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COFFEE



    By
    Kamal Kumar
       By
       Kamal kumar

                     1
AGENDA

 Introduction
 Production Process

 Coffee Growing regions

 Specialty Coffee

 Facts & Figures

 Problems

 Recommendations



                           2
INTRODUCTION
•Origin: Ethiopia around 800 A.D
•Two species: Robusta and Arabica
•Robusta more bitter, less flavor, more Caffeine (40-50%) than
   Arabica
•Introduced in India: 400 yrs ago (around 1500 A.D) at
   Chadragiri Hills (Karnataka)
•Brazil is the largest coffee producer
•India accounts for 4.5% of global coffee produce
•70% of Indian Coffee exported to Europe (Italy,
   Germany)

                                                                 3
PRODUCTION PROCESS
-Bean Production
•Cultivation of Coffee Beans on Coffee plants
•Picking of Beans from plants

–Bean Post-Production Process
•Processing
•Milling
•Aging
•Storage
•Roasting
•Crushing
•Packaging



                                                4
COFFEE GROWING REGIONS
   Traditional areas representing the southern
    states of Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

   Non-traditional areas comprising Andhra
    Pradesh and Orissa in the Eastern Ghats of the
    country.

   The North Eastern region comprising the ’Seven
    Sister’ states of
    Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura,
    Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.

                                                     5
6
STATE WISE PRODUCTION




                        7
Planted area of Coffee in Major States/
  District




                                          8
   Good weather and bush condition and continued stable
    prices encouraged better husbandry practices have helped
    to regain production in Karnataka Zones. Accounting
    this, the crop forecast for Karnataka is placed at 79,925 MT
    of arabica and 139,700 MT of robusta totaling 219,625
    MT. Overall, there is 6.77% increase over the previous
    season’s production in Karnataka with a break up of 8.89%
    in arabica and 5.59% in robusta.




                                                                   9
   Kerala coffee zones also have received adequate and
    timely blossom and backing showers. There was no adverse
    effect on crop was reported in coffee growing districts of
    Kerala. Accounting this the post blossom estimates for the
    2010-11 is placed at 65,775 MT, which is an increase of
    11% (6,525 MT) over the previous 2009-10 post monsoon
    forecast.




                                                            10
SPECIALTY COFFEES
     Specialty coffees are high quality coffees that differ from
     normal coffee with relevance to visual quality or cup or both.
     Specialty Coffees are getting increasingly popular in the
     world coffee market
    Specialty coffees are broadly classified into five categories based on
     their unique features
1.    Decaffeinated Coffee
2.     Organic Coffees
3.    High Grown coffees
4.    Estate Coffee (Single Origin Coffees)
5.    Variety Coffee



                                                                         11
TYPES OF SPECIALTY COFFEE
   1. Decaffeinated Coffee
    Coffees with caffeine removed artificially are known as decaffeinated
    coffees. There is a prominent segment of consumers preferring decaf
    coffees owing to health consciousness.
    2. Organic Coffees
    The coffee grown with out using chemicals and pesticides are in great
    demand in the developed countries because of increasing awareness on
    health of consumers and protection of environment.
    3. High Grown coffees
    The coffees grown at higher elevations i.e. 4000 ft and above are known
    to possess a distinct flavor and acidity in cup due to slower development
    of beans. The coffees are of high quality with dense beans.




                                                                            12
CONT…
 4. Estate Coffee (Single Origin Coffees)
 Production of good quality coffee by highlighting the special
 features of the estate can be classified as estate branded coffees.
 This may be elevation, variety, cultural practices, and special
 processing techniques.
 Estate coffees are those that originate on single form with
 common soils and with the distinct identity in terms of flavour and
 aroma characteristics. Estate coffees are generally more
 expensive and actually define the specialty coffee market.
 5. Variety Coffee
 Some of the varieties are known to possess good inherent quality
 due to the genetic make up of the plant. Separate processing of
 these varieties help in processing their intrinsic quality.



