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Ilma Tapio, LukeFunctional role of rumen microbiome linked to methane production in dairy cows
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Dairy methane seminar 13.11.2017
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Ilma Tapio, LukeFunctional role of rumen microbiome linked to methane production in dairy cows
1.
© Natural Resources
Institute Finland© Natural Resources Institute Finland Ilma Tapio, PhD Senior researcher ilma.tapio@luke.fi Functional role of rumen microbiome linked to methane production in dairy cows
2.
© Natural Resources
Institute Finland2 16.11.2017 Luke in Jokioinen Minkiö barn 8 km
3.
© Natural Resources
Institute Finland3 ATP H2 CO2 CH4 Bacteria, protozoa, fungi ArchaeaVFA
4.
© Natural Resources
Institute Finland Microbial fermentation patterns are not equivalent in terms of H2 metabolism and methanogenesis Carbohydrates Fibre, Starch PYRUVATE Acetyl-CoA ACETATE BUTYRATE H2 H2 H2 production Oxaloacetate H2 Malate Fumarate H2 Succinate Acrylate PROPIONATE H2 H2 H2 utilization CH4 CO2 + 4H2 = CH4 + 2H2O
5.
© Natural Resources
Institute Finland Rumen microbiota analysis tools 5 16.11.2017 Microbiota Metagenome Metatranscriptome What species are different? What genes are different? Which genes are expressed differently?
6.
© Natural Resources
Institute Finland 16S V2-V3 region Primer RMID2 Primer F 16S V2-V3 region Primer RMID3 Primer F 16S V2-V3 region Primer RMID4 Primer F 16S V2-V3 region Primer RMID1 Primer F 16S rRNA
7.
© Natural Resources
Institute Finland Methane 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 LOW HIGH Methane(g/kgDMI) P = 0.004 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 LOW HIGH Abundance(%) Archaea 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 LOW HIGH Abundance(%) Succinovibrionaceae P = 0.014 P = 0.002 Four highest and four lowest methane emitters from 72 beef cattle
8.
© Natural Resources
Institute Finland Tammar Wallaby - Herbivore - Foregut fermenter Has high abundance of Succinovibrionaceae Produces 20% of methane per DMI compared to cattle
9.
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Institute Finland Figure 2. Methanogenesis pathway Leahy SC, Kelly WJ, Altermann E, Ronimus RS, Yeoman CJ, et al. (2010) The Genome Sequence of the Rumen Methanogen Methanobrevibacter ruminantium Reveals New Possibilities for Controlling Ruminant Methane Emissions. PLOS ONE 5(1): e8926. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008926 http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0008926
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Institute Finland Further conclusions: Differences in abundance of 22 microbial genes explained the variation in methane emissions by 88%
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Institute Finland11 16.11.2017
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Institute Finland12 16.11.2017 Feed efficient cows: Lower microbial diversity Limited No of metabolic pathways – less diverse metabolites Better energy utilization by the animal Feed inefficient cows: Higher microbial diversity Higher No of metabolic pathways – more diverse use of resources Not all metabolites are efficiently utilized by the animal
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Institute Finland The measurement of CH4 yields in sheep. Weibing Shi et al. Genome Res. 2014;24:1517-1525 © 2014 Shi et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
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Institute Finland Comparisons of gene and transcript abundance for enzymes involved in methanogenesis between high and low CH4 yield sheep. Weibing Shi et al. Genome Res. 2014;24:1517-1525 © 2014 Shi et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
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Institute Finland15 16.11.2017
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Institute Finland16 16.11.2017 Chemogenomics targets Methanogen vaccines
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Institute Finland Needs for the future – collection of samples/data from large herds in non-experimental settings
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Institute Finland19 16.11.2017
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Institute Finland16.11.201720 What are we dealing with? Microbiome Pan-genome
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Institute Finland Thank you! Acknowledgements: Green Technology, Luke; Bio-based business and industry, Luke; RuminOmics consortium
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