2. History Of Electricity
Ancient Greeks
2000 years ago they realized you could create a charge by rubbing tow
things together.
Discovered electric charges
Ben Franklin
Kite experiment in 1752
Electricity travels through conductors
Alessandro Volta
In 1800, produced the first electric battery & first man-made electric current
He should(but doesn’t) get a lot of the credit for figuring it all out
Faraday Discovers Electromagnetic Induction – early 1800’s
Edison Invents the Light Bulb and Generating Stations in NYC – 1882
3.
4. Electricity is simply the flow of electrons from one place to
another. Electrons are tiny particles that orbit the core of an
atom , and they can be made to hop from one atom to the next
.
Electron move very easily through metal wire , but the flow of
electron is limited by the size of the wire. Increasing the wire
size allows for more electrons to flow through it and for
electricity to be delivered safely to homes and businesses
6. • Faraday Effect
•Basic Concepts
• Voltage – V – Potential to Move Charge (volts)
• Current – I – Charge Movement (amperes or amps)
• Resistance – R – V = IxR (R in =ohms)
• Power – P = IxV = I2xR (watts)
Faraday Effect
13. So how do we get electricity from fossil fuels?
• Most electricity is produced by burning fossil fuels in
power stations.
• Coal, oil and natural gas are burned in furnaces to heat
up water. The boiling water makes steam which pushes
the gigantic blades of a turbine to produce electricity.
Power stations give off lots of steam
which you can see.
Power stations give off pollution,
which you can’t see.
When we burn fossil fuels we put
lots of carbon dioxide into the air.
This is a cause of Global Warming.
14.
15.
16. Some countries use nuclear power
Nuclear
power
plant
Nuclear power plants use a
material called uranium to produce
electricity.
Nuclear power plants make
electricity by splitting tiny atoms of
the uranium to release energy.
Nuclear plants also have waste
materials that are very dangerous
and have to be looked after safely
for thousands of years.
17.
18.
19. -Conversion from potential energy of
water to electric energy is at 80 – 90%
efficiency
-Hydroelectric projects in the United
States have rated capacities from
950 – 6480 MW
-The use of Water Power is much
greater in some other countries.
Norway obtains 99% of its electricity
from water power. Nepal, Brazil, and
New Zealand are close seconds.
22. Use Mechanical energy, wind, or moving
water to turn a turbine that is connected
to an electrical generator.
23.
24. -Solar Power – uses the sun energy to either boil water or directly converts
solar energy to electrical energy
-Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion – uses temperature differences
between different depths of ocean water to drive a heat engine. Working
fluid is ammonia which is gas at room temperature.
-Biomass Energy: Municipal Solid Waste – burning wastes to drive heat
engines
-Geothermal Energy – based on naturally occurring heat in the Earth in the
Earth due to radioactive decay
-Tidal Energy – uses the gravitational pull of the moon on our oceans to
drive turbines
25. - AC of 50 Hz produced by generator
- Resistance losses are smallest at high voltages and low currents