4.16.24 21st Century Movements for Black Lives.pptx
Earth history
1. EARTH HISTORY
Review
Created by Beverley Sutton
Pueblo Gardens PreK-8
2. Our Changing Earth
• Earth is a geologically active
planet.
• Huge quantities of energy
are always acting on the
surface of the Earth and its
interior.
• Observable evidence in the
present gives information
about processes and events
that occurred in the past.
19. Sedimentary Rock
• Formed by compaction and cementation.
Sediments are compacted (packed down) and glued
together (cemented). Grains are in layers sandwiched
between a muddy matrix
Limestone
Sandstone
Coal
Shale
20. Metamorphic Rocks
• Rock that was once one type of rock but has
changed to another under the influence of heat
and pressure. Grains arranged in bands.
Marble –
which was once limestone
Slate –
which was once shale
Quartzite –
which was once sandstone
21. Igneous Rock
• rocks that form
from magma
(melted, liquid Pumice
rock) that cools
and
crystallizes.
The crystals are
randomly arranged Granite
and interlocking.
Gabbro
23. Convection
• Convection -- Heat transfer in a gas or
liquid by the circulation of currents from
one region to another.
24. Divergent Boundary
• At divergent boundaries new crust is
created as plates pull away from each
other.
25. Convergent Boundaries
• Here crust is destroyed and recycled back
into the interior of the Earth as one plate
dives under another.
These are known as Subduction Zones -
mountains and volcanoes are often found
where plates converge.
29. Transform-Fault Boundaries
• Transform-Fault
Boundaries are where two
plates are sliding past one
another.
These are also known as
transform boundaries or
more commonly as faults.
30. Fault
• a crack in the earth's crust resulting from
the displacement of one side with respect
to the other
Normal Fault
Strike-slip Fault
31. Law of Superposition
• In a sequence of
layered rocks, a given
bed must be older
than any bed on top
of it.
In other words, each
layer is younger than
those underneath it.
32.
33. Law of Original Horizontality
• Most sediments, when originally
formed, were laid down horizontally.
In other words, most sediments settle in
flat horizontal layers.
If the layers are no longer horizontal
then something
happened to move
them.
38. Epicenter
• The point of the earth's surface directly
above the focus of an earthquake
39. Rock Column
• A diagram that
shows the
sequence of
rocks in a
particular area.
• Stratigraphy –
the science of
layered rocks.
40.
41. Index fossil
• The fossil remains of an organism that
lived in a particular geologic age, used to
identify or date the rock or rock layer in
which it is found. Also called guide fossil.
42. Our Changing Earth
• Earth is a geologically active
planet.
• Huge quantities of energy
are always acting on the
surface of the Earth and its
interior.
• Observable evidence in the
present gives information
about processes and events
that occurred in the past.