2. CONTENTS
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY
EVOLUTION OF 0G – 5G
INTRODUCTION TO 5G
ARCHITECTURE OF 5G
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE OF 5G
FEATURES & APPLICATONS OF 5G
COMPARISON FROM 1G TO 5G
CONCULSION
FUTURE SCOPE
3. INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS WIRELESS ?
The word wireless is dictionary defined “having no wires ”.
In networking terminology , wireless is the term used to
describe any computer network where there is no physical wired
connection between sender and receiver, but rather the network is
connected by radio waves and or microwaves to maintain
communications.
Wireless networking utilizes specific equipment such as NICs
and Routers in place of wires (copper or optical fibre).
4. 0G TECHNOLOGY
Pre-cell phone mobile telephony technology, such as radio
telephones that some had in cars before the arrival of cell phones.
Communication was possible through voice only.
These mobile telephones were usually mounted in cars or trucks.
Technologies :
PTT(Push to Talk)
MTS (Mobile Telephone System)
IMTS (Improved MTS)
6. 1G TECHNOLOGY
1G refers to first generation wireless communication technology
developed in 1980s & completed in early 1990s.
A voice call gets modulated to a higher frequency of about
150MHz.
Speed was upto 2.4kbps.
Based on Analog Signal.
AMPS was first launched in USA in 1G mobile systems.
7. Technologies :
TACS(Total Acess Communication Systems)
NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone)
AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System)
Poor Voice links
Poor Battery Life
Large Phone Size
No Security
Limited Capacity
Unreliable handoff
DRAWBACKS OF 1G
8. 2G
2G TECHNOLOGY
2G technology refers to the 2nd generation which is based on
GSM.
It was launched in Finland in the year 1991.
Based on digital signals.
Speed upto 64kbps.
Technologies :
TDMA
CDMA
9. Different Services
Digital voice calling
Short message service (SMS)
BENEFITS
Consume less battery power.
Improves the voice clarity.
Reduces noise in the line.
Secrecy and safety to the data and voice calls.
10. LIMITATIONS
Strong digital signals are required to make the cell
phones work.
Digital signals would be week if there is no proper
network coverage in the specified area.
Difficult to handle complex data such as video etc.
11. 2.5G TECHNOLOGY
2.5G is a technology between the second (2G) and third
(3G) generation of mobile telephony.
2.5G is sometimes described as 2G Cellular technology
combined with GPRS.
It can have a data rate up to 144kbps.
Technologies :
GPRS
EDGE
CDMA
12. FEATURES
Phone Calls
Send/Receive E-mail Messages
Web Browsing
Speed : 64-144 kbps
Camera Phones
13. 3G TECHNOLOGY
Developed between late 1990s & early 2000s
until present day.
Data Transmission speed increased from
125kbps- 2Mbps.
Data are sent through technology called packet
switching.
Voice calls are interpreted using circuit switching..
14. SERVICES
Voice calls
Global roaming
Send/receive large email messages
High-speed Web
Navigation/maps
Video conferencing
Mobile TV
3D gaming
Technologies :
W-CDMA
GSM EDGE
UMTS
DECT
WiMAX
CDMA 2000
15. DRAWBACKS OF 3G
Requires higher bandwidth
Expensive 3G phones
Expensive fees for 3G licenses services
It was challenge to build the infrastructure for 3G
Large Cell Phones
16. 4G TECHNOLOGY
Fourth Generation which was started from late 2000s.
Capable of providing 100Mbps – 1Gbps speed.
One of the basic term used to describe 4G is MAGIC.
• Mobile Multimedia
• Anytime Anywhere
• Global Mobility Support
• Integrated Wireless Solution
• Customized Personal Services
Also known as Mobile Broadband Everywhere
High speed wireless network and data to and interface with
wire-line backbone network.
17. APPLICATIONS INCLUDE
Mobile tv
Tele-medicine
Video on demand
Video conferencing
Location based service
High Capacity
Low Cost Per-bit etc.
Technologies :
LTE
Wi-MAX
18. DRAWBACKS OF 4G
Battery uses is more
Hard to implement
Need complicated hardware
Expensive equipment required to implement next
generation network.
19. 5G TECHNOLOGY
Fifth Generation which was started from late 2010s.
