Residential Design Project Report for Yash Agarwal

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Tomorrow A leader

Project Report
On
Residential Designing
At
Dezyne E’cole College
Ajmer
Submitted to
Towards the
Partial Fulfillment of
B.SC. – Interior Design
+
1year Residential Design Diploma
By
Yash Agarwal
106/10 Civil Lines, Ajmer
Tel- 0145-2624679
www.dezyneecole.com
2016-17
Today A Reader
Tomorrow A leader

This Project Report of Mr. Yash Agarwal of Interior
Designing Has Been Graded As ……………..
Thanking You
Principal (seal & signature)
106/10, Civil Lines
Ajmer – 305001,
Rajasthan
Today A Reader
Tomorrow A leader

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I Am Glad That Dezyne E’cole College Has Assigned Me
Residential Design Project. It gives me immense pleasure to
be associated with this project. The project was a learning
process. The project has been made by the contribution of
various people. First of all, I would like my gratitude to our
principal Mrs. Vinita Mathur to her kind help and
encouragement.
I am very thankful to her for her advice, assistance and
constant support throughout making of Residential Design
Portfolio. I would like to thank all my beloved teachers and
my parents for their support and to gave confidence in me.
Thank You

SYNOPSIS OF PROJECT
The Project Assigned To Me During The Study Program Of
1st Year Residential Design Diploma. Before Considering The
Project I First Came Across The Following Points: Orientation
of Building, Day Lighting ,Ventilation ,Aspect ,Prospect ,
Anthropometrics ,Ergonomics ,Louis Kahn’s Principle ,Design
Elements And Principles ,And The Mood Which Has Been
Created In the Design
To Design Any Residential Space With Designing And
Effective Apace Planning. We Always Need To Pay Attention
To Aspect, Prospect, Anthropometrics, And Ergonomics,
Ventilation, Day lighting, Orientation And Louis Kahn’s
Principle.

YASH AGARWAL
INTERIOR DESIGNER
PROFILE :
To be a successful interior designer we need to
focus on all the aspects of human behaviour. I
thank Dezyne E’cole to make me an skilled
person and make me ready for the industry.
Email id – dezyneecole@gmail.com
Web – www.dezyneecole.com
Phone – 9784575104
01491-224114
Education :
B.Sc. Interior Design + 1 Year
Residential Design Diploma
( 2016-17)
12th C.B.S.E Board – M.P.S,
Ajmer
(2015-16)
10th C.B.S.E Board – M.P.S,
Ajmer
(2013-14)
SKILLS :
o Google Sketch up
o Drafting
o Anthropometrics
o Good Aesthetics Sense
o Good Knowledge about Colours
EXPERIENCE :
o Year End portfolio Presentation
o Residential Design Portfolio
o Residential Design Development Project
LANGUAGE :
o English
o Hindi

C
O
N
T
E
N
T
S
1. Introduction of Interior Design
2. Introduction of Residential Design
3. Case Study
4. Site Consideration
5. Macro Climate
6. Micro Climate
7. Bioclimatic Designs
8. Green Building (LEED Certification)
9. Building Orientation
10.Daylight Design
11.Ventilation
12.Windows
13.Topography
14.Landscape
15.Universal Design
16.Anthropometrics & Ergonomics
17.Stairs
18.Wall Planes
19.Planning Consideration
20.Louis Kahn Principles
21.Approach Types
22.Building Bye – Laws
23.Space Planning Process
24.Architectural Layouts
25.Design Development Layouts
26.Final Compositions
27.Conclusion
28.Bibliography

INTERIOR DESIGN
Interior Design Is About So Much More Than ‘What Looks Right’. It Is
About Taking A Holistic View Of The Way That Individuals Use And
Enjoy The Spaces That They Inhabit. It Is About Finding And Creating
A Cohesive Answer To A Set Of Problems And Dressing The Solution
So As To Unify And Strengthen Our Experience Of The Space. Good
Interior Design Adds A New Dimension To A Space. It Can Increase
Our Efficiency In The Way We Go About One Daily Lives And It Adds
Depth, Understanding And Meaning To The Built Environment.
Why Interior Design :
To Be Creative Is A Part Of Human Psyche. As The Time Change The
Need And Wants Of The People Increase By Increasing The Money
Flow In The Market. Because In INDIA Both Man And Women Starts
Working And To Maintain There Class And Status They Chose Interior
Designer To Design There House.
Secondly, When People Spend Less Time At House They Need More
Comfort At Short Amount Of Time. As A Designer We Need To Design
Such Space Which Refresh The People And Refresh Them For The
Next Day Of Working. As Good Interior Space Increase The Working
Efficiency Of The People.
Need Of Interior Design:
Interior Design Is A Multi-faceted Profession In Which Creativity And
Technical Solutions Are Applied Within A Structure To Achieve A Built
Interior Environment
To Satisfy The Clients Needs And Resources. Interior Design Is A
Multifaceted Profession Whereby The Need And Resources Of The
Client Are Satisfied To Create An Interior Space That Fulfill The
Project Goals. Interior Design Is The Art And Science Of
Understanding People’s Behaviour To Create Functional Spaces
Within A Building.

INTRODUCTION ABOUT INTERIOR DESIGN
Interior Design Involves Much More Than Just A Good Knowledge To
Décor. The Practice Of Interior Architecture Requires Designers To
Consider Pretty Much Everything To Do With The Building Of An
Interior Space That Will Affect Human Habitation, Including
Materials, Furnishing Materials, Finishes, Plumbing, Lighting, Etc.
Interior Designers Can’t Work Without A Plan For Their Project.
They Need To Think About Every Single Detail And Plan In
Appropriate Time For It. A Good Plan Means That As A Customer You
Will Get An Idea On The Cost Involved And As Well As The Deadline
For Completion Of Each Stage.
Interior Designer Do Research And Analysis Of The Clients Goals And
Requirements ; And Development Of Drawing And Diagram That
Outline Those Needs. Interior Design Work By Nature, Requires That
Those Who Practice It Learn To Temper Their Innate Idealism With
The Practical Demands Of Reality.
We Design For Real People In The Real World. In Every Design Project
We Undertake, We Must Be Willing To Strike A Balance Between
What You Envision As “The Ideal” And What we Can Achieve Within
The Project Practical Constraints.
Interior Design Is About More Than Aesthetics. It Is About Finding
Creative Design Solutions For Interior Environment While Supporting
The Health, Safety And Well-being Of Occupants And Enhancing
Their Quality Of Life. Interior Design Projects Can Take A Lot Of Time
And This Usually Happens Because The Whole Process Requires The
Attention, Skills And Knowledge Of The Many Other Specialists Who
Work With The Interior Designer.

INTRODUCTION ABOUT RESIDENTAIL DESIGN
Residential Design Refers To The Designing Of People’s Homes As
Opposed To Commercial Property. The Object Of These Designers Is
To Create Interior That Fit The Functioning Of Clients’ Homes, But
Also Reflect Each Client’s Personal Taste. A Home Is A Personal Space
And Excellent Residential Interior Design Personalizes The Designs Of
Homes.
For Example, An Interior Designer Could Have Several Homeowner
Clients That Live In The Same Complex Of Cookie Cutter
Condominiums. Effective Residential Design Would Ensure That Each
Condo Uniquely Fits The Homeowner As Much As Possible. The
Colour Scheme Is Likely To Be Different In Each Home As Is The
Function And Look At The Rooms.
Home Designs For Parents Of Young Children Are Different From
Residential Interior Design For Childless Layout Needs To Be Used
Quite Differently In Terms Of Function. Furniture In A Child’s
Bedroom Needs To Be Easily Person May Use The Extra Bedroom
Space As An Office Or Guest Bedroom.
Interior Designers Have Architectural Knowledge And Understand
The Construction Details Of Rooms. For Instance, If A Homeowner
Wants To Remove Walls To Create Large, More Open Living Spaces, A
Designer With Experience In Interior Residential Design Can Draw Up
A Plan For Completing The Project As Well As Make Suggestions For
Which Materials To Use. Residential Interior Designers Are Familiar
With Working Within Floor Plans And Building Codes. The
Understand Not Only The Architectural Details Of Windows, Doors
And Walls, But How These Affect A Home’s Overall Design.
An Interior Designer May Also Be An Architect. Both Architect And
Residential Interior Design Career Require A Good Understanding Of
Both Art And Science Since Building Design Must Be Efficient Usable
As Well As Stylish Attractive.