                                                                  13
PROCESSING OF SPECIALTY COFFEES
   Utmost attention is paid while preparing majority of
    the specialty coffees both at primary and secondary
    processing level.
    Primary processing:
   Selective harvesting is done with special attention to
    careful hand picking of just ripened berries. Natural
    fermentation is a must for flavor development and a
    high standard of quality. Soaking the washed beans
    under fresh water over night is essential for the
    development of color and flavor in the bean. Slow
    drying is absolutely necessary under natural lights

                                                             14
CONT…

   Secondary processing:
    Grading of coffee beans at curing level involving
    separation of beans according to size, shape and
    density followed by meticulous garbling improves
    the quality




                                                        15
COFFEE BOARD OF INDIA
 The Coffee Board of India is an autonomous
  body, functioning under the Ministry of
  Commerce and Industry, Government of India.
 The           Board         focuses         on
  research, development, extension, quality up
  gradation, market information, and the domestic
  and external promotion of Coffees of India.
 Till 1995, the Coffee Board had a monopolistic
  control over the marketing of coffee in India.
  Since 1995, marketing of coffee is strictly a
  private sector activity.

                                               16
DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION




                       17
Source: International Coffee Organization, Annual Report 2007-
08                                                               18
Source: www.wikipedia.com/ CMIE/ Indiastat.com


                                                 19
CLEARANCES REQUIRED
•EXPORT REGISTRATION & ISSUE OF REGISTRATION -CUM -
  MEMBERSHIP CERTIFICATE (RCMC)
– An exporter may, on application, register with Coffee Board as
  one of the members of Registered exporter of Coffee. On being
  registered, the applicant shall be granted a certificate of
  Registration & on request RCMC shall be issued which will be
  valid for 5 years ending 31st March of the licensing year, unless
  otherwise specified.

•ISSUE OF EXPORT PERMITS & CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN
- Coffee Board issues Export permits under Rule 44(2) Coffee Act
   1942 amended from time to time along with Certificate of Origins
   to the registered exporter of coffee against application, for coffee
   export


                                                                          20
• FURNISHING POST-SHIPMENT DOCUMENTS
– The registered exporter shall submit the post-shipment
   documents on export of coffee against each export
   permits obtained by them. The post-shipment
   documents viz., copies of export permits, bill of lading
   with on Board Date Seal and certificate of origin duly
   endorsed by the concerned Customs
   Authorities, along with other details viz FOB value
   etc, shall be submitted to the Coffee Board within 45
   days from the date of issue of export permits.

•INTIMATION REGARDING CHANGE IN
   CONSTITUTION
– In case of change in ownership, constitution, name or
   address of an exporter shall be intimated voluntarily
   within one month from the date of such change.

(Source: Coffee Board of India)
                                                              21
EXPORTING DESTINATIONS - INDIA

 India exports to more than 50 destinations
 EU - 65-70%

 Major importer for Indian Coffee– Italy

 USA - 1.7%

 African nations - 7-10%




                                               22
Exports of Coffee from India by Countries FY 2008/2009

                            Quantity (In                     Unit Value
Sl No         Destination                   % to Total
                            MT)                              Rs/Tonne
1             ITALY                   50802            25.85          108431
              RUSSIAN
2                                    16123             8.20         122337
              FEDERATION
3             GERMANY                14649             7.45         123290
4             BELGIUM                 9673             4.92         105832
5             SPAIN                   8556             4.35          97231
6             UKRAINE                 5445             2.77         139936
7             FINLAND                 5292             2.69         130752
8             JORDAN                  5187             2.64         112351
9             CROATIA                 4819             2.45          96869
10            SLOVANIA                4715             2.40          95455
11            GREECE                  4614             2.35          97514
12            SWITZERLAND             3813             1.94         130654
13            FRANCE                  3784             1.93         111941
14            MALAYSIA                3730             1.90         103402
15            KUWAIT                  3536             1.80         128257
16            AUSTRALIA               3140             1.60         117913
17            PORTUGAL                2898             1.47
                                                                          23
18   HUNGARY        2774   1.41   118054
19   ISRAEL         2745   1.40   102583
20   SINGAPORE      2566   1.31   117929
21   EGYPT          2566   1.31    93975
22   ALGERIA        2448   1.25    94367
     NETHERLAND
23                  2106   1.07   115885
     S
24   U.S.A.         1948   0.99   134985
25   LIBYA          1913   0.97    92029
26   SAUDI ARABIA   1738   0.88   138437
     UNITED ARAB
27                  1716   0.87   139997
     EMIRATES
28   JAPAN          1679   0.85   138062
29   TAIWAN         1361   0.69   109863
30   POLAND         1336   0.68   110802
     UNITED
31                  1285   0.65   131621
     KINGDOM
32   LATVIA         1241   0.63   137686
33   TURKEY         1206   0.61   125829
34   CANADA         1158   0.59   107599
35   SYRIA          1150   0.59   109718
36   ROMANIA         972   0.49    97644
                                       24
37   AUSTRIA         870   0.44    93726
CHINA,PEOPLE
38                    821      0.42   107190
     S R/O

