BBIT VV nagar Guarat Anand

1. Introduction to CAM and CNC
Manufacturing
BY VINIT.K.MODI
M.E.(MECH)
LME
BBIT .V.VNAGAR
V.K.MODI BBIT 2023

2. Computer Aided Manufacturing
Computer aided Manufacturing is defined
as the effective use of computer technology
in the planning, management and control of
manufacturing functions.
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3. Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is the use of
computers to assist the manufacturing process. CAD and
CAM are combined CAD/CAM so that the output of the CAD
module is fed to the CAM system. The design can be
converted into a sequence of processes (drilling, turning,
milling etc) for manufacture on a Numerically Controlled (NC)
machine
Computer Aided Manufacturing
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4. VARIETY
LOW MEDIUM HIGH
VOLUME
MEDIUM
HIGH
LOW
STAND ALONE
CNC
MANU.
CELL
FLEXIBLE
MANUFACTURING
SYSTEM
(FMS)
DEDICATED
SYSTEM
TRANSFER
LINE
Manufacturing methods
Based on production quantity
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5. CNC
MACHINE
TOOL
INTEGRATION
Integration and Automation for Computer
Numerical Control
A
U
T
O
M
A
T
I
O
N
CNC MACHINING
CENTER
CLUSTER OF NC/CNC
MACHINES
CAM SYSTEM
ONE
OR
MORE
COMPUTER
REQIRED
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6. The application of CAM
The application of CAM can be divided into two categories
1 Manufacturing Planning
2 Manufacturing control
The two categories represent two different levels of
involvement of computer in the operation of the plant
Manufacturing planning:-
CAM application for manufacturing planning are those in
which the computer is used indirectly to support the
production function, but there is no direct connections
between the computer and process.
The computer is used as off line to provide information
for effective planning and management of production
activities V.K.MODI BBIT 2023

7. Important application
•Cost estimating
• Computer aided process planning(CAPP)
•Computerized machinability data system
•Computer assisted NC or CNC part programming
•Development of work standards
•Computer aided line balancing
•Production and inventory planning.
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8. Manufacturing Control
1. The second category of CAM application is
concerned with developing computer System for
implementing the manufacturing control function
Manufacturing control is concerned with managing
and controlling the physical operations in the
factory. Process control, Quality control, shop floor
control and process monitoring are all included in
the scope of this function
The application of the computer process are
pervasive today in automated production systems.
They include transfer lines, assembly systems,
numerical Control robotics, material handling and
flexible manufacturing system
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9. ELEMENTS OF THE CAM SYSTEM
THE CAM DATA BASE
•PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
•MANUFACTURING CONTROL
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10. CENTRAL
COMPUTER
LARGE SCALE
COMPUTER
CAD
CNC
Part
Programing
SMALL
COMPUTER
CNC
manufacturing QC
Cam data base
Engineering .Data
base
NC production
data base
Mps
Control data base
Qc dATA base.
CAM DATA BASE FOR COMPUTER MANU.SYSTEM
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11. DESIGN
ENGG.
PRODUCTION
ENGG.
NC COMPUTER
PART PROGRAM
Post
Processor
Manufacturing
Specification
Design
Data
Machinabilty
Data
Production
Data
CAM DATA BASE
Engineenring information flow to
and from the data base
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12. CAM DATA BASE
Nc
Production
Data
Master
Production
Schedule
Scheduling
Program
Additional
Manufacturing
Information
To
Shop floor
Status
Feed back
READY
BANK
PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT INFORMATION FLOW
PRIORITIES
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13. CAM DATA BASE
Monitoring
And
Control
Data
Manufacturing
Control
Program
STATUS
FEED
BACK
Scheduling
Data
READY
BANK
Add.
Manu.
Information
NC
MACHINE
TOOL
Scheduling
PROCESS
FEED BACK
NC
INST.
Manufacturing
Control information flow
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14. CAM DATA BASE
Quality
Control
Specification
Management
Report
Quality
Control
Program
Measured
Part
Tolerance
Status
Feedback
Quality control operation
In CAM
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15. CNC Machine
The Electronic Industries Association
defines CNC as The Numerical Control
System where in a dedicated stored –
program computer is used to perform
some or all of the basis NC functions in
accordance with control programs stored
in the Read-write memory of the
computer
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16. CNC
Controller
Actuating
Devices
( Spindle motor,
Servo motor,and
Controllers
Machine
Tool
Feed back
Transducer
( Resolver and
Encoder, or
Linear scale
CNC
Program
Block diagram of a CNC system
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17. MINI
COMPUTER
AND
STORAGE
HARDWARE
CIRCUITRY
SERVO
SYSTEM
CNC
MACHINE
TOOL
Input CNC
instruction
CNC CONTROLLER
Software
Function
Hardware
Function
Cnc system schematic
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18. Types of CNC system
TOOL
PATH
STARTING
POINT
Point to point (positioning) CNC system
(0,0)
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19. V.K.MODI BBIT 2023