CASE STUDY
You are supposed to make a plan of a house. The land
area is 52’ X 62’ for a client Mr. Gupta who has four
members in his family. He is 44 yrs. old and his wife is 40
yrs. And two children's both are boys. Apart from the
basic need of house they asked for certain areas of their
house which are follows :
o Drawing Room
o Water body
o Children’s Bed Room
o Terrace Garden

SITE CONSIDERATION
• Location of India : India is located in ‘North-East’ direction
Longitude – 68⁰E to 98⁰E Latitude – 8⁰N to 37⁰N
• Climate of India :
The whole India has Tropical Monsoon Climate, since the
greater part of the country lies within the tropics and the
climate is influenced by the monsoon.
Map of India

• Location of Rajasthan: Rajasthan is located in ‘North-West’
direction Longitude – 69.5⁰E to 78⁰E Latitude – 23⁰N to 30⁰N.
• Climate of Rajasthan : Rajasthan is one of the hottest states of
India. In Rajasthan, climatic conditions vary throughout the
year. Rajasthan weather is usually hot and dry, yet one can see four
distinct seasons in this state. These can be classified as Summers,
Monsoons, Autumn (Post-monsoon) and Winters.
Map of Rajasthan

• Connectivity of the site to he main roads and sub-roads, to the
major landmarks like Railway Station, Bus Stop, Shopping Complex,
Hospital, etc. must be checked. Distance from the major landmark
such as :
1. Shopping Complex – 1.2 Km
2. Railway Station – 2.5Km
3. Hospital – 350m
4. Bus Stand – 1Km.
1.
Savitri College
2.
R.T.D.C
3.
Main Road
6.
Residential Zone
5.
Ajmer
Hospital
3.
MainRoad6.
Residential Zone
4.
Site
SITE PLAN SPECIFICATION
1.Savitri College
2.R.T.D.C
3.Main Road
4.Site
5.Ajmer Hospital
6.Residential Zone Site

MACROCLIMATE
It is the climate of a larger area such as region or a country. The
macroclimate around a building cannot be affected by any design
changes, however the building design can be developed with a
knowledge of the macroclimate in which the building is located.
After studying the climatic conditions and temperature of Ajmer, it is
found that:
• Ajmer has a typical desert climate which is hot and arid.
• Summers are hot with maximum temperature near 40⁰C whereas
the minimum temperature is nearly 23⁰C.
• Winters are cool with minimum temperature of 5⁰C.
• The region lies in the zone nearby to the Tropic of Cancer.
Map of Rajasthan With Longitude & Latitude

MICROCLIMATE
The variations in localized climate around a building. The site of a
building may have many microclimates caused by the presence of
hills, valleys, slopes, streams and other buildings. Dealing with the
micro elements of the site, it is found that:
• Summers are very hot and winters are quite cool.
• Low or less amount of rainfall.
• Apart from this, microclimate is in our control which we can change
according to the place.
Rajasthan Map Highlighting Ajmer
Map of Ajmer

BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN
Bioclimatic Design is an attempt to create comfortable conditions in
a building by understanding the microclimate used with ventilation,
day lighting, passive heating and cooling. Later bioclimatic design
was enlarged to include landscape, water and waste nutrients
recovery.
Bioclimatic Design Strategies: In winters the objectives of bioclimatic
design are to resist loss of heat from the building envelope and to
promote gain of solar heat. In summers these objectives are reversed
to resist solar gain and to promote loss of heat from the building
interior.
The strategies can be set forth as:
1. Place more windows in the south-west direction (windward
direction as per orientation).
2. Minimize the use of concrete flooring, instead use grass for
groundcover and landscape.
3. Construct a rainwater harvesting tank on the plot and collect the
rainwater of the whole site through drainage system.
4. Plant deciduous trees in south direction to act as wind break.
5. Construct a water body in south direction (wind entering the
house will be cold as it flows over the water body).
6. Construct cavity walls in place of exterior walls of the building
envelope (it prolongs the heating process of the house).

GREEN BUILDING DESIGN [L.E.E.D. CERTIFICATION]
The term Green Building and Sustainable Design are used
interchangeably to describe any building designed in an
environmentally sensitive manner. Green Building is governed by
standards such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
(L.E.E.D.). This provided a set of measurable criteria that promotes
environmentally sustainable construction and design. This system
was developed by United States Green Building Council (USGBC).
The LEED Rating System
• Sustainable Sites: Deals with reducing pollution associated with
constructional activities.
• Water Efficiency: Capturing rainwater and grey water for conveying
sewage and treating waste water.
• Energy and Atmosphere: Encourages efficiency of using energy.
Application of SMART GRID.
• Materials and Resources: We should maximize locally available
materials, recycled materials and reduce wastage.
• Indoor Environmental Quality: The design should promote
enhanced comfort productivity and wellbeing of building occupants
by improving indoor air quality, maximizing day lighting of interior
space and proper ventilation of space.
• Innovation and Design Process: When any design has been made
as per the requirements set by LEED and demonstrate innovative
performance is acceptable. If any designer comes up with the design
which exceeds the requirements of LEED is called Innovation in
Design Process.

BUILDING ORIENTATION
It is mandatory for a designer to understand the effects of sun and
wind over a building, in other words Orientation is positioning of a
building in relation to climatic variations in the sun’s paths well as
prevailing wind patterns. A good orientation can increase the energy
efficiency of a building making it more comfortable to live in and
cheaper to run.
The best orientation of a building from solar heat consideration
requires that the plan of the building is so laid that the building as a
whole receives maximum sun during the winter months, and avoid
excessive heat during the summer months. At the same time the
setting of the building should be such that the full advantage of the
wind can be taken to achieve the desirable air flow indoors. E North
South East West.

NORTH
1.Storage
2.Other Area
3.Garden Area
4.Bed Room
5.Library Area
6.Short Trees
EAST
1.Bed Room
2.Guest Bed Room
3.Bath Room
4.Living Room
5.Balcony
6.Kitchen
ORIENTATION OF THE SITE
WEST
EAST
SOUTH NORTH
Covered Area
Set Back
Set Back
Main Entrance
Storage
Garden Area
Bed Room
Short Trees
Stair case
Corridors
Storage
Bath Room
Guest Bed Room
Balcony
Kitchen
Living Room
Study Room
Water Body
Long Trees
TOP PLAN
S
e
t
B
a
c
k
S
e
t
B
a
c
k
SOUTH
1.Living Room
2.Kitchen
3.Dining
4.Study Room
5.Other Area
6.Water Body
7.Long Trees
WEST
1.Stair Case
2.Corridors
3.Storage

DAY LIGHT DESIGN
People like daylight. The variety and range of light and colour that we experience in a
forest grove engages all of our senses. Daylight design could aspire to the same
inspirational effect inside the house. Daylight can also be employed inside the house
to conserve energy and can enhance the visibility, the principle values of day lighting
are more intangible.
Many factors are involved with the use of day lighting in building:
1. Aesthetics: The play of light from windows to surface and textures casting
intersecting shadows, the endless variety of mod and appearances due to the
movement of the sun.
2. Psychological Response: The sense of wellbeing associated with daylight and sense
of orientation that comes with being connected with the exterior.
3. Health: Improves resistance to infections, skin disorders and cardiovascular
impairments.
4. Energy/Cost: Reduction in electricity use and related air conditioning load from
electric lighting.
Physiological Benefits of Day Lighting
1. Full Spectrum Lighting: It prevents rickets, helps keep the skin in a healthy
condition, is responsible for the production of Vitamin D in the body and destroys
germs.
2. Orientation: People inside the building who lose contact with the exteriors may
feel insecure about possible escape from fire. People are frustrated and distracted
when not able to sense what the weather is outside and to have some sense of
nature’s time.
Psychological Benefits of Day Lighting
1. Sunshine: The presence of direct sunshine in interior environment is one of the
strongest psychological benefits, as the evidence of a desire by most people for
some direct sun is strong.
2. View: In the techniques of admitting daylight into the building often go
together with windows, daylight and view. The best views are those that
include some sky, horizon and foreground. Broad horizontal windows are more
satisfying than narrow vertical windows, an optimal size being 20 to 30 percent
of the exterior wall. Narrow and tall windows are good for sunlight and broad
windows for the view.

Project Report Drawing Title Date of Submission Submitted to Submitted by
Residential Design
Basic Assignments 20th october,2016
www.dezyneecole.com
Yash Agarwal
B.Sc- ID + 1 Year Residential
Design Diploma
DayLighting Concept
Day Lighting In A Room of South Facing Orientation In The Month Of October.
8 A.M. 9 A.M. 10 A.M.
11 A.M. 12 NOON
1 P.M.
2 P.M. 3 P.M. 4 P.M.

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
www.dezyneecole.com
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
DayLighting Concept
Day Lighting Shown In Interiors Of The House In The Month Of October.
5 P.M.
7 A.M. 9 A.M. 11 A.M.
1 P.M. 3 P.M.
24th october,2016

VENTILATION
Ventilation may be defined as supply of fresh outside air into an
enclosed space or the removal of inside air from the enclosed space.
In other words, ventilation is the removal of all vitiated air from the
building and its replacement with fresh air, ventilation may be
achieved either by natural or by artificial means.
Ventilation is necessary for the following reasons:
1. Creation of air movement.
2. Prevention of undue accumulation of carbon dioxide.
3. Prevention of flammable concentration of gas vapour.
4. Prevention of accumulation of dust and bacteria carrying particles.
5. Prevention of odour caused by decomposition of building material.
6. Removal of heat generated/liberated by the occupants.
Functional Requirements of Ventilation System From the point of
view of human comfort, ventilation systems should meet the
following requirements:
1. Air Changes: In an enclosed space, where people are working or
living, air has to be moved or changed to cause proper ventilation.
The minimum rate of air change is one per hour and maximum is
sixty per hour.
2. Humidity: Air contains certain amount of water vapour in it.
Relative Humidity is defined as the ratio of water vapour present in
the air to the amount of water vapour if the air were saturated at the
same temperature.
3. Quality of Air: The ventilating air should be free from impurities,
odours, organic matter and inorganic dust or gases.
4. Effective Temperature: It is desirable that the incoming ventilation
air should be cool in summer and warm in winter, before it enters the
room.

