Presented by: VIKAS SONI Management Scholar, Pharmaceutical Management. NIPER, Mohali, Punjab, India. GMAIL: Vikas.niper2014@gmail.com LINKEDIN: http://in.linkedin.com/in/vikassoni11/ FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/Vickysoni11

1. Community Pharmacy
[1]- Introduction
Definition :
Community Pharmacy is a community based pharmacy. Community pharmacy, all of those
establishments that are privately owned and whose function is to serve the society needs for both
drug products and the pharmaceutical services.
The main responsibilities of a community pharmacy include appropriate procurement, storage,
dispensing and documentation of medicines.
Community pharmacy is a unique hybrid of professionalism and business. Therefore the
community pharmacist should have the required education, skills, and competence to deliver
professional services. The community pharmacist should give detail about prescription and advise
about home health care supplies.
[2]- Concept
A community pharmacy can broadly be considered a community-based pharmacy. The main
responsibilities of a community pharmacy include compounding, counseling, and dispensing of
drugs on prescription to the patients with care, accuracy, and legality. Appropriate procurement,
storage, dispensing and documentation of medicines are within the purview of its professional
responsibilities. It is an important branch of the pharmacy profession and involves a qualified and
pertinent pharmacist. Being closely in contact with general people, the community pharmacists
should have the required education, skills and competence to deliver the professional service to the
community.
[3]- Community health
Community health refers to the healthy status of the member of the community to solve the
problems affecting their health and to the totality of a health care provided for the community.
Community health broadly encompasses the entire gamut of community efforts for maintaining,
protecting, improving the health of the people.
Modern community health seeks to bring together all the available health services (e.g. medical
care, mother & child care, family planning services, environmental sanitation, laboratory services,
disease control programme, health education).
[4]- Public health
Public health is the science and arts of— 1) Preventive disease 2) Prolonging lifespan 3)
Promoting health and efficiency through organized community efforts for— i) the sanitation of the
environment. ii) the control of communicable diseases iii) the education of the individual in
personal hygiene iv) the organization of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and
preventive treatment of disease. v)the development of the social machinery to ensure everyone a
standard of living for maintenance of health.

2. A recent definition of public health, which meets the criteria of modern public health is as follows
— “Public health is the planning carrying out an evolution of health measures and system services
that both maintain and improve the health of a population group, prevent and control diseases
within the population group”.
[5]- Dimensions of health
There are four major dimensions of health included in the WHO definitions of health—
1. Physical health
2. Mental health
3. Social health
4. Spiritual health
Besides these, many more can be cited e.g.
1. Emotional
2. Vocational
3. Philosophical
4. Cultural
5. Socio-economical
6. Environmental
7. Political
8. Educational
9. Nutritional
[6]- Community Pharmacy Management:
Selection of site space layout and design: Various factors should be considered during the selection
of a site, such as population of area, distribution of the income among the population, types of
industry and the competitive climate.
Plan of an ideal retail and whole sale drug store: One of the main factors responsible for the success
of a drug store is its location and proper layout design. An ideal plan for proper layout design of a
retail drug store and whole sale drug store:
Retail Drug Store Design Whole sale Drug Store Design
[7]- Roles and responsibilities of community pharmacist
A community pharmacist may involve in all drug related problems like counseling on prescribed
medicines, proper use of over the counter (OTC), records, immunization schedule etc.
Into the area of “Pharmacoepidimiology” (Post marketing phase of a clinical trial of drug, concern
with safety or risk of a new drug after coming in market).
He may involve I the control of serious communicable diseases by making community aware
through counseling. By this method a lot of diseases like TB, Syphilis, AIDS can be control.
He also beware about environmental health.
He may also involve in patient health education through pamphlets and bulletins.
A community pharmacist guide patients about nutrition intake according to requirement and disease.

