1. What is Biomass?

2. Biofuel

3. Biofuel

4. Biofuel
 A biofuels is a type of fuel whose energy is derived
from biological carbon fixation
 In other words, Fuel which produced from renewable
biological resources such as plant biomass and treated
municipal and industrial waste.

5. Application of Biofuel

6. Application of Biofuel

7. Why Biofuel?
 To Reduce our dependence on fossil fuel
 To reduce reliance on foreign oil
 To lower emissions of greenhouse gases
 To bring business to rural economics

8. Why Biofuel? Are They Green?
Use of Biofuels makes the environment clean:
 By regulating carbon dioxide rates in the environment
 By maintaining carbon cycle
 By making a way to reduce global warming

9. The Carbon Cycle

11. Classification of Biofuels

14. Introduction
 Biodiesel, an alternative diesel fuel, is made from renewable
biological sources such as edible, non-edible, animal fats
and microalgae through a process known as
transesterification.
 Biodiesel has almost similar fuel properties of diesel.
 Biodiesel can be used as a pure fuel or blended with diesel
in any ratio.

15. Biodiesel Production methods
 Four main production methods
 Direct use and blending
 Micro emulsions
 Thermal cracking
 Transesterification
 Transesterification
 Most common production method
 Uses vegetable oils and animal fats as
feed stocks
 The reaction of a fat or oil with an
alcohol to form esters (biodiesel) and
glycerol

18. Biodiesel Samples

19. Biodiesel Samples

20. Comparison in Fuel Properties of Biodiesel with Diesel

21. Comparison of Emission

22. Biodiesel can be Used in Existing Diesel Engines
 Pure Biodiesel (B100) or blended with petroleum diesel (B20, BXX).
 Rudolf Diesel: peanut oil.
 Little or no engine modifications
 Use existing fuel distribution network.
 Available now

23. Benefits of Biodiesel
 High cetane number (average 45 to 56)
 High flash point (above +100)
 Good lubricating property
 Absence of sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbons
 Low toxicity of emissions
 Virtually complete biodegradability (99%)
 Zero balance of greenhouse gases
23

24. Problems Brought by Biodiesel
• Certain biodiesel gels easily under cold temperature
• Problem of storage
• Deforestation for plantation
• NOx emission will be high
• Cost is high

25. Conclusion
 Biodiesel is eco-friendly.
 Biodiesel is clean burning alternative fuel.
 Biodiesel contain no petroleum, but can be blended with conventional
diesel fuel.
 These fuel can be used in any diesel engine without any modification.
 Biodiesel is degradable , non toxic and free from sulphur and lead.

27. What is Bioethanol
Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermentations, mostly from
carbohydrates produced in sugar or starch crops such as corn or
sugarcane. Cellulosic biomass derived from non-food sources such as
tress and grasses, is also being develop as a feedstock's for ethanol
production.
 The principle fuel used as a petrol substitute is bioethanol
IT is mainly produced from sugar or cellulose through fermentation
process
 It is a high octane fuel and has replaced lead as an octane
enhancers in petrol

29. Classification of Biomass

30. Fermenter

31. Fuel properties of Bioethanol and its blends with
Petrol

32. Application of Bioethanol

33. Advantages and disadvantages of Bioethanol

34. Advantages and disadvantages of Bioethanol

35. Biogas

36. Biogas is a renewable energy source that can be used as a fuel or can be used in
a variety of ways for the production of heat and/ or electricity.
Biogas is predominantly a mixture of methane and cabon dioxide and some
traces of other gases (H2, H2S & N2).

38. How is it made ?

39. Stages of Anaerobic Digestion

40. Reaction involve in Anaerobic Digestion

41. Properties of Biogas

42. Types of Biogas Plant

43. Batch Type Biogas Plant

44. Batch Type Biogas Plant

45. Floating Gas Holder Type Biogas Plant

46. Fixed Dome Type Biogas Plant

53. Pyrolysis

80. Thanks