Systems of Ventilation Systems of ventilation can be divided into
two categories:
1.Natural Ventilation: It is the one in which ventilation is effected by
the elaborated use of doors, windows, ventilators and skylights. It is
usually considered suitable for residential buildings and small
houses. The rate of ventilation depends on two effects:
a) Wind Effect
b) Stack Effect ventilation
2. Mechanical Ventilation: It is the one in which some mechanical
arrangements are made to increase the air flow. The system is
preferred for large buildings, assembly halls, factories, theatres etc.

WINDOWS
A window may be defined as an opening made in a wall for the
purpose of providing daylight, vision and ventilation. Window
consists of window frame and shutter.
The selection of size, shape, location and number of windows to be
provided in a room depends upon the following considerations:
1. Size of room to be lighted
2. Location of the room and its utility
3. Architectural treatment is to be given to the building
4. Direction of wind and its speed
5. Climatic conditions of the site such as humidity, temperature
variation etc.
Design of Windows The points to be kept in view while making
provision for window in a room are:
1. The size and number of windows should be sufficient to provide
adequate light and ventilation in the room.
2. Windows should be located opposite to each other wherever
possible
3. The window sill should be placed at 75 to 100cm above the floor
level.
4. Buildings in humid region need special attention for adequate
ventilation of the room.
5. The shutter of windows in external wall should open outside.
6. All external windows, especially the ones on ground floor, should
be provided with mild steel round or square bars or steel grills to
safeguard against theft.
7. windows in external wall should be provided with Chajja
projections to prevent the entry of the rainwater in the room

Sill
Rail
Style
Frame
Head
Hold fast
Panel
Horn
www.dezyneecole.comWindows
TECHNICAL TERMS
WINDOW DETAILING
SASH: this is a special type of frame,
made of light sections designed to
carry glass.
MULLION: this is a vertical member
which is employed to sub-divide a
window or a door opening vertically.
TRANSOM: this is a horizontal member
which is employed to sub-divide a
window opening horizontally.
LOUVER: this is a piece of timber which
is fixed in an inclined position within a
frame.
JAMB: the vertical wall face of an
opening which supports the frame of
door and window.
REVEAL: the external jamb of a door or
a window opening at right angle to the
wall face.
REBATE: the depression or recess
made inside the door frame to receive
the door shutter.
PUTTY: this is a mixture of linseed oil
and whiting chalk. It is used for fixing
glass panels.
ARCHITRAVE: this is a strip of wood
usually moulded or splayed, which is
fixed around the sides and head of
openings. It thus helps in giving a
decent appearance to the joint of
frame with masonry. It is used only
when doors and windows are placed
flush with the face of masonry.
22nd March, 2017
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Residential Design
Basic Assignments

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
www.dezyneecole.com
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Windows
4’
Sill level 3’
10’
Centered window
3D Image
Top PlanIsometric view
4th April, 2017

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
www.dezyneecole.com
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Windows
3D Image
Top Plan
2 corner window
Sill level 1’6”
6’
Isometric view
10’
4th April, 2017

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
www.dezyneecole.com
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Windows
3D Image
Top Plan
4 corner window
Sill level 6”
6’
Isometric view
10’
4th April, 2017

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
24th November,2016
www.dezyneecole.com
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Windows
3D Image
Top Plan
Box window ( Sill Level 18”)
Isometric view
Sill level 1’6”
10’
6’

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
www.dezyneecole.com
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Windows
3D Image
Top Plan
Box window ( Sill Level 3‘)
Isometric view
Sill level 3’
10’
6’
4th April, 2017

www.dezyneecole.comWindows
PIVOTED WINDOW
The shutters are allowed to swing
round the pivots. The frame of a
pivoted window is just similar to
casement window except that no
rebates are provided. The windows
may be vertically or horizontally
pivoted.
FRONT ELEVATION OF VERTICALLY
PIVOTED WINDOWS
FRONT ELEVATION HORIZONTALLY
PIVOTED WINDOWS
TOP PLAN TOP PLAN
Frame
Pivot
Pivot
Pivot
Shutter
Pivot
Shutter
Frame
Pivot
Shutter
Frame
Pivot
30th March, 2017
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Residential Design
Basic Assignments

www.dezyneecole.com
LANTERNS OR LANTERN
LIGHTS
These are the windows which are
fixed on flat roofs to provide light
to the inner portion of the building
where light coming from the
windows in the external walls is
insufficient. They may be square or
rectangular or curved. The glass
panels are generally fixed, but if
ventilation is also required in
addition o lights, the pivoted
windows may be provided.
SKYLIGHTS
These are the windows provided
on the sloping roofs of the pitched
roof meant for light, they are
usually provided with the fixed
glass panels. The common rafters
are suitable trimmed and the
skylight is erected on a curb frame.
FRONT ELEVATION OF LANTERNS OR
LANTERN LIGHTS
FRONT ELEVATION OF SKYLIGHTS
PLAN OF LANTERNS OR LANTERN
LIGHTS
Flat
roof
Lantern
light
Curbing
Lead
gutter
Top
rail
Putty
Copper
clip
Curb
frame
Common
rafter
Trimming
piece
1st April, 2017
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Residential Design
Basic Assignments
Windows

www.dezyneecole.com
Mosquito-proofing
Windows
FRONT ELEVATION OF MOSQUITO-
PROOF PIVOT-HUNG VENTILATOR
FRONT ELEVATION OF MOSQUITO-
PROOF TOP-HUNG VENTILATOR
VENTILATORS
In case of ventilators, the
mosquito-proofing is achieved by
providing wire gauge on a steel
frame in the area under the
command of a ventilator.
Inside
Wire
gauge
Outside Inside
Wall
Pivot
Wall
Outside
Wire
gauge
Pivot
4th April, 2017
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Residential Design
Basic Assignments

TOPOGRAPHY
Topography refers to the configuration surface features of a plot of
land, which influences where and how to build and develop a site.
The microclimate of a site is influenced by the ground elevation, the
nature and orientation of landforms, and the presence of bodies of
water.
•Solar radiations warms southern slopes, creating a temperate zone.
•Daytime breezes, which replace updrafts of warm air overland can
have a cooling effect of up to 10⁰F (5.6⁰C).
•Grass and other groundcovers tend to lower ground temperatures
by absorbing solar radiation and encouraging cooling by evaporation.
•Hard surfaces tend to elevate ground temperatures.
•Light colour surfaces reflect solar radiation, dark surfaces absorb
and retain the radiation.
Large bodies of water:
•Act as heat reservoirs and moderate variations in local temperature.
•Are generally cooler than land during the day and warmer at night,
generating offshore breezes.
•Are generally warmer than land in winter and cooler in summer.
•In hot-dry climates, even small bodies of water are desirable, both
psychologically and physically, for their evaporative cooling effect.

LANDSCAPE
Landscape design is the art of arranging or modifying the features of
a landscape, an urban area etc. for aesthetic or practical purpose. It
is divided into: Hardscape design and Softscape design.
Elements of Landscape Design
1.Line: Line in landscape is created by the edge between two
materials. Lines are a powerful tool for the designer because they
can be used to create an infinite shapes and forms and they control
movement of the eye and the body.
Types of Lines:
I. Straight Lines
a)Vertical Line
b) Horizontal Line
II. Curved Lines
a)Deep Curves
b) Soft Curves landscape
2.Shape & Form: Form Shape is created by an outline that encloses a
space, and form is the three dimensional mass of that shape. Formal
geometry forms include circles, squares and polygons. Informal
naturalistic forms include meandering lines, organic edges and
fragmented edges.
Types of Forms:
I. Geometric Forms
a)Circular Forms
b) Square Forms
c) Irregular Forms
II. Naturalistic Forms
a)Meandering Lines
b) Organic Edges

3.Texture: Texture refers to how coarse of fine the surface of the
plant or hardscape material feels or looks. Texture is used to provide
variety, interest and contrast.
Types of Textures:
a)Coarse Texture
b) Fine Texture
c) Medium Texture
d) Color
4.Color: Color in plant, material and hardscape adds interest and
variety to the landscape. The use of color is guided by color theory to
create color schemes.
The basic color schemes are:
a) Monochromatic Scheme
b) Analogous Scheme
c)Complementary Scheme
5.Visual Weight: Visual Weight is the concept that combinations of
certain features have more importance in the composition based on
mass and contrast.

