RABI ZAID
KHARIF

 Cereals
 Pulses
 Oil seeds
 Beverages

WHEAT RICE BARLEY
MAIZE MILLET

 Second most important cereal crop in India
 Wheat : Rabi crop
 Favorable Conditions : cool growing season, bright sunshine at the time of
ripening, 50-75 cm annual rainfall
 Main food crop (in India) : in north-western part
 Mainly grown (in India) : The Ganga – Satluj plain, black soil region of Deccan,
Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and parts of Madhya Pradesh.
 Scientific Name :Triticum

 Used as food and fodder
 Maize : Kharif Crop
 In some states it is also grown in Rabi season like in Bihar
 Favorable Conditions : temperature between 21 degree – 27 degree Celsius, grows
well in old alluvial soil
 Mainly grown in (India) : Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and
Madhya Pradesh
 Scientific Name : Zea Mays

 Staple food in India
 India:2nd largest producer of rice in the world
 Rice : Kharif crop
 Favorable conditions : High temperature( above 25 degree Celsius) , high
humidity ,(annual rainfall- above 100 cm).
 Mainly grown in : eastern UP, Bihar, West Bengal etc.
 Scientific name of Asian rice- Oryza Sativa

RAGI
JOWAR
•Rich in iron, roughage, calcium and
•Third most food crop with respect
other micro nutrients
to area and production
•Favorable Conditions : Crop of dry
• Favorable Conditions : Rain-fed
regions, grows well on red, black,
crop, mainly grown in moist areas
sandy, loamy and shallow black soils
•Mainly Grown in : Karnataka,
•Mainly grown in (India) : Karnataka,
Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh
Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand etc.
BAJRA
•Favorable Conditions : grows well
on sandy soils and shallow black
soils
•Mainly grown in : Uttar Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Gujarat and Haryana
Scientific Name of common Millet : Panicum Miliaceum

 4th largest grain crop after wheat, rice and corn
 Grown as a summer crop in temperate areas
and winter crop in tropical areas
 Germination time : 1-3 days
 Favorable Conditions : likes to grow under cool conditions
 Scientific Name of Two-rowed Barley : Hordeum Distichon

 Pea
 Pigeon Pea
 Lentil
 Soyabean
 Black Gram

 Life cycle : 1 year
 Grown as a cool seasonal vegetable crop
 Favorable Conditions : Temperature between 13-18 degree Celsius,
grows well in cooler high altitude tropical areas and on slightly acidic
drained soil
 Mainly grown in : Europe
 Diseases [Fungal] : Alternaria alternata
 Scientific Name : Pisum Sativum

 Essential food in west Africa and Nigeria
 Important source of protein in India
 Widely cultivated in all tropical and semi tropical regions
 Favorable Conditions : drought resistant, annual rainfall less than
650mm
 Mainly grown in India : 82% (of total pigeon pea grown in the
world)
 Scientific Name : Cajanus Cajan
 Pathogens : Phytophthora Cajani

 Widely cultivated in temperate regions
 Known for their high protein content and
good vegetable source of iron
 Used as fodder
 Mainly grown in : Canada, India, Nepal, United States
 Scientific Name : Lens culinaries

 An oil seed also (contain 19% oil)
 Source of protein for animal feeds
 Favorable Conditions : mainly grown in hot
summers, optimum growth in moist alluvial soil
and mean temperature 20-30 degree Celsius
 Mainly Grown in : United States, Brazil, Argentina,
China and India
 Scientific Name : Glycine Max

 Mainly used to make dal
 Originated in India
 Mainly grown in India
 Very nutritious and is recommended for diabetics
 Used in traditional Indian medicine
 Scientific Name : Vigna Mungo

MUSTARD OLIVE
COCONUT SOYABEAN
SUNFLOWER

 Rich in oil (46%-48%) and protein (43.6%)
 Mature mustard plants grow in shrubs
 Take 3-10 days to germinate
 Favorable Conditions : grows well in temperate regions, cold atmosphere
and moist soil
 Mainly grown in : Canada (90%), Hungary, Great Britain, India, Pakistan
etc.
 Scientific Name of black mustard : Brassica Nigra

 Scientific Name : Cocos Nucifera
 Favorable Conditions : Coconut palm thrives
on sandy soil, prefer areas with abundant
sunlight, regular rainfall (150-250 cm annually),
low humidity, temperature
(regularly above 25 degree Celsius)
 Mainly grown in : Philippines, Indonesia,
India, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Thailand,
Mexico, Vietnam, Papua New Guinea,
Malaysia, Tanzania
 In India : Kerela, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,
Goa, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Orissa,
Pondicherry, Lakshadweep, Andaman and
Nicobar Islands, Maharashtra

 Sunflower Oil is used for cooking, carrier oil and to
produce margarine and biodiesel
 Its stem bends towards the sun.
 Favorable Conditions : need full sun, fertile,
moist and well drained soil with heavy mulch
 Scientific Name : Helianthus annuus
 Mainly grown in : Europe, Canada, Russia, India,
South Africa, Eastern Australia

OLIVE
 Olive tree is an evergreen tree
 It is drought, disease and fire resistant
 Olive leaves are used as medicinal teas
 Favorable Conditions : Coastal climate
conditions, light soil, clay soil if well
drained, hot weather
 Mainly grown in : Spain, Italy, Greece,
Turkey, Syria, Tunisia, Egypt