Ppt

1. PPT
ON
TYPES OF LAMPS
ADRIAN LEONARDO
BUATON
21.09.03.025
KELOMPOK 12

2. Construction, working and Applications of
Following Lamps:
- Incandescent Lamps.
- Low Pressure Mercury Vapour.
- Halogen Lamps.
- Sodium Vapour Lamps.
- High Pressure Mercury Vapour Lamps.

3. 1. Incandescent Lamp. (Filament lamp) :

4. .
Filament lamps must have,
1. It should have high melting point (3500º C).
2. It should have high resistivity.
3. It should have low temperature co-efficient.
4. It should have low vapor pressure.
5. Mechanically Strong, ductile.
Material used for filament is Carbon, Osmium tantalum and
Tungsten.
Gas used inside the lamp ( Nitrogen or Argon )
Life: 1000 Hrs working hrs. Lamp efficiency: 10 - 30 lumens/watt

5. Lamp work on the principal of Incandescence
( i.e. when a hot body is heated, radiant energy is emitted in waveform).
◘ An incandescent bulb generates light through heat.(95% Heat,5% Light)
◘ When electrical current passes through the tungsten filament, it
heats to the point where it glows and gives off a yellow-red light.
◘ To keep the filament from burning up immediately, it's housed in a
vacuum. Even so, the intense heat of the filament ensures a
comparatively short and expensive life span.(WorkiApplications:
Domestic, Commercial and Industrial. Etc…

6. 3. Halogen Lamps.
Wattage: 20/50 w 12 V
300w, 500w, 1000w 230 V.
Some of them only works
Horizontal and Vertical
Efficiency- 23 to 25
lumen/watt
Argon &
Nitrogen

7. 1. Indoor lighting.
2. Outdoor lighting.
3. Flood lighting.
4. For vehicle head lights.
5. TV studios
Applications:
6. Photo film.
7. Signaling.
8.Large gardens.
9.Fountains.
10. Airport runways.

8. 4. Sodium Vapour Lamps.
Small Tx is used
for heating the
Cathode.
Operating Temp.r
300ºC.
Efficiency: 110
lumens/watt.
Containing Sodium Gas
And Inert gas either Neon or Argon

9. Function of Ignitor:
T0 provide a strong/hot enough
arc to light (strike) the lamp by
overcoming the resistance of the
gas in the lamp.
Function of Capacitor:
To improve the power factor.

10. Applications:

11. 5. High Pressure Mercury Vapour Lamp.

12. This lamp start with a small arc
between the starting electrode and the
main electrode.
This arc goes through argon gas which
easily strikes, even in cold weather.
This little arc heats the tube, and over
several minutes the tube gets hot
enough to vaporize the solid mercury
stuck to the sides.
The mercury vaporized creates a strong
light between the two main electrodes.

13. ◘ The mercury vapor lamp is a negative resistance device.
◘ This means its resistance decreases as the current through
the tube increases.
◘ So if the lamp is connected directly to a constant-voltage
source like the power lines, the current through it will
increase until it destroys itself.
◘ Therefore it requires a ballast to limit the current through
it. (Working avi)

15. THANK YOU