39   NORWAY           794      0.40   114097
40   TUNISIA          721      0.37   104177
41   VIETNAM          628      0.32   107241

     SULTANATE OF
42                    598      0.30   108954
     OMAN

43   INDONESIA        572      0.29   135188
44   MYANMAR          548      0.28   110628
45   Â OTHERS        6297      3.20   138695
     TOTAL          196531   100.00   114594




                                         25
VOLUME BASIS




               26
India
                               ISSUES
 1. There is a need to promote the
   consumption of coffee in producing
   countries of the region including China and
   India in particular, which are potentially
   large markets. Also, countries such as
   Russia are large potential markets for
   coffee.
 2. It is suggested that a consortium of
   Asian/Pacific countries be developed to
   share knowledge, technologies and coffee
   planting materials.
 3. India supports the idea to reduce costs
   of Organic coffee certification via a regional
   mechanism for supporting in-country
   certification. A set of international standards
   need to be developed specifically for
   Organic coffee.

                                                     27
   4. There is a need for technical assistance
    aimed at sustainable coffee production in
    India.
   5. India needs to address the issues of
    environmental controls of coffee wastes
    arising from processing and develop
    practical measure to address the problem.
   6. There is a need to evaluate the semi-
    washed Robustas and Arabicas with a view
    to improving quality and reducing
    environmental problems associated with
    wastes and water.
   7. There is a need for more cupping
    laboratories to help focus research and
    production on cup quality in coffee varieties
    and processing and handling methods



                                                    28
BAGS STACKED IN CONTAINERS




                             29
SPOILAGE DUE TO BAD STORAGE




                              30
RECOMMENDATIONS
 Establishment of Export Promotion Council for
  Coffee
 Government Regulation in Quality Testing and
  Processing
 Duty Free Import for Processing Equipments
 Extensive Marketing and Promotional Activities
 Sponsoring Trade Fairs and Global Coffee
  Summits
 Attractive and Durable packaging
 Regular     Market    Survey    for  Customer
  Satisfaction and Preferences
                                               31
REFERENCES