Complete wireless network with no limitations
Concept is theoritical & not yet implemented
REAL wireless technology or WWWW or W4
Incredible transmission speed in
gigabit range.
20. WHAT DOES 5G OFFERS ??
Worldwide cellular phones
Extraordinary data capabilities
High connectivity
More power & features in hand held phones
Large phone memory, more dialing speed, more clarity in
audio & video
21. KEY CONCEPT
Real wireless world with no more limitation with access and
zone issues.
Wearable devices
Ipv6, where a visiting care-of mobile ip address is assigned
according to location and connected network.
One unified global standard.
Smart-radio
High altitude stratospheric platform station (HAPS) systems.
The user can simultaneously be connected with several
wireless access technology
Multiple concurrent data transfer path
25. OPEN WIRELESS ARCHITECTURE
(OWA)
Physical layer + Data link layer = OWA
OSI layer 1 & OSI layer 2 define the wireless technology.
For these two layers the 5G mobile network is likely to be based
on Open Wireless Architecture (OWA )
26. NETWORK LAYER
All mobile networks will use mobile IP
Each mobile terminal will be FA (Foreign Agent)
A mobile can be attached to several mobiles or wireless
networks at the same time.
Separation of network layer into two sub-layers:
(i) Lower network layer (for each interface)
(ii) Upper network layer (for the mobile terminal
28. APPLICATION LAYER
Intelligent QoS management over various networks
Service quality testing & storage of measurement
information in databases
Select the best wireless connection for given services
Wireless network diers from wired network regarding the
transport layer
TCP: lost segments due to network congestion
Possible to download & install Open Transport Protocol (OTP)
OPEN TRANSPORT PROTOCOL
(OTP)
31. 5G Hardware:
Uses UWB (Ultra Wide
Band) networks with higher
BW at low energy levels
BW is of 4000 Mbps,
which is 400 times faster
than today’s wireless
networks
Uses smart antenna
Uses CDMA (Code
Division Multiple Access)
5G Software:
Software defined radio,
encryption, flexibility, Anti-
Virus
5G will be single unified
standard of different wireless
networks, including LAN
technologies, LAN/WAN,
WWWW- World Wide
Wireless Web, unified IP &
seamless combination of
broadband
HARDWARE & SOFTWARE OF 5G
32. FEATURES
High resolution for crazy cell phone users
Bi-directional large BW
Less traffic
25 Mbps connectivity speed
Enhanced & available connectivity just about the world
Uploading & Downloading speed of 5G touching the peak (up
to 1 Gbps)
Better & fast solution
33. FEATURES(cond..)
High quality service based on policy to avoid error
Support virtual private networks
More attractive & effective
Provides subscriber supervision tools for fast action
34. ADVANTAGES
Data bandwidth of 1 Gbps or higher.
Globally accessible.
Dynamic information access beneficial to domestic user.
Available at low cost.
35. APPLICATIONS OF 5G
Wearable devices with AI (Artificial Intelligence) capabilities
Pervasive (Global) networks
Media independent handover
Radio resource management
VoIP (Voice over IP) enabled devices
With 6th sense technology
36. COMPARISON OF ALL
GENERATIONS
Generation
Features
1G 2G 3G 4G 5G
Years 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s
Data
Bandwidth
2kbps 64kbps 2Mbps 200Mbps 1Gbps
Standards AMPS TDMA,C
DMA,GS
M,GPRS
WCDMA Single unified
standards
Single unified
standards
Technology Analog
cellular
Digital
cellular
Broadband
with
CDMA,IP
Technology
Unified IP &
seamless
combination of
broadband
LAN,WAN &
WLAN
Unified IP &
Seamless
combination of
broadband,LAN,
WAN,&
WLAN,WWWW
Services Mobile
technology(
Digital
voice,SM
Integrated
high quality
Dynamic
information
Dynamic
information
38. CONCLUSION
3G - Operator centric
4G - service centric whereas
5G - user centric
5G wireless concept designed as an open platform on
different layers.
The new coming 5G technology will be avaliable in the
market at affordable rates,high peak future and much
realiability than preceding technolgies.
39. FUTURE SCOPES
Combination of 5G with AI
(i)Control intelligent robot by mobile
(ii)Typing messages as brain thinks!
Further evolution to 6G Networks