Meaning, Objectives and Importance. Introducing contents status – Factors affecting – Remedial Measures for Controlling Population, Small Family Norms, Advantages.

1. Population Education
B.Ed. 2015-16
M.Vijayalakshmi
Assistant Professor

2. 5.2. Population Education
Meaning, Objectives and
Importance. Introducing contents
status – Factors affecting – Remedial
Measures for Controlling
Population, Small Family Norms,
Advantages.

3. Meaning
• An exploration of knowledge and
attitudes about population, the
family and sex.
• Includes Population awareness,
Family living, Reproduction
education, Basic values.

4. Definition
• UNESCO (Bangkok Conference, 1970)
An Education programme which
provides for a study of the population
situation of the family, community,
nation and world with the purposes of
developing it and students’ rational and
responsible attitudes and behaviour
towards that situation

5. Concept
• Growth rate = Birth rate – Death rate +Total
migration of population
• i.e. Growth rate = Birth rate – Death rate +
Immigration – Emigration
• Growth rate ratio = zero – no increase
• 0.00 to 1.00 – Gentle
• 1.00 to 1.5 – Fast
• 1.50 to 2.00 – Very Rapid
• 2.00 and above - Exploding

6. Birth Rate =
Annual Births
---------------------------- * 1000
Mid Year Population
Death Rate =
Annual Deaths
---------------------------- * 1000
Mid Year Population
Growth Rate =
Annual Increase
---------------------------- * 1000
Mid Year Population

7. Objectives
• To develop a understanding of
Relevant demographic concepts and processes
The rapid growth of population and its causes
The influence of population trends on various
aspects of human life
The close interaction of population growth and
developmental programmes for raising the
standard of living

8. The evil effects of overpopulation on
environment
The scientific and medical advancement
resulting in the imbalance between
death and birth rate
The biological factors and phenomenon
of reproduction responsible for
continuation of species

9. • To develop an attitude of responsibility and
mutual help and cooperation in all aspects of
personal and family living
• To provide students with a basic demographic
vocabulary so that they are able to read and
interpret demographic material with some
understanding
• To develop an appreciation of
The small family norms as proper and
desirable

10. The relation between population size and the
quality of life
The fact that the family size is a matter of
deliberate choice and human regulation
The relationship between the preservation of
the health of the mother, the welfare of the
children and the small size of the family
The fact that the actions of each individual
affect others and also that the personal and
national decisions concerning family size and
population have long ranging consequences for
the whole world
• To develop an awareness of population of
population policies and programmes of the
country

11. Importance
• Today’s children are tomorrow’s citizens
• They must know the Population and its
consequences
• Education – effective way to conscientize people
of the need for accepting ‘small family norm’
• Students – play major role – spreading this
message
• Trained – how to spread
• Hence it is necessary to include Population
Education in the school curriculum

12. Content Areas in
Population Education
• Population and Economic Development
• Population and Social Development
• Population, Environment and Resources
• Population and Family Life
• Population, Health and Nutrition
• Population Dynamics
• Emerging issues – adolescents, sexually
transmitted diseases like AIDS

13. Curriculum at the Primary Stage
• Social Life
• Life
• Environment
• Family Life
• Health
• Nutrition
• Educational Life
• Demographic Implications

14. Curriculum of Population Education at
Secondary Stage
• Social Life
• Economic Life
• Demographic Implication
• Sex Life
• Environmental Life
• Family Life

15. How to introduce the concepts of
Population Education
• Integrated Approach – School level
• Diffused through the entire school
programme
• In various subjects – plug points
• Jointly shared by all

16. Correlating School subjects with
Population Education Programme
• Languages – stories, essays, blank verses etc –
Mother Tongue, Regional Language, Hindi and
English
• Social Studies – statistics on population
education, material on the impact of population
explosion on socio-economic development of
the nation
• Mathematics – population growth in cities –
percentages, bar graphs etc
• Science and Health Education– problems related
to fertility, reproduction and family planning etc

17. Teacher’s Role
• Pre-service and in-service programmes
• Efforts to inculcate the necessary psychological
insight, meaningful awareness and appropriate
attitudes in the minds of students
• Skill – makes the programme dynamic,
interesting and meaningful for children
• Methods – individual, group projects, panel or
group discussions
• Collect pictures, consolidate data and present
materials to the class in a dynamic and
meaningful manner

18. India’s Population – At Present
• India – 2001 census – 102.7 crores
• with over 1.2 billion people (July 2015)
• More than One-sixth of the population
• Second largest populous country in the world
• Already containing 17.5% of the world's population
• Increases by 1.7 crores every year
• We constitute 16.17% of the world population with
only 2.4% of the total land area
• India is projected to be the world's most populous
country by 2022
• A rapid action programme – necessary

19. Tamil Nadu State
• 7,21,47,030 Population
• Males – 3,61,37,975
• Females – 3,60,09,055
• Literacy – 80.09
• Rural – 3,49,21,681
• Urban – 2,74,83,998
• Area – 1,30,058
• Density – 555

20. Causes of population explosion in India
Child Marriage
Polygamy
Joint Family System
Superstitions
Backwardness of Women
Illiteracy
High Birth Rate and Low Death Rate

21. • Infant mortality has come down from 215 in
1901 to 74 in 1964
• Longevity increased. Now the average
expectation of life at birth is 52
• Marriage is considered a duty in India. Every
married couple want children
• Early marriage at the age of 14. Fertile rate is
high in that age group.
• Rural people – ignorant – family planning
• Believe – beneficial at their old age
• Widow re-marriages
• Death Rate – decreased – improved health and
medical facilities

22. Consequences of Over Population
Problem of food
Problem of shelter
Unemployment
Health problem
Environment degradation
Fragmentation of agricultural holdings
Threat to economic development
Urbanization
Price hike and inflation
Destruction of values

23. Why should population be controlled ?
• To improve quality of life
• To increase employment opportunities
• To increase per capita food supply
• To improve housing facilities
• To improve medical facilities
• To improve educational facilities
• To increase time for rest and recreation
• To improve life security
• To minimize social problems and evils
• To make the earth more suitable for life

24. How to control Population increase ?
• Raise the Age of Marriage
• Limit Pregnancy to the Healthiest Period
• Give Sufficient Spacing
• Improve the Status of Women
• Popularize the Small Family Norms
• Propagate Family Welfare programmes
• Popularize Population Education

25. Small Family