3. He provides counseling to pregnant ladies about material and child health, diet and hygiene. He can
also help in guiding the parents for the protection of child against diseases by proper immunization
schedule.
He provides counseling to alcohol addicted people and also encourages patient to prevent themselves
from chronic diseases.
[8]- Objective of layout design:
1.To attract large number of customers.
2.To increase the sale of store.
3.To have proper entrance of coming goods and space for reserve stock, office and resting place
for employees.
4.To reduce the selling expenses and provide customer satisfaction.
5.To project a professional image and improve general appearance.
6.To minimize the movement of customer with in the promises of the drug store.
[9]- Design of retail and wholesale drug store:
A modern drug store should fulfill all the requirements in schedule “N” of drug and cosmetics rules.
To start a drug store a minimum of 150 sq. feet area is required similar to whole sale drug store a
minimum of 200 sq. feet.
[10]- Types of a drug store:
On the basis of design, it is classified as:
1. Traditional Drug Stores:
These types of drug stores are designed in such a manner that the entire area of Drug store is
exposed to customers. -Such a design has pleasing and professional appearance and is convenient for
both workers and customers. It provides opportunity for maximum sales but there are good chances
of theft in such design.
2. Personal Service Drug Stores:
In this type of design, the whole of the area is not exposed to the customer but the customer is
required to interact with the drug store personnel at the service counter.
During the purchasing process the customer demands an article and the personnel provide the
articles.
This service and design facilitates maximum interaction between drug store employee and the
customers. The success of the drug store depends upon the convenience and friendly service of the
personnel at the service counter.
3. Prescription Oriented Drug Store:
These types of drug stores provide a comfortable waiting area where the customers are expected to
wait while his prescription is proceeding.
In this type of design health related items, drugs and prescription accessories are displayed in the
vicinity while orthopedic and surgical appliances are kept in a separate room. Cosmetics and gifts
are arranged in a suitable area in the store.

4. 4. Pharmaceutical Centre:These types of centre sell medicines, convenience articles,
orthopedic and surgical appliances. The store has sufficient floor space and is properly decorated.
5. Super Drug store:
Such types of drug stores have a huge floor area ranging from 5,000 to 10000 with a square design.
The customers have access to all-most-all the area in the drug store and can inspect, handle and
select articles themselves. The design is on self service pattern except for the prescription
department where self service is not possible.
[11]- The legal requirements for the establishment of retail
drug store:
Licenses:
a). General Licenses: These licenses are granted to person who have the premises for the
business and who engage the services of a qualified person to supervise the sale of a drug store.
License for retail sale of drug store are issued in form 20 for drug specified in schedule C1 C1
excluding those specified in Schedule X in form of 21 and for Schedule X in 20F.
Conditions for general licenses:-
1.The license should be displayed in prominent place in a part of premises open to the public.
2.The license should comply with the provision of drug and cosmetics act and rules.
3.Ay change in the staff should be reported to the licensing authority within one month.
4.Precaution prescribed by the licensing authority for the storage of Schedule C and C1 should be
observed.
5.For the sale of additional categories of drug listed in Schedule C1 C1 excluding X the license
must take prior permission of the license authority.
b). Restricted Licenses: The licenses for the restricted sale of drug other than those specified in
Schedule C1 C1 and X and those specified in Schedule C1 C1 not in X are issued in the form 20A
and 21A respectively.
Conditions for restricted licenses:
1.Drug should be sold in their original container.
2.License should be complying with the provision of drugs and Cosmetics Acts and Rules.
3.Drug only purchased from a duly licensed dealer.
4.The licenser must have adequate premises equipped with facilities for the proper storage of
drug.
Staff (Personnel): Personnel or staff selection is one of the most important aspects of
developing an efficient operating community pharmacy. Success of a community pharmacy
depends upon proper selection training, and maintenance of employees (staff).
Selection of staff: Following criteria should be followed during the selection of the staff for
community pharmacy:

5. 1. Minimum standards for qualification of employees should not be allowed to fall below the
minimum standards under here for a given position will result in fall in reputation of pharmacy.
2. Over hiring means superior people should not be hired for inferior jobs; this type of selection
may result in an adverse effect on staff moral and efficiency.
3. For the proper selection of staff for a specific job, the manager should develop a job description
and a job specification for each position in pharmacy. This job description should contain such
detail as scope of job, its relation to other jobs, working hours, and pay scale, etc. It prevents
misunderstanding about the nature of the duties of a particular job.
4. Promotion within a pharmacy staff may be appropriate. But in most of the cases external source
must be used such as employment agencies, placement offices of schools and universities or
classified news paper advertising.
Orientation and training of staff: After proper selection needs to be followed by
adequate orientation and training of the employee, which results in increase productivity and
reduced employee turnover.
Compensation: Retaining good employees is one of the most difficult problems faced by the
community pharmacy manger. Many factors decides keeping of employees but most important
factor is the compensation plan. Adequate compensation is necessary, not only to retain employee
but also to encourage them to work toward the over all goals and objectives of the pharmacy.
[12]- IMPORTANCE OF CODING AND STOCKING
Importance of coding for drug store: Coding is the process of assigning f code symbol or a number
to a particular material for easy identification.It is important for a drug store because;
1. Coding of various items of materials is essential for good system of store keeping.
2. Ambiguity in description is avoided.
3. The length in description is minimized.
4. The codes ensure of item lying in the store.
5. Each stored item is easily identified, particularly, where the same item is known by more than
one name.
Importance of stocking for drug store
1. Drugs are stored in alphabetical order.
2. It provides a channel for distribution of drugs.
3. It provides space for storage of drugs or materials and supplies.
4. Drugs are readily available for administration.

6. 5. Vaccine and antibiotic drugs are stored in refrigerator.
[13]- Maintenance of various registers (records) in
community pharmacy:
For various reasons it is very important to maintain various legal, financial and professional
records in a community pharmacy. Type of records required in a community pharmacy may be
classified as following:
(1) Legal records (registers): According to federal and sate law, the pharmacy
owner (manager) is responsible for maintenance of accurate up-to-date records of specific classes
of drugs and poisons according to Drugs and Cosmetic Act 1940. Rules 1945 and The Poison Act
1919, the pharmacist is responsible for maintaining accurate records related to acquisition and
disposition of certain drugs that are supposed to be subject to possible misuse or abuse. According
to law it is required to maintain a record on the distribution of poison and hazardous substances.
Improperly maintained or incomplete records can bring legal action and penalties.
(2) Patients records: To include patients drug histories those type of records are
maintained, although the format of records may vary according to basic ideas of establishing a
record. Records may be based on family unit basis that allows the pharmacist to monitor the drug
usage of each member of family. It provides basic information about kinds and amounts of drugs
being taken by average patients, which helps in reducing the problems associated with drug
interactions and individuals idiosyncrasies to drugs. These records also serve in economic
purposes, as source of information for insurance claims and for income tax deduction of the
patients.
(3) Financial records: Properly collect and organized accounting data serves various
important uses as :
1.Serves as a basic tool for efficient management and measuring its effect.
2.For making sound decisions regarding future money needs, inventory requirement, personnel
matters and expansion of facilities.
3.In evaluation of past operations, controlling current operations and providing information for
planning and forecasting.
4.Analyzing revenues and expenses & Measuring return on investment.
5.Providing the required information to potential granters credit and loans as well as to federal,
state, and local governmental agencies regarding income and business taxes.
6.Helping to ensure a profitable operation.

7. Presented by:
VIKAS SONI
Management Scholar,
Pharmaceutical Management.
NIPER, Mohali, Punjab, India.
GMAIL: Vikas.niper2014@gmail.com
LINKEDIN: http://in.linkedin.com/in/vikassoni11/
FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/Vickysoni11
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