF FAIRFAX COUNTY'S PLAN FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
3. Evidence of thought beyond the Written Report
The Office for Children Supports Emergency Preparedness in Child
Care Settings
The Fairfax County Office of Emergency Management suggests a
simple four-step process: assemble a kit, make a plan, be informed and
get involved in help for residents to prepare themselves, their
communities and their businesses for safety program establish funding
sources with naturally occurring or man-made emergencies. (Office of
Emergency Management)

15. EVALUATION OF FAIRFAX COUNTY'S PLAN FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
4. Record Keeping System
Safeguard vital records including digital data at all times. (Fairfax
County Emergency Operations Plan.2015, p. 4)
Department of Cable and Consumer Service - Upon request, records
media briefings.
Under Continuity of Operations Plans (COOP): Provision for the
safeguarding of vital records and systems. (Fairfax County Emergency
Operations Plan.2015, p. 5)

16. EVALUATION OF FAIRFAX COUNTY'S PLAN FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
5. Redundancy and Backup Plan
Regional Incident Communication and Coordination System (RICCS):
Fairfax County acts as backup system
Ensures emergency backup and contingency communications
capabilities in the event normal communications are disrupted. (Fairfax
County Emergency Operations Plan.2015, p. 8)
Department of Information Technology - Maintain backup emergency
communications

17. PLAN FOR ADDRESSING MASS CASUALTY SITUATIONS
Fairfax County has the following plan for mass casualty situations:
1. Planning recommendations for mass casualty incidents (MCI) as
related to Fire department, Police office and health care, or
emergency preparedness planning in the community. (Fairfax County
Emergency Operations Plan. 2015).
2. Enhancing teamwork coalition development with local response
health care partners by a positive attitude and the ability to
recognized and react from an all-hazards perspective. (Fairfax County
Emergency Operations Plan. 2015).
3. Strengthening the operational response framework used by
hospitals and local partners in a realistic coordinated approach
toward incident command structure, material resource
management, and treatment space for patient surge or medical
fraternity to the response. (Fairfax County Emergency Operations Plan.
2015).

19. PLAN FOR ADDRESSING MASS CASUALTY SITUATIONS
Fairfax County has the following plan for mass casualty situations:
4. Healthcare facilities can maintain situational attentiveness of
disasters through access and participation in multiple
systems.(Fairfax County Emergency Operations Plan. 2015).
5. Communication is essential income information, which supports
situational awareness to agencies and response personnel involved.
(Hensarling, Connor, & Chilton, et al., 2015)
6. Triage
7. Casualty Planning

20. REFERENCES
• National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved from https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/events
• Restore your Economy.org Retrieved from
http://restoreyoureconomy.org/disaster-overview/types-of-disasters/
• Medcom, (2006). Emergency Management Planning (23 mins) [Video file]. Academic Video Online.
• The Disaster Management Cycle. Retrieved from https://www.gdrc.org/uem/disasters/1-dm_cycle.html
• Nies, M.A., & McEwen, M. (2015). Community/public health nursing: Promoting the health of
populations. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
• Office of Emergency Management Retrieved from http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/oem/eop2015.pdf
• Virginia Department of Emergency management (VDEM). (2016). Retrieved from
http://www.vaemergency.gov/prepare-recover/make-emergency-plan/
• Mass Casualty Management Systems Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/tools/mcm_guidelines_en.pdf
• Fairfax County Emergency Operations Plan.(2015). Retrieved from http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/oem/
eop2015.pdf
• Hensarling, J., Connor, D., Chilton, J., et al., (2015). Part II: Collaborative learning in community
health nursing for emergency preparedness. Nurse Education in Practice, 15(1), 85-89.