Management information systems

1. BUILDING INFORMATION
SYSYTEMS

2. INFORMATION SYSTEM

3. Angostura Builds a Mobile Sales System
 ANGOSTURA Has 330 full time employee and 16 sales person
 Revenue Approximately $100 Million
 PROBLEMS
 MANUAL WORKING WHICH CAUSE
 HIGH COST
 MORE TIME
 DUBLICATION
 MORE ORDER RETURN
 THEN IN 2012 ANGOSTURA DECIDED TO BUILD MOBILE SALES APP SYSTEM.

4. Angostura Builds a Mobile Sales System
 BENEFITS OF MOBILE SALES SYSTEM.
 AN ORDER CAN BE TAKKEN IN LESS THAN 30 SECONDS
 20% TIME SAVE PER PERSON PER SALE.
 RETYPING AND DUBLICATION IN ALMOST FINISHED.
 RETURN ORDER IS 60% REDUCE.

5. CHANGE IN ORGANIZATION
 IT IS A KIND OF PLANNED ORGANIZATION CHANGE
 IT INCLUDES CHANGE IN:
 JOB
 SKILLS
 MANAGEMENT
 ORGANIZATION
 IT ACTUALLY REDESIGN THE WHOLE ORGANIZATION.

6. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES STRUCTURE

7. AUTOMATION
 The most common form of IT-enabled organizational change is automation
 The first applications of information technology involved assisting employees with
performing their tasks more efficiently and effectively
 BENEFITS:
 PRODUCTIVITY
 EFFICIENCY
 RELAIBILITY
 ACCURACY
 FOR EXAMPLE: RESERVATION OF ONLINE TICKETING ETC.

8. RATIONALIZATION OF PRODEDURE
 SIMPLYFY BUSINESS PROCESSES
 MAKING SOPS
 SYSTEMATIC PROCESS
 QUALITY CONTROL MANAGEMENT

9. Business Process Redesign

10. Business Process Redesign

11. PARADIGM SHIFT
 IT INVOLVES RETHINKING THE NATURE OF BUSINESS AND THE NATURE OF THE
ORGANIZATION.
 FOR EXAMPLE
 MOVING YOUR BUSINESS VITUAL SUCH AS THROUGH VR BOX.

12. Systems development
 Activities that go into producing an information system solution to an organizational
problem or opportunity
1. Systems analysis
2. Systems design
3. Programming
4. Testing
5. Conversion
6. Production and maintenance

13. THE SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

14. Systems Analysis
Analysis of problem to be solved by new system
Includes feasibility study
Establishing information requirements
Faulty requirements analysis is leading cause of systems
failure and high systems development cost

15. Programming:
System specifications from design stage are translated into software program
code.
Testing
 Ensures system produces right results
 Unit testing
 System testing
 Acceptance testing Test plan

16. Conversion
 Process of changing from old system to new system
 Four main strategies
1. Parallel strategy
2. Direct cutover
3. Pilot study
4. Phased approach
 Requires end-user training
 Finalization of detailed documentation showing how system works from technical
and end-user standpoint

17. Production and maintenance
 System reviewed to determine if revisions needed
 May include post-implementation audit document
Maintenance
Changes in hardware, software, documentation, or procedures to a
production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve
processing efficiency

18. Principal Methodologies for Modeling and
Designing Systems
There are alternative mythologies for modeling and designing
systems.
 Structured methodologies
 Object-oriented development

19. Structured Methodologies
DFD(Data Flow Diagram)
The most commonly used tool to design database system is DFD.
DFD shows the flow of data through an organization.
It is used to design system graphically.

20. How DFD Works

21. Structured Chart
1. Derived from DFD it represents more detail than DFD.
2. The entire system breaks into small parts like a model in sub-model

22. Object-Oriented Development
 In OOD we consider life cycle which include analysis, design, and
implementation of software.
 It focuses on identifying and organizing the application instead of
implementation of software.
 Main aim is to improve the quality and productivity of system.

23. Computer-Aided Software Engineering
 It is the domain of software tools used to design and implement applications.
 Tools were used to developing high quality, defect-free, and maintained
software.
 It helps to improve software development as well as maintenance.
 Improve quality as lower cost & increase production.

24. What are alternative methods for building
information systems?
 Traditional System Life cycle
 Information systems is developed in formal stages.
 Waterfall approach
 Costly, time consuming and inflexible.

25. What are alternative methods for building
information systems?
 2. Prototyping
Steps in prototyping
 Identify the user’s basic requirements.
 Develop an initial prototype.
 Use the prototype.
 Revise and enhance the prototype .

26. What are alternative methods for building
information systems?
3. End-user development
 Query language
 Draw backs.
 Lost control over data, large no. of transactions.
4. Application Software Packages
 Customization
 Request For Proposal (RFP)

27. What are alternative methods for building
information systems?
5. Outsourcing.
 Domestic Outsourcing
 Offshore Outsourcing

28. Rapid Application Development (RAD)
Process of creating workable systems in a very short period
of time.
Utilizes techniques such as:
• Visual programming and other tools for building graphical user interfaces
• Iterative prototyping of key system elements
• Automation of program code generation
• Close teamwork among end users and information systems specialists

29. Joint Application Design (JAD)
- Used to accelerate generation of information requirements and to develop initial
systems design
- Brings end users and information systems specialists together in interactive
session to discuss system's design
- Can significantly speed up design phase and involve users at intense level

30. Agile Development
- Focuses on rapid delivery of working software by breaking large project into
several small subprojects
- Subprojects
• Treated as separate, complete projects
• Completed in short periods of time using iteration and continuous feedback
- Emphasizes face-to-face communication over written documents, allowing
collaboration and faster decision making

31. Component-Based Development
 Groups of objects that provide software for common
functions (e.g., online ordering) and can be combined to
create large-scale business applications
 Web services
 Reusable software components that use XML and open Internet
standards (platform independent)
 Enable applications to communicate with no custom
programming required to share data and services
 Can engage other Web services for more complex transactions
 Using platform and device-independent standards can result in
significant cost-savings and opportunities for collaboration with
other

32. Mobile Application Development
 Mobile Web sites
 Mobile Web apps
 Native apps
 Special requirements for mobile platform
 Smaller screens, keyboards
 Multitouch gestures
 Saving resources (memory, processing)
 Responsive Web design
 Web sites programmed so that layouts
change automatically according to user's
computing device