 www.ico.org
 www.indiacoffee.org

 www.commerce.gov.in




                        32
A lot can happen over a coffee




Nw go nd hav ur coffee

   THANK YOU…                    33

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Coffee

  • 1. COFFEE By Kamal Kumar By Kamal kumar 1
  • 2. AGENDA  Introduction  Production Process  Coffee Growing regions  Specialty Coffee  Facts & Figures  Problems  Recommendations 2
  • 3. INTRODUCTION •Origin: Ethiopia around 800 A.D •Two species: Robusta and Arabica •Robusta more bitter, less flavor, more Caffeine (40-50%) than Arabica •Introduced in India: 400 yrs ago (around 1500 A.D) at Chadragiri Hills (Karnataka) •Brazil is the largest coffee producer •India accounts for 4.5% of global coffee produce •70% of Indian Coffee exported to Europe (Italy, Germany) 3
  • 4. PRODUCTION PROCESS -Bean Production •Cultivation of Coffee Beans on Coffee plants •Picking of Beans from plants –Bean Post-Production Process •Processing •Milling •Aging •Storage •Roasting •Crushing •Packaging 4
  • 5. COFFEE GROWING REGIONS  Traditional areas representing the southern states of Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.  Non-traditional areas comprising Andhra Pradesh and Orissa in the Eastern Ghats of the country.  The North Eastern region comprising the ’Seven Sister’ states of Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Tripura, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh. 5
  • 6. 6
  • 8. Planted area of Coffee in Major States/ District 8
  • 9. Good weather and bush condition and continued stable prices encouraged better husbandry practices have helped to regain production in Karnataka Zones. Accounting this, the crop forecast for Karnataka is placed at 79,925 MT of arabica and 139,700 MT of robusta totaling 219,625 MT. Overall, there is 6.77% increase over the previous season’s production in Karnataka with a break up of 8.89% in arabica and 5.59% in robusta. 9
  • 10. Kerala coffee zones also have received adequate and timely blossom and backing showers. There was no adverse effect on crop was reported in coffee growing districts of Kerala. Accounting this the post blossom estimates for the 2010-11 is placed at 65,775 MT, which is an increase of 11% (6,525 MT) over the previous 2009-10 post monsoon forecast. 10
  • 11. SPECIALTY COFFEES Specialty coffees are high quality coffees that differ from normal coffee with relevance to visual quality or cup or both. Specialty Coffees are getting increasingly popular in the world coffee market  Specialty coffees are broadly classified into five categories based on their unique features 1. Decaffeinated Coffee 2. Organic Coffees 3. High Grown coffees 4. Estate Coffee (Single Origin Coffees) 5. Variety Coffee 11
  • 12. TYPES OF SPECIALTY COFFEE  1. Decaffeinated Coffee Coffees with caffeine removed artificially are known as decaffeinated coffees. There is a prominent segment of consumers preferring decaf coffees owing to health consciousness. 2. Organic Coffees The coffee grown with out using chemicals and pesticides are in great demand in the developed countries because of increasing awareness on health of consumers and protection of environment. 3. High Grown coffees The coffees grown at higher elevations i.e. 4000 ft and above are known to possess a distinct flavor and acidity in cup due to slower development of beans. The coffees are of high quality with dense beans. 12
  • 13. CONT… 4. Estate Coffee (Single Origin Coffees) Production of good quality coffee by highlighting the special features of the estate can be classified as estate branded coffees. This may be elevation, variety, cultural practices, and special processing techniques. Estate coffees are those that originate on single form with common soils and with the distinct identity in terms of flavour and aroma characteristics. Estate coffees are generally more expensive and actually define the specialty coffee market. 5. Variety Coffee Some of the varieties are known to possess good inherent quality due to the genetic make up of the plant. Separate processing of these varieties help in processing their intrinsic quality. 13
  • 14. PROCESSING OF SPECIALTY COFFEES  Utmost attention is paid while preparing majority of the specialty coffees both at primary and secondary processing level. Primary processing:  Selective harvesting is done with special attention to careful hand picking of just ripened berries. Natural fermentation is a must for flavor development and a high standard of quality. Soaking the washed beans under fresh water over night is essential for the development of color and flavor in the bean. Slow drying is absolutely necessary under natural lights 14
  • 15. CONT…  Secondary processing: Grading of coffee beans at curing level involving separation of beans according to size, shape and density followed by meticulous garbling improves the quality 15
  • 16. COFFEE BOARD OF INDIA  The Coffee Board of India is an autonomous body, functioning under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India.  The Board focuses on research, development, extension, quality up gradation, market information, and the domestic and external promotion of Coffees of India.  Till 1995, the Coffee Board had a monopolistic control over the marketing of coffee in India. Since 1995, marketing of coffee is strictly a private sector activity. 16