Principles of Landscape:
1. Balance: Balance is the design principle that creates a layout that
is visually pleasing
I. Symmetrical Balance
II. Asymmetrical Balance
III. Radial Balance
2. Transition: Transition or sequence gradually changes patterns in
the element to assist in easy visual movement across the landscape.
3. Proportion: Proportion means carefully selecting materials that
are appropriately sized for the landscape and its purpose.
4. Rhythm: Rhythm gives a landscape design a feeling of natural
movement through the use of natural elements and careful
repetition. Group of plants can create rhythm within the
environment.
5. Focalization: The most important aspect of landscape design is
creating and emphasizing a point of focalization which sets the tone
and arrangement for the rest of the outdoor area.
6. Repetition: Careful repetition is an essential principle of landscape
design. Too much repetition can destroy the atmosphere of an
outdoor area by creating a dull appearance but appropriate
repetition of similar plants, color and textures bring a uniform,
blended look to the landscape.

UNIVERSAL DESIGN
The goal of universal design could be said as create buildings, places
and details that provide A supportive environment to the largest
number of individuals throughout life’s variety of changing
circumstances.
Accessible design is the design that meets standards that allow people
with disabilities to enjoy a minimum level of access to environments
and products. By understanding the physical implications of these
board groups of disabling conditions designers can understand the
criteria in the building codes and standards.
• Sensory impairments: design of information systems. This includes
vision, hearing and speech impairments including total and partial loss
of function and leads us to the design recommendation for redundancy
of communication media so that everyone can express themselves over
communication systems. For example- reinforcing both lighting and
circulation cues.
• Dexterity impairments: design of operating controls and hardware
This includes people with limitations in the use of their hands and
fingers I.E., The “closed fist rule”. This addresses the location of
equipment and controls so that they are within the range of people on
wheelchairs and those who are short stature.
• Mobility impairments: space and circulation systems This includes
people who use walkers, crutches, canes and wheelchairs and also for
those who have difficulty in climbing stairs or going long distances. The
t-turn and 5 ft. (1.52m) diameter turning area is provided for evaluating
the criteria

CONCEPT OF UNIVERSAL DESIGN
A designer must listen to and hear from perceptive spokespeople who
can articulate the needs and responses of :
• People of all stages of life who have difficulty with mobility, lighting
distractions and disorientation at transition points in A building.
• People on wheel-chairs and other physical differences.
• People with visual and aural impairments.
• People under the conditions of emergency.
• Persons who maintain and service our buildings, carrying heavy loads
or their potential impediments to safe travel. Universal; design reviews
may require alternative media including three dimensional models,
virtual reality simulations and full scale mock up prototypes.

ANTHROPOMETRICS
Interior design is all about space and people. To make a building
architecturally successful, the link between the space and inhabitant of
that space is very important.
No space can be designed without the information oh human
dimensions. The link has to be established in many ways– Physical,
Psychological, emotional and much more.
Physical link related to physical comfort and the need of the
inhabitants to Fulfill various activities in a certain space. If we take
various units in residential buildings we can start applying those
anthropometric data and find out the space required for various units
like sofa seating, wall unit access, dining, kitchen, beds and powder
room etc.
Ergonomics: Ergonomics is the scientific discipline concerned with the
understanding of interactions among human and other elements of
system & profession that applies theory, principles, data & methods to
design in order to optimize well being and overall system performance.

SOFA SEATING MALES
A
A
F
D D DC
C
B
B
C
E
C DD
OVERALL SOFA LENGTH/SEATING FOR TWO MEN
OVERALL SOFA LENGTH/SEATING FOR THREE MEN
Dimensions for males in order to
determine how much space the seated
body requires. Here it deals with the,
95 percentile data. Allowing clothing
and some body movement as well as
change in posture and position. In
spaces where seating is to be used by
both sexes, the larger dimensions
should apply.
Code In cm
A 42-48 106.7-121.9
B 6-9 15.6-22.9
C 3-6 7.6-15.2
D 28 71.1
E 62-68 157.5-172.7
F 90-96 228.6-243.8
G 40-46 101.6-116.8
H 26 66.0
I 58-64 147.3-162.6
J 84-90 213.4-228.6
LIVING SPACES

Code In cm
A 42-48 106.7-121.9
B 6-9 15.6-22.9
C 3-6 7.6-15.2
D 28 71.1
E 62-68 157.5-172.7
F 90-96 228.6-243.8
G 40-46 101.6-116.8
COOKING SPACES
G
F
A
B
B
C
D
Wall oven
Minimum clearance between
appliances
Minimumspace
requiredforeitherside
ofRange
Minimum
counterspace
requiredtoone
sideofoven
Range Work zone
WallovenWorkzone
To often in calculating the no. of people to
be accommodate around the table, the
designer relies exclusively on plastic
furniture templates or on the application of
a 24” to center chair spacing, instead of
considering the maximum body breadth of
the person of larger body size, the fact hat
the elbows may be extended, and finally,
the size of place setting itself. To ensure a
proper interface between the human body
and the table during the dining process, not
only the anthropometric considerations

SLEEPING SPACES
C
O
N
P
R J
Single bed
Eye level seated position
Eye level standing position
Window sill
Code In cm
A 2.5 6.4
B 7.5 19.1
C 84 213.4
D 78 198.1
E 6 15.2
F 7-8 17.8-20.3
G 44-46 111.8-116.8
H 4-5 10.2-12.7
I 1-2 2.5-5.1
J 36 91.4
K 48 121.9
L 39 99.1
M 54 137.2
N 60 152.4
O 70 177.8
P 16 40.6
Q 22 55.9
R 30 76.2
To converse space,underbed storage may
be used in many instances. In such
situations, it is essential that adequate
clearance be provided between the bed
and the wall or the nearest physical
obstruction to ensure comfortable
access.
As indicated in the bottom drawing, a
clearance of 46 to 62 in should be
adequate to accommodate the human
body in a kneeling position as well as the
projection of a partially extended drawer.

E F
C D
B
A
G
Shoe shelf
High
shelf High
shelf
Shoe shelf
E
C D
F
G
H
I
Code In cm
A 108-114 274.3-289.6
B 36-39 91.4-99.1
C 36 91.4
D 18-22 45.7-55.9
E 30 76.2
F 82-131 208.3-332.7
G 46-62 116.8-157.2
CLOSETS SPACES
Closet space is designed according to
human needs, preferences. Vertical
clearance related to male and female
closet and storage facilities is considered.
The closet shelf should be within human
reach wherever is possible. The height of
the high shelf has been established based
on fifth percentile male and female data
order to place it within reach of
individuals of smaller body size. The
location of the shelf just above the rod is
essentially a function of rod height. The
clearance between the bottom of the
shelf and the top of the rod should allow
for easy removal of the hanger.

PLANNING CONSIDERATION
To design any living area, proper planning and brain storming needs to
be done. The planning phase of any residence is the most important
phase because this leads to the development of the structure of the
house based on the shape and form.
The design must B planned based on the needs of the person. Being an
interior designer, one has to see that our design has to be functional so
that the person can feel and enjoy to live in the space. In India, we have
a climate which is hot and dry throughout the year and the sun shines
brightly the whole year with winter months being less.
To devise A proper design one must see the outside building envelope
along with the interior space to meet the client requirements, now,
according to this, I have to devise A plan for living area. While planning
anything for living areas one must consider the size and the location of
the plot. At time the area of the plot is given, we need to fond (length X
width) (here I am assuming A rectangular living room). It is always
advisable to visit the location of the plot. Firstly, we have to put the
magnetic compass at the centre of the plot. Then, check with the four
directions (I.E., North-south-east-west) of the plot. While designing we
have to take care of utilizing maximum sunlight in the house and then
locate the activities which requires energy and happiness between the
four direction.

LOUIS KAHN PRINCIPLES
Every human being has a different personality that consist of one or more
characteristics. Their personalities react differently in different
environment or with different people. Every space has its own personality
with several spatial characters that differ by projects. These characters
cause the space to interact with other spaces in a certain manner. These
characteristics can be categorized as seven expressions oh human
behaviour.
1.LEADER: Leader means a person who leads and forms group of following.
In planning living room can be characterized as leader.
2. GROUPING: The space which carry the same character with other
spaces is called grouping. In planning living room, kitchen and dining are
grouped together as they have the same character.
3. LONER: Loner is a place which requires more privacy of sound and site &
avoids social interactions. This character is preferred by the master
bedroom. So it needs to be distanced from living, kitchen and dining.

4. SERVANT: A space which serves other spaces in someway needs to be
adjacent to them. Servant needs to be near the master. Rest room plays a
servant character.
5. WORKER: A space that often supplies other spaces is called as worker. It
is not necessary that the space should be adjacent to the other spaces. A
service area usually has a worker character as a janitor room.
6. WATCHER: This space needs to be located beside the boundary of
project for environmental attraction. The attractions can be different types
of environmental conditions like view, park etc.
7. OUTREACHING: This space character is located near the entrance or
corridor for meeting or activities that relate to outreaching. This type of
space represent as a welcome space.