20. Starting
Point
CUTTING
TOOL
WORK
PIECE
Straight cut system
TOOL
PATH
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21. V.K.MODI BBIT 2023

22. Continuous path simulation
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23. V.K.MODI BBIT 2023

24. V.K.MODI BBIT 2023

25. V.K.MODI BBIT 2023

26. Translator
COMMAND
SIGNAL
FORM MCU Stepper motor
BALL
SCREW
MACHINE
TOOL SLIDE
Open loop control system
Other classification of CNC system
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27. MACHINE
SLIDE
NC
TRANSDUCER
FEED BACK
DEVICE
COMMAND SIGNALS
FROM MCU AMPLIFIER
COMPARATOR
(ERROR
DETECTOR)
CORRECTION
SIGNAL
(100-99)
SERVO
MOTOR
Close loop CNC control
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28. Basic Components Of CNC Contorl
System (Manufacturing)
Part Program
Machine Control Unit
(MCU)
Machine tool
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29. CNC Part Programming
Types of Part Programming
Manual part programming(g code and m
code programming)
Computer assisted part programming
Using various higher level language like
APT compact EXAPT etc
Auto part programming with software like
MasterCAM, SmartCAM ,Inventor CAM
etc
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30. Various format of part program
Word address format
Tab sequential format
Fixed sequential format
Word address format
N---G—X—Y—Z—I—J---K—F—S—T---M--EOB
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31. N –Sequence or block number
G– Preparatory function
Xyz – Dimension word
Ijk ---Dimension word for arc and circle
F– Feed rate
S– spindle speed
T—tool function
M– miscellaneous function
Various function for G and M
code programming
Different NC words
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32. Machine Control Unit
Various input media for MCU
Part program tape
Magnetic disk
Floppy disk
Main frame computer disk drive
M C U key board
MDIS(Manual Data Input System)
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33. Organization of a typical MCU
FEED RATE(F)
CONTROL AREA
INTERPO
LATOR
SERVO
AREA
Tape
reader
Auxiliary
Functions
M,S,Tarea
To m/c
tool
control
Panel
DATA
DECODING
CONTROL
AREA
BUFFER
To m/c tool
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34. Features of CNC machine tools
Bed construction
Use of ball screw instead of lead screw
Automatic pressurized lubrication system
Sliding materials(PTFE)
Drives (Speed and Feed Drives)
Tool turret & ATC
Close loop control
Automatic palate Changer
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35. Direct Numerical Control
The electronic industries association has define DNC as
A system connecting a set of numerically controlled
machines to a common memory for part program or
machine program storage with
Provision for on demand distribution of data to
Machine
The important difference between DNC and CNC
Is the elimination of dedicated computer by A
Large computer that manages many machines
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36. DNC through link computer
CNC M/C
CITY-1
CNC M/C
CITY-2
CNC M/C
CITY-3
DNC
COMPUTER
AT
LOCATION 4
Link computer in
Satellite
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37. DATA
MULTIPLEXER
MINI
COMPUTER
M M
MODEM
CNC
MILLING
MODEM
CNC
GRINDER
MODEM
CNC
TURNING
PART
PROGRAMMING
TERMINAL
DNC through
Modems
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38. THANK
YOU
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