This document summarizes a presentation on research institution governance and platform development in Indonesia. It discusses the challenges facing research institutions, including responding to diverse stakeholders, exploiting opportunities, and ensuring long-term sustainability. It also outlines several policy responses to these challenges, such as improving stakeholder involvement, restructuring funding agencies, and reforming structures for research performance evaluation. Finally, it discusses trends in public sector research organizations, such as greater strategic planning and institutional autonomy balanced with inter-governmental coordination.
1. THE PLATFORMDE LOPM NT OF
VE E
RE ARCH I
SE NSTITUTION GOVERNANCE
D r. M u h a m m a d R u s d i, M .S c
S ta f A h li L e m b a g a P e n e litia n
U n iv e rs ita s J a m b i
Dipresentasikan pada Workshop Revitalisasi dan Integrasi Riset PT dan Lembaga
Litbang, Oleh Kementerian Ristek bekerjasam dengan Universitas Jambi.
a
Jambi 19 M 2009
ei
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3. GOVERNANCE CHALLENGES
1. R e s p o n d in g to th e c h a n g in g n e e d s o f a
m o re d iv e rs e s e t o f s ta k e h o ld e rs
2. E x p lo itin g e m e rg in g o p p o rtu n itie s
3. E n s u rin g lo n g -te rm s u s ta in a b ility o f th e
re s e a rc h e n te rp ris e s
3
4. E nsuring long-term sustainability of
the research enterprises
a.M aintaining breadth and diversity in the research
portfolio
b.E nsuring resilience to external shocks
c. Preserving the integrity and cohesion of the
science system
d.Securing sufficient funding for public research
infrastructure
e. Adjusting to changing government missions
f. E nsuring the supply of human resources
4
5. POLICYR SP
E ONSES
1. I proving stakeholder involvem
m ent in priority setting
2. Restructuring research funding agencies
3. Adapting R & D financing m echanism s
a. Com petitively awarded research project funding
b. Sustaining research infrastructure
c. Better leveraging private research through partherships
d. Non-budgetary sources o R & D financing
4. Reforming structures for research performance
a. Co-operative research structure & centre of excellence
b. Restructuring public sector research institutions
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6. 1.Evaluation
2.New hum resources developm
an ent
strategies
a.Attracting m ore students in sciences and technology
careers
b.Adapting researcher training systems to stakeholders
demands
c. Improving flexibility to reduce mismatches
6
7. SYSTE GOVE
M RNANCE
1. The centralized archetype with strong top-down
m anagem ent approach
2. The dual system archetype with m ixed system of top-
down and bottom -up approach to priority setting, a mix
of institutional funding and com petitive funding
instrum ents and a balance between research-perform ing
institutions.
3. The decentralized archetype with relatively low top-down
control, hardly any institutional funding apart from
m ission-oriented program and a strong research base
s
in universities.
7
8. TRENDS IN STRUCTUR S OFP
E UBLIC SECTOR
R SE CH
E AR
1. M oves towards greater governm ent-wide co-ordination of research effort
2. Greater participation of different levels of governm ent in research policy
m aking and funding
3. M ore strategic planning and m onitoring by governm ent
4. Greater institutional autonom for research perform
y ers
5. Increasing use of form structures and m
al echanism for stakeholder
s
participation in research policy m aking, funding and review.
6. Strengthening of interm ediate level funding structures within research
system (s e.g. research council)
7. Change balance am ong research perform ing institution, i.e., a stronger role
for higher education institutions as com pared to other public research
insitutions
8. Developing parthership between different researcher perform ers.
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9. P IOR
R ITYSETTING
Who are the actors in priority setting and w do they set priorities?
hy
• Scientist com unity
m
• Stakeholder / industry
s
Science Push Demand pull
How gov ernm ents and research institutions set priorities-
institutional features?
• Top-Dow n
• Bottom -Up
• Integrated TD and BU
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10. CHALLE NGE P
S OLICYMAK R F
E S ACE IN
P IOR
R ITYSETTING
1. Balancing com peting pressure; basic vs. more
oriented research, core vs. project funding,
competition from increasing industry funding.
2. Rigidity of the research system, autonomy of
research-performing institutions, financing of high
risk pre-competitive research.
3. Responding to emerging technologies needs.
4. Promoting multidisciplinary research.
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11. PUBLIC FUNDING OFR & D
1. F u n d in g le v e ls
2. F u n d in g s tru c tu re s
a. In s titu tio n a l fu n d in g
b. P ro je c t o rie n te d fu n d in g
c. B u s in e s s fu n d in g fo r p u b lic s e c to r re s e a rc h
d. F u n d in g fro m o th e r s o u rc e s
3 . N e w fu n d in g s c h e m e s , e x a m p le :
a. S u p p o rt fo r re s e a rc h in in te rd is c ip lin a ry p rio rity a re a s
b. P u b lic fo u n d a tio n s / fu n d s
c. C e n tre s o f e x c e lle n c e
d. N e w a p p ro a c h in fu n d in g fo r p u b lic re s e a rc h in s titu tio n s
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12. MANAGEMENT OFHUMAN R SOUR S IN R & D
E CE
C h a lle n g e s to in c re a s in g o f m a in ta in in g a n a d e q u a te s u p p ly o f
s c ie n c e a n d te c h n o lo g y
1. T ra in in g o f m a s te rs , d o c to ra l a n d p o s td o c to ra l s tu d e n t in s c ie n c e a n d
te c h n o lo g y
2. C h a n g in g s tru c tu re o f e m p lo y m e n t fo r re s e a rc h s ta ff in u n iv e rs itie s a n d
o th e r p u b lic s e c to r re s e a rc h o rg a n iz a tio n s
3. M o b ility o f re s e a rc h e r b e tw e e n p u b lic in s titu tio n s a n d b e tw e e n in d u s try
a n d th e p u b lic re s e a rc h s e c to r
4. In te rn a tio n a l m o b ility o f s c ie n c e a n d te c h n o lo g y p e rs o n n e l a n d s tu d e n ts
5. A g e in g o f re s e a rc h w o rk fo rc e a n d p o lic y re s p o n s e s
6. W o m e n in s c ie n c e a n d te c h n o lo g y e d u c a tio n a n d e m p lo y m e n t.
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13. Reform and Changes in the M
s anagement
of Hum Resources
an
1. I order to ensure an adequate supply of hum resources, institution m
n an oves
to m ake S & T education m ore attractive by redesigning curricula, increasing
expenditures on higher education and enhancing the quality of sciences
teachers.
2. To respond to industry dem ands for the “right” skills, som governm
e ent
should reform university degree program es, in particular at PhD level.
m
3. The dem and for m ore m ultidiciplinary com petences has led to new
m ultidiciplinary curricula and degree program es.m
4. M easures to increase the m obility of researches at national as well as
international level are being taken in m any countries.
5. Initiatives were taken to renew public sector em ploym ent. Theses include an
increased num ber of positions, program es to encourage the recruitm
m ent of
wom and salary increase in order to com
en pete with the private sector
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