  • 18. Source: International Coffee Organization, Annual Report 2007- 08 18
  • 20. CLEARANCES REQUIRED •EXPORT REGISTRATION & ISSUE OF REGISTRATION -CUM - MEMBERSHIP CERTIFICATE (RCMC) – An exporter may, on application, register with Coffee Board as one of the members of Registered exporter of Coffee. On being registered, the applicant shall be granted a certificate of Registration & on request RCMC shall be issued which will be valid for 5 years ending 31st March of the licensing year, unless otherwise specified. •ISSUE OF EXPORT PERMITS & CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN - Coffee Board issues Export permits under Rule 44(2) Coffee Act 1942 amended from time to time along with Certificate of Origins to the registered exporter of coffee against application, for coffee export 20
  • 21. • FURNISHING POST-SHIPMENT DOCUMENTS – The registered exporter shall submit the post-shipment documents on export of coffee against each export permits obtained by them. The post-shipment documents viz., copies of export permits, bill of lading with on Board Date Seal and certificate of origin duly endorsed by the concerned Customs Authorities, along with other details viz FOB value etc, shall be submitted to the Coffee Board within 45 days from the date of issue of export permits. •INTIMATION REGARDING CHANGE IN CONSTITUTION – In case of change in ownership, constitution, name or address of an exporter shall be intimated voluntarily within one month from the date of such change. (Source: Coffee Board of India) 21
  • 22. EXPORTING DESTINATIONS - INDIA  India exports to more than 50 destinations  EU - 65-70%  Major importer for Indian Coffee– Italy  USA - 1.7%  African nations - 7-10% 22
  • 23. Exports of Coffee from India by Countries FY 2008/2009 Quantity (In Unit Value Sl No Destination % to Total MT) Rs/Tonne 1 ITALY 50802 25.85 108431 RUSSIAN 2 16123 8.20 122337 FEDERATION 3 GERMANY 14649 7.45 123290 4 BELGIUM 9673 4.92 105832 5 SPAIN 8556 4.35 97231 6 UKRAINE 5445 2.77 139936 7 FINLAND 5292 2.69 130752 8 JORDAN 5187 2.64 112351 9 CROATIA 4819 2.45 96869 10 SLOVANIA 4715 2.40 95455 11 GREECE 4614 2.35 97514 12 SWITZERLAND 3813 1.94 130654 13 FRANCE 3784 1.93 111941 14 MALAYSIA 3730 1.90 103402 15 KUWAIT 3536 1.80 128257 16 AUSTRALIA 3140 1.60 117913 17 PORTUGAL 2898 1.47 23
  • 24. 18 HUNGARY 2774 1.41 118054 19 ISRAEL 2745 1.40 102583 20 SINGAPORE 2566 1.31 117929 21 EGYPT 2566 1.31 93975 22 ALGERIA 2448 1.25 94367 NETHERLAND 23 2106 1.07 115885 S 24 U.S.A. 1948 0.99 134985 25 LIBYA 1913 0.97 92029 26 SAUDI ARABIA 1738 0.88 138437 UNITED ARAB 27 1716 0.87 139997 EMIRATES 28 JAPAN 1679 0.85 138062 29 TAIWAN 1361 0.69 109863 30 POLAND 1336 0.68 110802 UNITED 31 1285 0.65 131621 KINGDOM 32 LATVIA 1241 0.63 137686 33 TURKEY 1206 0.61 125829 34 CANADA 1158 0.59 107599 35 SYRIA 1150 0.59 109718 36 ROMANIA 972 0.49 97644 24 37 AUSTRIA 870 0.44 93726
  • 25. CHINA,PEOPLE 38 821 0.42 107190 S R/O 39 NORWAY 794 0.40 114097 40 TUNISIA 721 0.37 104177 41 VIETNAM 628 0.32 107241 SULTANATE OF 42 598 0.30 108954 OMAN 43 INDONESIA 572 0.29 135188 44 MYANMAR 548 0.28 110628 45 Â OTHERS 6297 3.20 138695 TOTAL 196531 100.00 114594 25
  • 27. India ISSUES  1. There is a need to promote the consumption of coffee in producing countries of the region including China and India in particular, which are potentially large markets. Also, countries such as Russia are large potential markets for coffee.  2. It is suggested that a consortium of Asian/Pacific countries be developed to share knowledge, technologies and coffee planting materials.  3. India supports the idea to reduce costs of Organic coffee certification via a regional mechanism for supporting in-country certification. A set of international standards need to be developed specifically for Organic coffee. 27
  • 28. 4. There is a need for technical assistance aimed at sustainable coffee production in India.  5. India needs to address the issues of environmental controls of coffee wastes arising from processing and develop practical measure to address the problem.  6. There is a need to evaluate the semi- washed Robustas and Arabicas with a view to improving quality and reducing environmental problems associated with wastes and water.  7. There is a need for more cupping laboratories to help focus research and production on cup quality in coffee varieties and processing and handling methods 28
  • 29. BAGS STACKED IN CONTAINERS 29
  • 30. SPOILAGE DUE TO BAD STORAGE 30
  • 31. RECOMMENDATIONS  Establishment of Export Promotion Council for Coffee  Government Regulation in Quality Testing and Processing  Duty Free Import for Processing Equipments  Extensive Marketing and Promotional Activities  Sponsoring Trade Fairs and Global Coffee Summits  Attractive and Durable packaging  Regular Market Survey for Customer Satisfaction and Preferences 31
  • 33. A lot can happen over a coffee Nw go nd hav ur coffee THANK YOU… 33