TYPES OF RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Residential Buildings
Top Plan Of Detached House Isometric View Of Detached House
Detached House-It is usual tendency of any family to have a house surrounded by its own land. This had led to the formation of detached
houses. The design of a detached house can be made considering the individual requirements of the family to be accommodated in that
house. Sufficient margins are left on sides, front and rear. It may also include amenities such as private garden, swimming pool, etc.
Plot
Road
Detached House

Residential Design
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Yash Agarwal
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Top Plan Of Semi-Detached House Isometric View Of Semi-Detached House
Semi-Detached House-A common boundary Wall In the form of structural barriers divides an independent plot into two units. Such a
construction helps in securing many advantages of the detached type of houses and in addition, economy may be achieved by sharing
expenses of common amenities such as waterlines, drainage lines, electric cables, etc.
Road
Plot Plot
Semi-Detached
House
Semi-Detached
House

Residential Design
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Top Plan Of Row Houses Isometric View Of Row Houses
Row Of Houses-For providing reasonable accommodation to the laborers or workers, a row of houses with minimum requirements such as
living room and kitchen, may be constructed. It may be single storeyed or two- storeyed. The row-housing yields more net residential density
and it is preferred for the low – income group of families
Road
Plot
Plot
1 2 3
1 2 3 4
4
Common Wall
Road

Residential Design
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Top Plan Of Apartments / Flats Isometric View Of Apartments/Flats
Apartments/Flats-Due to tendency of migration by village population to cities, there is considerable rise in the price of city land and hence,
it has become practically impossible even for the higher class of the society to have a detached house in a thickly populated city area. This has
led to the conception of apartments or flats. An apartment or a flat consist of three to ten storeys and each floor or storey may accommodate
two or six flats or apartments.
Road
Plot
Common Wall
Lift Lift
Flat 1 Flat 2 Flat 3 Flat 4
UP
UP
DW
DW

Residential Design
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Top Plan Of Duplex Type Apartments Isometric View Of Duplex Type Apartment
Duplex Type Apartments-Duple is an Apartment having rooms on two adjoining floors connected by an internal staircase. In mutli-
storeyed buildings, these can be so arranged that corridors fall on alternate floor or even beyond. Along with good elevation split level has
advantage of privacy, more air and light and more internal space with the vertical movement from adjacent levels of only half the height of
floor to ceiling.
Road
Ground
floor
Road
1st floor
UP

PLANE :
o HORIZONTAL ELEMENTS DEFINING SPACE
o VERTICAL ELEMENTS DEFING SPACE
o OPENING WITHIN &BETWEEN PLANES

Residential Design
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Types of Plans 26th August, 2016
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Design Diploma
Overhead Plane- The overhead plane
cab be either the roof plane that spans
and shelters the interior spaces of a
building from the climatic elements, or
the ceiling plane that forms the upper
enclosing surface of a room.
Wall Plane- The wall plane, because of
its vertical orientation, is active in our
normal field of vision and vital to the
shaping and enclosure of architectural
space.
Base Plane- The base plane can be either the
ground plane that serves as the physical foundation
and a visual base for building forms, or the floor
plane that forms the lower enclosing surface of a
room upon which we walk
PLAN

Residential Design
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B.Sc.- ID + 1 Year Residential
Design Diploma
Base plan- A horizontal plane
laying as a figure on a
contrasting background defines
a simple field of space. This field
can be visually reinforced in the
following ways
Elevated Base plan- A
horizontal plane elevated above
the ground plane establishes
vertical surfaces along its edges
that reinforce the visual
separation between its field and
the surrounding ground.
Examples of Base plan
Examples of Elevated Base plan
Horizontal elements
defining space

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
Horizontal elements
defining space
27th August, 2016
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Yash Agarwal
B.Sc.- ID + 1 Year Residential
Design Diploma
Depressed Base plan- A
horizontal plane depressed into
the ground plane utilizes the
vertical surfaces of the lowered
area to define a volume of space.
Overhead plan- A horizontal
plane located overhead defines a
volume of space between itself
and the ground plane.
Examples of Depressed Base plan
Examples of Overhead plan

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
Vertical Elements
Defining Space
30th August ,2016
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Vertical linear
elements- Vertical
linear elements define
the perpendicular edges
of a volume of space.
Single Vertical Plane- A
single vertical plane
articulates the space on
which it fronts.
L-shaped Plane- An L-
shaped configuration of
vertical planes generates
a field of space from its
corner outward along a
diagonal axis.
Top plan
Top plan
Top plan
Front ViewIsometric
View
Isometric
View
Isometric
View
Front View
Front View

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
Vertical Elements
Defining Space
30th August,2016
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Yash Agarwal
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Parallel Planes- Two
parallel vertical planes
define a volume of space
between them that is
oriented toward both open
ends of the configuration
U-shaped Plane- A u-
shaped configuration of
vertical planes define a
volume of space that is
oriented primarily toward
the open end of
configuration.
Four Planes- Four
verticals planes establish
the boundaries of an
introverted space and
influence the field of space
around the enclosure.
Top plan
Top plan
Top plan
Isometric
View
Isometric
View
Isometric
View
Front View
Front View
Front View

Residential Design
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Openings in space-
defining elements
5th september,2016
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Design Diploma
BETWEEN PLANES
An opening can be extended vertically between the floor and ceiling planes or horizontally between two wall planes. It can grow in
size to occupy an entire wall of a space.
Skylight¾ opening Window-Wall
Vertical Horizontal

Residential Design
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Openings with in
planes
6th September ,2016
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Multiple openings
may be clustered to
form a unified
composition within a
plane, or be staggered
or dispersed to create
visual movement
along the surface of
the plane.
As an opening within a
plane increases in size,
it will at some point
cease to be a figure
within an enclosing
field and became
instead a positive
element in itself, a
transparent plane
bounded by a heavy
frame.
Openings within
planes naturally
appear brighter than
their adjacent
surfaces. If the
contrast in brightness
along becomes
excessive, the surfaces
can be illuminated by
a second light source
from within the space.

Residential Design
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Openings between
Planes
6th September ,2016
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Turning a corner with a
horizontal opening
reinforces the
horizontal layering of a
space and broadens the
panoramic view from
within the space. If the
opening continues
around the space, it will
visually lift the ceiling
plane from the wall
planes, isolate it, and
gave it a feeling of
lightness.
Locating a linear skylight
along the edge where a
wall and ceiling plane
meet allows incoming
light to wash the surface
of the wall, illuminate it,
and enhance the
brightness of the space.
The from of the skylight
can be manipulated to
capture direct sunlight,
indirect daylight, or a
combination of both.

Building
constructions
4 march, 2017 Dezyne E’cole College
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Stairs
In case of turning stairs, the flights
take turn. Diagram is showing one
of type of turning stairs named
quarter- turn stairs. This type of
stairs turn through right angle.
TURNING STAIRS
Landing
TOP PLAN STAIRS
ELEVATION OF STAIRS ISOMETRIC VIEW OF STAIRS
ELEVATION OF STAIRS
Riser
Up
First floor
Ground level
Down
Riser
Landing
Riser
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma

Building
constructions
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Stairs
In case of turning stairs, the flights
take turn. Diagram is showing one
of type of turning stairs named
bifurcated stair. It is branched into
two flights at a landing. This type of
stair is commonly used in the public
buildings near their entrance hall.
The stair has a wider flight at the
bottom which bifurcates into the
narrower flights at the landing- one
turning to the left and the other to
the right.
BIFURCATED STAIRS
Landing
TOP PLAN STAIRS
ELEVATION OF STAIRS
Down Down
Tread
First floor
Ground level
Tread
Riser
Landing
Riser
Landing
Landing
Tread
Riser
Up
4th March, 2017
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma

Building
constructions
www.dezyneecole.com
Stairs
A stair turning through two right
angles is known as a half-turn stair.
A half-turn stair may be of dog-
legged type or open
newel type. In case of an open
newel stair, there is well or hole or
opening between the flights in plan.
This well may be rectangular or of
any geometrical shape and it can be
used for fixing lift. These stairs
useful where available space for
staircase has a width greater than
the width of steps.
HALF-TURN STAIRS
Winders
Open geometrical
well
TOP PLAN STAIRS
ELEVATION OF STAIRSUp
Down
Tread
Riser
First floor
Ground level
Tread
Riser
Landing
Tread
Riser
4th March, 2017
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma

Building
constructions
www.dezyneecole.com
Stairs
A stair turning through two right
angles is known as a half-turn stair.
A half-turn stair may be of dog-
legged type or open
newel type. In case of an open
newel stair, there is well or hole or
opening between the flights in plan.
This well may be rectangular or of
any geometrical shape and it can be
used for fixing lift. These stairs
useful where available space for
staircase has a width greater than
the width of steps.
HALF-TURN STAIRS
Landing Landing
Opengeometricalwell
TOP PLAN STAIRS
ELEVATION OF STAIRS
Up
Down
Tread
Riser
First floor
Ground level
Landing
Landing
Landing
Tread
Riser
Tread
Riser
6th March, 2017
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma

Building
constructions
www.dezyneecole.com
Stairs
Circular or helical or spiral stairs is a
type of stair where steps radiate
from the centre and they do not
have either any landing or any
intermediate newel post. In diagram
the height of the floor and rise
respectively 3.68m and 160mm.
The steps radiate at an angle of 30
degree from the core. The
headroom is 2.08m and the width
of stair is 2m.
CIRCULAR OR HELICAL OR
SPIRAL STAIRS
Central core
Floor
30
TOP PLAN STAIRS
Riser
Central core
Tread
Riser
Central core
Tread
6th March, 2017
Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
10th october,2016
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Approach Types
Approach Types
Frontal
A frontal approach leads directly to the
entrance of a building along a straight,
axial path. The visual goal that
terminates the approach Is clear, it may
be the entire front facade of a building
o an elaborated entrance within the
plane
Top Plan 3 view

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Approach Types
Oblique
An oblique approach enhances the
effect of perspective on the front
façade and form of a building. The path
can be redirected one or more times to
delay and prolong the sequence of the
approach. If a building is approached at
an extreme angle, its entrance can
project beyond its facade to be more
clearly visible.
Top Plan 3D view

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
10th october,2016
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Yash Agarwal
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Approach Types
Spiral
A spiral path prolongs the
sequence and emphasizes the
three-dimensional form of a
building as we move around its
perimeter. The building entrance
might be viewed intermittently
during the approach to clarify its
position or it may be hidden until
the point of arrival.
Top Plan 3D view

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
15th November,2016
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Building Bye-laws
Bye laws- A bye-law is a local law framed by a subordinate authority. The buildings codes is bye laws as the standards and specification designed to
great minimum safeguards to the workers during construction; to the health and comfort of users; and to provide enough safety to the public in
general.
An order prescribed is known as the regulation, while the law of a local authority is known as bye-law. Bye law is supplementary law or regulation
Top Plan Isometric View
SET BACK
GARDENPARKING
S
E
T
B
A
C
K
BUILT-UP AREA
S
E
T
B
A
C
K
10’

Residential Design
Basic Assignments
15th November,2016
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Yash Agarwal
Design Diploma
Building Bye-laws
The bye-laws and regulations govern the
following building aspects:
1) Set back or building Line
2) Floor space index or built up area
3) Open space requirements around the building.
4) Size of the room.
5) Height of room and building.
6) Lightings and ventilation of room
7) Water supply and sanitary provisions
8) Structural design or sizes and sections
Set Back
Open space
Lightings &
ventilation
Height

BRAIN STROMING
Need’s chart
Bubble Diagram
Final Plan

Living Room
17’ X 14’
Drawing Room
14’ X 11’
Powder Room
7’ x 5’
Kitchen
13’ x 9’
Dining Area
12’ x 8’
Vestibule
7’ x 6’
Garden Area
44’ X 11’
Parking Area
21’ x 18’
Verandah
14’ X 5’
UP
UP
DN
South facing Garden area of
484 sq. ft., Garden is in
south side so I have given
here a water body , which
will give cool air and also
work as a welcoming point
on the pedestal entrance.
And the main role of
landscape here is to absorb
the heat and make inside
house cool.
East facing Drawing
room of 154 sq. ft.; its
entrance is near the
vestibule. I have given
here a simple three
seated sofa, a couch , a
square coffee table
with bench like
ottoman. Its main
focusing point is the
full wall bi-fold doors
which is connected
with the outside
verandah.
South facing living room of
238 sq. ft.; the living fully
performs its role of watcher
in this plan. It is situated in
middle of the house
connected with the outside
greenery, with kitchen
dining and with powder
room. The living is informal
yet simple space with
comfortable seating and
ample natural light
streaming in from large
window.
South facing kitchen of 117
sq. ft. and informal Dining
table of 96 sq. ft.; The dining
area is adjacent to kitchen.
Near the dining, a sliding
door open up to the garden
so that there is a view of
greenery and a corner
window in the kitchen
through which it will be
lighted up all day with
breeze, and outdoor views.
Powder room of 35 sq.
ft.; which is connected
to all the space areas
of the ground floor.
I have given a lavish
wash basin. On the left
side of it there is a
bamboo’s partition and
on right side I have
given the powder room.
This compact wash
basin is near to the
dining area .
Covered Area
Uncovered Area
Furniture
Stairs
WindowWall
Colour Coding Legend
Key plan Number
1.
2.
5. 6.
7.
8.
9.
3.
4.
1. Parking
2. Outside sitting area
3. Water body
4. Garden
5. Vestibule
6. Drawing room
7. Living room
8. Powder room
9. Kitchen & Dining
DETAIL
LAYOUT
Project Report Site Location Drawing Title Project Detail Design ByDate
Residential Planning
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Detail Layout
(Ground Floor)
Plot Size – 62’ X 52’
Area – 3224 Sq. Ft.
23rd May ‘ 2017
Yash Agarwal ,B.Sc. ID + 1 Year Residential
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
GROUND FLOOR DETAIL TOP PLAN
N

Covered Area Furniture
Stairs
Window
Wall
Key plan Number
1. Children Bed room (Boy)
2. Walk-In Closet & Bathroom
3. Balcony
4. Master Bed room
5. Walk-in closet & Bathroom
6. Terrace Garden
7. Children Bed Room
8. Walk-in Closet
9. Cut out
DETAIL
LAYOUTChildren bedroom of 401
sq. ft. with attached walk in
closet with bathroom and a
balcony which is having
view of ground floor
garden. Because this room
is for a teenager boy so I
also have given here a
study table too.
Bathroom
11’ x 9’
Terrace Garden
14’ x 10’
Master Bed Room
21’ x 18’
Bathroom
11’ x 6’
Bathroom
8’ X 7’
Children
Bed Room
14’ x 13’
Balcony
14’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
9’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
7’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
7’ x 6’
Children
Bed Room
16’ x 14’
Master bedroom of 522 sq.
ft.; as the role of the master
room is loner so I have
placed the room in the
corner but having the
connectivity with the
children's bedrooms. The
spacious master bed room is
fully filled with natural light
from large windows and an
adjoining terrace garden. I
have placed furniture items
like love seat near the sliding
doors of terrace garden, a
computer table in the room.
The room is attached with
the walk in closet and the
bathroom.
Children bedroom of 401
sq. ft. with attached walk in
closet and bathroom.
Because it is for an
teenager boy I have given
here a study table with the
view of terrace garden and
the room is having
connectivity with the
terrace garden too.
On the first floor there is
a cut out so that there is
a connection between
ground and first floor.
And on the sides of stairs
I have given large fixed
windows so that sunlight
enters on the floors.
1.
2.
5.
6.
7.
8.
3.
4.
Terrace Garden
9.
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Detail Layout
(First Floor)
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
FIRST FLOOR DETAIL TOP PLAN
N

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Circulation Layout
(Ground Floor)
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
UP
Entrance
CIRCULATION
LAYOUT
Garden Parking
Vestibule
Drawing
room
Verandah
Powder
room
Living
room
Kitchen
Dining
Garden
Stairs
Main EntranceSecondary Entrance
Living Room
17’ X 14’
Drawing Room
14’ X 11’
Powder Room
7’ x 5’
Kitchen
13’ x 9’
Dining Area
12’ x 8’
Vestibule
7’ x 6’
Garden Area
44’ X 11’
Parking Area
21’ x 18’
Verandah
14’ X 5’
GROUND FLOOR CIRCULATION TOP PLAN
Ground Floor Circulation Bubble Diagram
This Layout follows the principles of
Louis Kahn

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Circulation Layout
(First Floor)
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
UP
CIRCULATION
LAYOUT
First Floor Circulation Bubble Diagram
Stairs
Child
Bedroom
Walk-in
closet +
Bathroom
Walk-in
closet +
Bathroom
Walk-in
closet +
Bathroom
balcony
Child
Bedroom
Master
Bedroom
Garden
Bathroom
11’ x 9’
Terrace Garden
14’ x 10’
Master Bed Room
21’ x 18’
Bathroom
11’ x 6’
Bathroom
8’ X 7’
Children
Bed Room
14’ x 13’
Balcony
14’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
9’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
7’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
7’ x 6’
Children
Bed Room
16’ x 14’
FIRST FLOOR CIRCULATION TOP PLAN
This Layout follows the principles of
Louis Kahn

