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Algeria
Facts and figures
General Info
Officially known as People’s Democratic
Republic of Algeria
Where on Earth? North Africa, on the
Mediterranean coast.
It is the largest country in Africa and the Arab
world
Neighbors: Tunisia, Libya, Morocco, Western
Sahara, Mauritania, Mali and Niger.
History
 Arabs conquered the current territory of Algeria in the mid-7th
century and mixed with the indigenous Berber people, who
converted to Islam.
 From 16th
to 19th
century it was part of the Ottoman Empire.
 In 1830 the French invaded the country. It belonged to the
French colonial empire up until 1962.
 1954-1962 was the period of the Algerian War of
Independence from France.
 During the 1990’s a Civil War between the government and
various Islamist rebel groups wreaked havoc.
 In 2010 the Arab Spring reached Algeria and the government
promised further constitutional and political reform –human
rights groups are still waiting for this to happen.
Politics
It is a semi-presidential republic (president +
prime minister, French model)
Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since
1999. He is the longest-serving president of
Algeria. He’s been re-elected 3 times (last time in
2014)
 According to the Democracy Index 2014, it is an
authoritarian regime. The Freedom of the Press
2015 report gives it a rating of “Not Free”.
Political power is held by the President and
military decision makers.
Demographics
 2013 population was an estimated 37.9 million.
 The capital city is Algiers, with an estimated population of
3,574,000 in 2010.
 About 90% of the population live in the northern, coastal
area, where the capital is located.
 Official language is Algerian Arabic, although Berber and
French are also spoken.
 Due to Algeria’s colonial history, French is widely used
making it the second-largest Francophone country in the
world in terms of speakers.
 Islam is the predominant religion with 99% of the
population.
Economy
 Algeria’s currency is the dinar (1USD=108DZD)
 In 2014, the Algerian economy expanded by 4%, up from 2.8% in 2013.
GDP is $551.8 billion (2014 est.)
 The country has enjoyed several years of strong economic
performance.
 The economy is dominated by the State. It is based on petroleum and
natural gas exports.
 It holds high foreign exchange
reserves (US$178 billion) but
it is vulnerable to the risk of
prolonged lower
hydrocarbon revenues.
Debt and IMF
 Algerian external debt is extremely low at 2% of GDP.
The country's foreign debt has fallen from a high of $28
billion in 1999 to its current level.
 By 2005 Algeria had repaid the total amount credited
by the IMF from 1989. In that period the country was
burdened with a heavy foreign debt, but it improved
from 1995 onwards.
 In 2006 Russia erased $4.74 billion of Algeria’s debt. In
return Algeria agreed to buy $7.5 billion worth of
combat planes, air-defense systems and other arms
from Russia.
 Mohammed Laksaci, Governor of the Bank of Argelia,
has released several statements for the IMF on behalf
of MENAP (Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan and
Pakistan) during the last decade.

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Algeria

  • 2. General Info Officially known as People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria Where on Earth? North Africa, on the Mediterranean coast. It is the largest country in Africa and the Arab world Neighbors: Tunisia, Libya, Morocco, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Mali and Niger.
  • 3. History  Arabs conquered the current territory of Algeria in the mid-7th century and mixed with the indigenous Berber people, who converted to Islam.  From 16th to 19th century it was part of the Ottoman Empire.  In 1830 the French invaded the country. It belonged to the French colonial empire up until 1962.  1954-1962 was the period of the Algerian War of Independence from France.  During the 1990’s a Civil War between the government and various Islamist rebel groups wreaked havoc.  In 2010 the Arab Spring reached Algeria and the government promised further constitutional and political reform –human rights groups are still waiting for this to happen.
  • 4. Politics It is a semi-presidential republic (president + prime minister, French model) Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999. He is the longest-serving president of Algeria. He’s been re-elected 3 times (last time in 2014)  According to the Democracy Index 2014, it is an authoritarian regime. The Freedom of the Press 2015 report gives it a rating of “Not Free”. Political power is held by the President and military decision makers.
  • 5. Demographics  2013 population was an estimated 37.9 million.  The capital city is Algiers, with an estimated population of 3,574,000 in 2010.  About 90% of the population live in the northern, coastal area, where the capital is located.  Official language is Algerian Arabic, although Berber and French are also spoken.  Due to Algeria’s colonial history, French is widely used making it the second-largest Francophone country in the world in terms of speakers.  Islam is the predominant religion with 99% of the population.
  • 6. Economy  Algeria’s currency is the dinar (1USD=108DZD)  In 2014, the Algerian economy expanded by 4%, up from 2.8% in 2013. GDP is $551.8 billion (2014 est.)  The country has enjoyed several years of strong economic performance.  The economy is dominated by the State. It is based on petroleum and natural gas exports.  It holds high foreign exchange reserves (US$178 billion) but it is vulnerable to the risk of prolonged lower hydrocarbon revenues.
  • 7. Debt and IMF  Algerian external debt is extremely low at 2% of GDP. The country's foreign debt has fallen from a high of $28 billion in 1999 to its current level.  By 2005 Algeria had repaid the total amount credited by the IMF from 1989. In that period the country was burdened with a heavy foreign debt, but it improved from 1995 onwards.  In 2006 Russia erased $4.74 billion of Algeria’s debt. In return Algeria agreed to buy $7.5 billion worth of combat planes, air-defense systems and other arms from Russia.  Mohammed Laksaci, Governor of the Bank of Argelia, has released several statements for the IMF on behalf of MENAP (Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan and Pakistan) during the last decade.