Aligning stakeholders' perspectives in Open Government Data Community

Copyright 2011 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights reserved.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling Networked Knowledge
Aligning Core Stakeholders’ Perspectives
and Issues in the OGD Community:
Background & OGD Strategies
Adegboyega Ojo & Marijn Janssen
adegboyega.ojo@deri.org, m.f.w.h.a.janssen@tudelft.nl

Outline
1. Background
2. State of Play
3. Stakeholders
4. Strategies
5. Issues

Public Interest in OGD
Public interest in Open Data continues to rise.

Where is the interest from?
OD “Hotspots”:
US, 2004 – 2009
India, 2007 & 2010
Kenya, July 2011

Search Terms Used
Searches on Linked Data,
Open Data Centres, Open
Government Data are
increasing rapidly

Research Interest

Value Propositions
o Better informed citizenry and more transparent government
o Enhancing accountability by providing information on government
spending and performance on programs
o Strengthening communities by publishing information on different
aspects of the community including demographics, criminal activities,
property values, etc.
o Increasing direct and indirect revenue for goverment

Some Facts & Figures
Capgemini Consulting Report on the Open Data Economy, 2011:
o By October 2011, 28 nations around the world already had
established Open Data portals [Capgemini 2012].
o Estimated direct impact of Open Data on the EU27 economy by
2013 is about €40 billion
o Infomediary sector in Spain as at 2011 generated between €330 –
€500 million annually

Unveiling the OD Landscape
Sources of information:
1) Updated Socrata 2010 Open Government Data Study
2) Capgemini Consulting
3) Analysis of OD research in Scopus database (criteria = Open Data,
Open Government data, Linked Data in title)

OD Practice - Benchmark
Benchmark parameters for Capgemini
Consulting 2012

Practice - Benchmark Result
All so-called
Trend Setters
have strong
political
support

Citizen Data of High Value
1) Public Safety (crime data, food inspection)
2) Financial (e.g. Gov. expenditures)
3) Accountability (e.g. campaign finance)
4) Education (e.g. school tests)
5) Gov. Services (where, when, how services can be accessed)
6) Legislative (e.g. voting records)
7) Utilities (water, gas, electrical consumption/prices)
8) Environmental (e.g. air/water quality)
9) Property (property taxes, zoning maps)
10) Public Works (road work, infrastructure)
11) Regulatory (e.g. disclosure for regulated industries)
12) Census (Population, Economy)
13) Transportation (e.g. parking, transit, traffic)
14) Gov. Org Performance (e.g. mission metrics)
15) Corporate (e.g. corp tax returns)
From 2011
Socrata’s
Study of
Open Data
Initiatives

OD Research Landscape
Linked datum(325)
Semantic Web(208)
Semantics(163)
Data handling(159)
Linked data(152)
Data sets(109)
Linked Data(93)
World Wide Web(88)
User interfaces(79)
Semantic web(74)
Metadata(69)
Ontology(65)
Human(50)
Data structures(44)
Humans(42)
Open data(39)
Information management(35)
Data source(34)

Disciplinary Contribution

Sources of OD Research

Major Stakeholders
o National Governments
o Municipal and City Governments
o Government Ministries and Agencies
o Citizens
o International Development Organizations
o Global Consulting Organizations
o Open Development Foundation
o World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
o Open Government Partnership
o Academia

National Government
o Development of the Open Data Policy
o Development of National Open Data Initiative
o Provision of the required instrument
o Conforming to International and regional directives on Open Data,
e.g. European PSI Directive
o Development of the National Open Data Portal Infrastructure
o Supporting ministries and lower levels of government in conforming
to OD policy
o Funding of OD initiative in the regime of free and marginal cost
pricing

Municipal/City Government
o Conforming to National Open Data policy
o Development of City Open Data Strategy
o Publishing datasets on both City and National Open Data portals
o Ensuring funding and sustainability of OD initiative
o Supporting units and departments in publishing their data

International Organization
o Open data for Open and Inclusive Development
o Strategy for open data on development and external aid resources
o Coordination with OD related international initiatives
o Strategy for data quality and access
[WB ODI initiative]

Consulting Firms
o Economic value of open data
o Business models of open data
o Measuring Open Data
o Open Data based business innovation
o Supporting government organizations

Citizens!
o Access to open data
o Access data deemed of high value
o Use of open data to address personal problems
o Contributing to the open data community and ecosystem

Academia
o Privacy and Security of Open Data
o Tools for advanced analytics and visualization of Open
Data and Linked Open data
o Developing curriculum and training programs for next
generation data scientists

Strategies for OD Initiatives
o Reviewed the following OD Policy and Strategy cases:
o European Union
o National United Kingdom
o Ministries and Department
o Republic of Ireland
o Government of Queensland
o City of Berlin
o Capgemini Consulting
o Deloitte

Context
Examples of contexts for OD initiatives include:
o Strategy for smart sustainable growth
o High levels of employment, a low carbon economy
o Vehicle to implement the PSI directive
o Opening up public data resources for re-use
o Creation of Digital Single Market
o National Open Government program
o E-Government Program

Instruments
Instruments employed by governments include:
o Development of Open Data policy
o Issuance of Open Data Directive
o Use of an umbrella directive such as the of PSI
o Active Stakeholder engagement, e.g. the critical app developer
community

Actions - 1
Capgemini’s Focus Areas for OD Initiatives

Action - 2
vision on data for growth and jobs
policy development on open data, psi
policy deployment - compliance, implementation
innovation on tools and method
multilingual open data infrastructure
more intelligence and knowledge driving new
services
identify data which should be published be each
top level budget areas
agree on transparency plans with those
responsible
identify additional sources of underlying data
which should be on national portal
work with units to change the way data is
published
encourage units to seek feedback from
customers
Agency roadmap
data quality and security
personal privacy and patient confidentiality
Public interest disclosures
Licensing
identify over time more data that can be
released as open data
data published as images in reports should be
made available in reusable format
identify data held and release data by default
learning from what is already being done at local
and regional levels
Example Actions in
Strategies

Governance
o Agency or Ministry CIO is in charge of transparency
o Appointment of a focal point for Open Data initiative
o Member State (in regional entities) or State level supervision
o DG in agencies retains and appropriately delegate custodianship of
data collections to the following:
o information management steering committee to approve data collection
for their initial release
o data custodians to endorse approved dataset for release as open data
in
o compliance with departmental release conditions and approve
subsequent release

Challenges
Major obstacles faced by Open Data proponents:
o political will or leadership
o followed by lack of funding
o privacy and security concerns

Aligning stakeholders' perspectives in Open Government Data Community

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