D1
Living Room
17’ X 14’
Drawing Room
14’ X 11’
Powder Room
7’ x 5’
Kitchen
13’ x 9’
Dining Area
12’ x 8’
Vestibule
7’ x 6’
Garden Area
44’ X 11’
Parking Area
21’ x 18’
Verandah
14’ X 5’
UP
UP
UP
Ground Floor Furniture Legend
S.no. Code Type Size Area
1 D1 Single Door 6’ Wide Secondary Entrance
2 D2 Sliding Door 12’ wide Main Entrance
3 D3 Double Door 7’ X 4’ Vestibule
4 D4 Bi-Fold Door 7’ X 12’ Drawing Room
5 D5 Single Door 7’ X 3’ Powder Room
6 D6 Sliding Glass Door 7’ X 6’ Kitchen & Dining
7 W1 Picture Window 5’ X 6’ Vestibule
8 W2 Casement Window 4’ X 3’ Drawing Room
9 W3 Casement Window 4’ X 3’ Drawing Room
10 W4 Picture Window 5’ X 2’ Living Room
11 W5 Picture Window 5’ X 2’ Living Room
12 W6 Sliding widow 6’ X 4’ Living Room
13 W7 Corner Casement window 3’ X 2’6” Kitchen
14 W8 Picture Window 6’ X 4’ Stairs
15 V1 Louvered Window 2’ X 1’ Powder Room
GROUND FLOOR DOORS AND WINDOWS TOP PLAN
Ground Floor Doors & Windows Legend
DN
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Doors & Windows Layout
(Ground Floor)
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
D3
D2
D4
D5
D6
W1
W4
W3
W5
W6
W7 W8
V1
W2
Windows
Doors
W9

D1
S.no. Code Type Size Area
1 D1 Single Door 7’ X 3’ Child Bed Room 1
2 D2 Single Door 7’ X 3’ Balcony
3 D3 Single Door 7’ X 2’6” Walk-In Closet
4 D4 Single Door 7’ X 2’6” Bath Room
5 D5 Single Door 7’ X 3’ Child Bed Room 2
6 D6 Single Door 7’ X 2’6” Bath Room
7 D7 Single Door 7’ X 3’ Master Bed Room
8 D8 Single Door 7’ X 3’ Walk-In Closet
9 D9 Single Door 7’ X 3’ Bathroom
10 D10 Sliding Glass Door 7’ X 6’ Terrace Garden
11 D11 Single Door 7’ X 3’ Terrace Garden
12 W1 Casement widow 4’ X 4’ Child Bed Room 1
13 W2 Casement widow 2’ X 4’ Master Bed Room
14 W3 Casement widow 2’ X 4’ Master Bed Room
15 W4 Casement Window 4’ X 4’ Child Bed Room 2
18 V1 Louvered Window 2’ X 1’ Child Bed Room
Bathroom 1
19 V2 Louvered Window 2’ X 1’ Child Bed Room
Bathroom 2
20 V3 Louvered Window 3’ X 2’ Master Bed Room
FIRST FLOOR DOORS AND WINDOWS TOP PLAN
First Floor Doors & Windows Legend
Project Report Site Location Project Detail Design ByDate
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
D3
D2
D4
D5
D6
W1
W4
W3
W5
W6
V1
W2
Windows
Doors
Bathroom
11’ x 9’
Terrace Garden
14’ x 10’
Master Bed Room
21’ x 18’
Bathroom
11’ x 6’
Bathroom
8’ X 7’
Child
Bed Room 2
14’ x 13’
Balcony
14’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
9’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
7’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
7’ x 6’
Children
Bed Room 1
16’ x 14’
D7D8
D9
D10
D11
V2
V3
Drawing Title
Doors & Windows Layout
(First Floor)

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design DiplomaFlooring Layout
(Ground Floor)
Duna Cotto Starto A. Parking
(Paving Tile)
Company Name – Kajaria
Size – 30 X 30 cm
A
Zambia Gris B. Outside Area
(Satin Tile)
Size – 80 X 80 cm
Neo Stone Copper C. Water Body
(Vitrified Tile)
Size – 30 X 30 cm
C
Belarus Crema D. Lving,Kitchen
(Digital vitrified Tile)
Size – 80 X 80 cm
D
American Cedar F. Drawing Room
(Wooden Tile)
Size – 80 X 80 cm
Graphite Lite E. Powder Room
(Ceramic Tile)
Size – 30 X 30 cm
E
Shanghai Nose Matte G. Stairs
(Matte Tile)
Size – 60 X 60 cm
F
G
B
Ground Floor Flooring
LAYOUT

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diplomaflooring Layout
(First Floor)
Shanghai Nose Matte A. Stairs
(Matte Tile)
Size – 60 X 60 cm
Belarus Crema B. Bedrooms
Walk - In Closets
Zambia Gris C. Terrace
Garden
(Satin Tile)
Size – 80 X 80 cm
Graphite Lite D. Bathrooms
(Vitrified Tile)
Size – 30 X 30 cm
(Ceramic Tile)
Company– Kajaria
Size – 80 X Name 80 cm
African Mahogany
(Wooden Texture
Rectified Tile)
Size – 150 X 600 mm
E. Master Bed Room
A
C
D
E
B
D
B
B
B
B
E
D
Balcony
Walk –In Closet
A
First Floor Flooring
LAYOUT

Code Company Code Type Company
Name
Size Area
1 Van Dyck Outdoor Chairs & Table Minotti 7’ X 7’ Garden
2 Freeman Tailor L-Sofa Minotti 3’ X 12’ Living Room
3 Dyck Coffee Square Table Minotti 4’ X 4’ Living Room
4 Creed Armchair Chairs Minotti 2’ X 2’ Living Room
5 Lang T.V. Unit Minotti 5’ X 1’ Living Room
6 Duvet Alone Sofa Minotti 3’ X 9’ Drawing Room
7 Luggage Chaise Couch Minotti 3’ X 6’ Drawing Room
8 Calder Bronze Table Minotti 3’ X 3’ Drawing Room
9 Catlin & Amelie
Scont
Dinning Table +
Chairs
Minotti 7’ X 3’6”
18” X 18’
Dining Area
GROUND FLOOR FURNITURE TOP PLAN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Living Room
17’ X 14’
Drawing Room
14’ X 11’
Powder Room
7’ x 5’
Kitchen
13’ x 9’
Dining Area
12’ x 8’
Vestibule
7’ x 6’
Garden Area
44’ X 11’
Parking Area
21’ x 18’
Verandah
14’ X 5’
UP
UP
UP
DN
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Furniture Layout
(Ground Floor)
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
FURNITURE (CONTEMPORARY STYLE)
LAYOUT

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Furniture's Details Layout
(Ground Floor)
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11
13
12
B. LIVING
ROOM
UP
UP
UP
C. DRAWING ROOM
D. DINING TABLE
A . OUT DOOR
SEATING
A. OUT DOOR SEATING
1- Outdoor Chair & Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Van Dyck “Outdoor”
Size – 4’ Diameter, H 20”
Company – Minotti
Code – Cortina Armchair “outdoor”
Size – 18” X 18”,H 18’
B. LIVING ROOM
2- L shaped Sofa
Company – Minotti
Code – Freeman Tailor
Size – 3’ X 12’, H 36”
3- Center Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Dyck Coffee “Square”
Size – 4’ X 4’, H 18”
5- Arm Chairs
Company – Minotti
Code – Creed Armchair
Size – 2’ X2’, H 18”
6- Console Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Lang
Size – 5’ X 1’, H 24”
4- Small Round Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Kay
Size – L16” , H 20”
C. DRAWING ROOM
7- Three Seater Sofa
Company – Minotti
Code – Duvet Alone
Size – 3’ X 9’, H 36”
11- Coffee Table
8- Couch Company – Minotti
Code –Luggage Chaise “Lounge”
Size – 3’ X 6’, H 36”
Company – Minotti
Code – Calder Bronze
Size – 3’ X 3’, H 18”
10- Ottoman Bench
Company – Minotti
Code – Kirk “Bench”
Size – 16’ X 3’, H 16”
9- Side Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Caulified “Gold”
Size – L 1’, H 20”
D. DINING TABLE 12- Dining Table For 6 Members
Company – Minotti
Code – Catlin Table Scont
Size – 7’ X 3’6”, H 30”
13- Dining Chairs
Company – Minotti
Code – Amilie Scont
Size – 18” X 18”, H 18”
Colored of chair Fabric
• These Are The Actual Images Of
Furniture Of Company Minotti
That I Used In My Ground Floor
Plan
GROUND FLOOR FURNITUIRE’S DETAIL
LAYOUT

First Floor Furniture Legend
Code Company
code
Type Company
Name
Size Area
1 Creed Bed Minotti 6’ X 5’6” Children Room
2 Carson desk Study Table Minotti 5’ X 1’ Living Room
3 Kirk Night Bed’s Side Table Minotti 2’ X 1’ Children room
4 Yang King Bed Minotti 7’ X 6’ Master Room
5 Morson Bed’s Side Tables Minotti 2’ X 1’ Master Room
6 Single Bench Bed’s Ottoman Minotti 6’ X 2’ Master Room
7 Close T.V Unit Minotti 5’ X 1’ Master Room
8 Winston Love Seat+Table Minotti 3’ X 2’6” Master Room
9 Jacob Computer Table Minotti 5’ X 2’ Master Room
10 Creed Bed Minotti 6’ X 5’6” Children Room
11 Carson desk Study Table Minotti 5’ X 1’ Children Room
12 Kirk Night Bed’s Side Table Minotti 2’ X 1’ Children Room
First Floor Furniture Legend
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Furniture Layout
(First Floor)
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
FIRST FLOOR FURNITURE TOP PLAN
1
2
3
7
8
9
10
Bathroom
11’ x 9’
Terrace Garden
14’ x 10’
Master Bed Room
21’ x 18’
Bathroom
11’ x 6’
Bathroom
8’ X 7’
Children
Bed Room
14’ x 13’
Balcony
14’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
9’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
7’ x 5’
Walk-In
Closet
7’ x 6’
11
12
Children
Bed Room
16’ x 14’
6
5
4
FURNITURE (CONTEMPORARY STYLE)
LAYOUT

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
FIRST FLOOR FURNITURE’S DETAIL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
B. MASTER BED
ROOM
A . CHILDREN BED ROOM
A. CHILDREN BED ROOMS
1- Bed
Company – Minotti
Code – Creed Bed
Size – 6’ X 5’6”, H 20’
A . CHILDREN BED ROOM
1
2
3
Company – Minotti
Code – Kirk Night Stand
Size – 2’ X 1”, H 18’
2 – Bed Side Table
3 – Study Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Carson Writing Desk
Size – 5’ X 2”, H 24’
B. MASTER BED ROOM
4- Bed
Company – Minotti
Code – Yang King Bed
Size – 7’ X 6’, H 20”
Company – Minotti
Code – Morison Night Storage
Size – 2’ X 1”, H 18’
5 – Bed Side Table
6- Small Round Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Kay
Size – L16” , H 20”
Company – Minotti
Code – Winston Chair
Size – 3’ X 2’6”, H 18’
8– Love Seats
9 – Computer Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Jacob Writing Desk
Size – 5’ X 2”, H 24’
7- Console Table
Company – Minotti
Code – Close
Size – 5’ X 1’, H 24”
• These Are The Actual
Images Of Furniture Of
Company Minotti That I
Used In My First Floor Plan
Furniture's Details Layout
(First Floor)
LAYOUT

COLOUR CODING
LAYOUT
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Colour Coding Layout
(Ground Floor)
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
1.Parking Area
2.Landscape Area
3.Outside Seat Area
4.Water Body
5.Vestibule
6.Living Room
7.Drawing Room
8.Verandah
9.Powder
Room
10.Kitchen
11.Dining Area
12.Stairs
1.
2. 3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. 11.
12.

COLOUR CODING
LAYOUT
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
1.Stairs
2.Open
3.Patio
4.Child Bed Room 1
5.Balcony
6.Walk-In
closet
7.Bath Room
8.Master Bed Room
9.Terrace Garden
10.Child Bed Room 2
1.
2.
3.
4.5.
6.7.
8.
9.
10.
7. 6.
7.6.
Colour Coding Layout
(Ground Floor)

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
House Detail
layout
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
PLINTH LEVEL
BUILT UP AREA LEVEL UP
GROUND FLOOR HEIGHT
FIRST FLOOR HEIGHT
PARAPET WALL
BALCONY RAILING
HOUSE DETAIL
LAYOUT
3D views

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Layering Layout Plot Size – 62’ X 52’
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
HOUSE FLOORS LAYERING
LAYOUT
FIRST FLOOR
GROUND FLOOR
TERRACE
Floors Divided Into Layers
Ground Floor Is
Spaced By
Orientation
And By Taking
Up The Point Of
Green Building .
Plinth Level Is
Raised By 2’
And The Built
Up Area Is
Raised By 3’.
First floor is proper
planned by taking
necessities of a
human being to
live in a house.
Through
anthropometry
space planning has
been done for
children's bed
room and master
bedroom.
Terrace roof is a
mixture of skillion
and flat roof
skillion roof helps
to gave all day
sunlight on first
and ground floor
and also works as
a heating
insulation.

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Orthographic
Projection
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
Front Elevation of The House A Back Elevation of The House B
Left Elevation of The House DRight Elevation of The House C
ORTHOGRAPHIC
PROJECTION
Isometric Of The House
A
B
CD
Top Plan

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
House Sectional
Layout
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
Front Section Of The House A A’
Back Section Of The House B B’
Living Room
Dining Area
Bathroom
Kitchen
Child Bedroom 1
HOUSE SECTIONAL
LAYOUT
Walk-In
Closet
Walk-In
Closet Bathroom
Dining Area
UP
DN
A A’
B B’
Top Plan
Top Plan
Powder room

Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
Left Section Of The House C C’
Right Section Of The House D D’
Drawing
Room
Child
Bedroom 2
Kitchen & Dining Living Room
BathroomChild Bathroom
Master Bedroom
Bathroom
Parking
Bedroom 1
Terrace
Garden
C
C’
D
D’
Top Plan
Top Plan
Kitchen
Stair case
Parking
HOUSE SECTIONAL
LAYOUT
House Sectional
Layout

Top plan Showing the connectivity
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
LAYOUT
UP
UP
UP
DN
Project
Civil Lines, Ajmer,
Rajasthan.
Design Development
Layout
23rd May ‘ 2017
Design Diploma
NSQF level 5
Conversation
Diameter 10’
Vestibule
Wash Basin
Top plan highlighting the living room
This is not possible to design developed the
whole spaces of the house so I selected
living room part and vestibule area.
Drawing Room

 These are the actual colours of brand Asian Paint with Colour name & code

Coffee Table (panoma)
Company – Urban Ladder
Size - 4’ X 4’
Teak Finish
L- shaped sofa (freeman Tailor)
Company – Minotti
Size - one side 3’ X 9’ , 3’ X 12’
Lounge Chairs (Robbins)
Size – 2’ X 2’
Colour – Blue Lattice
Round side Table (kay)
Company – Minotti
Size – L 16” H 18”
T.V. Unit (Zephyr)
Size – 5’ X 1’
Teak Finish
Partition Wall
Company – Local Market
Size – 12’ X 8’ ,Teak Finish
Shoes And utility Cabinet
For Vestibule (Zanotti)
Size – 5’ X 2’
Mahogany Finish
White Framed windows for Living Room
1
2
3
4
56
7
8

Cushions – Polyvore.com
Book Shelve – Urban Ladder
Rug – Urban Ladder
Geometrical Chandelier –
Polyvore.com
Key Holder & shelf For Vestibule -
Urban Ladder
Floor Lamp – Urban
Ladder
Decor accessories –
Ebay.com
Artificial Bamboo
Trees – Ebay.com
Duplex Blinds – D’décor
Fabric- Polyester
Colour- Reagan Aqua
Wall art- Wall scone for Vestibule –
Malhardecor.com
Natural Areca palm
plant
Light Scone –
Urban ladder

DESIGNING PRINCIPLES :
I. Symmetrical Balance
II. Emphasis On Copper Leaves
Wall Art
III. Rhythm Through Progression
On Leaves Wall Art
IV. Unity Through Similarity Of
Golden Color From Leave Wall
Art To Light Sconce.

DESIGNING PRINCIPLES :
I. Visual Balance Through
Shape & Color
II. Emphasis On Hanging
Geometrical Chandelier
III. Rhythm Through
Repetition Of Shape
And Color
IV. Unity Through
Alignment Of Painting,
Window Sill & Book
Shelves And Similarity
Through Cool Colours
In All Over The Room

CONCLUSION
As Interior Design Is Not Just About Designing A Space, But It Is About
Creating A Space As Per Human Needs And Wants. Interior Is An
Personal Space Which Has To Be Design Individually. Certain Planning
And Functional Consideration Are Constant In Any Residence, And
Constant In Any Residence, And Although These Too May Be Ignored
By The Occupant Who Wishes To Be Strongly Individualistic, They Can
Provide At Least Basic Guideline. The Must Follow The BUILDING BYE
LAWS And GREEN BUILDING I.E. To Take Any Space As An
Environmental Sensitive Manner And The Space Should Not Harm The
Environment. UNIVERSAL DESIGN Has Also Be Followed I.E. The Space
Should Be Effective For All The Person Living Inside The House. The
Planning Process Of The Residence House Starts With The Check List
Of The Requirement Of Client, And To Choose The Style Which Is Up To
The Comfort Of The Client. We Create Positive Environment In The
Space By Giving Proper ANTHROPOMETRIC & ERGONOMIC
Dimensions. Giving Proper Day lighting And Ventilation In Space Which
Increases The Working Efficiency Of The Person Living Inside The
House.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
I Get The Knowledge Various Sources Which Increases My Knowledge
And Provides Me Guideline In The Making Of Residential Design
Portfolio.
1. Building Construction, Sushil Kumar
2. Wikipedia Encyclopedia
3. Inside Outside
4. Society Interior Magazine
5. Color Harmony.

Residential Design Project Report for Yash Agarwal

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Residential Design Project Report for Yash Agarwal