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Environmentalpollution [repaired]
- 1. MD ALIF HOSSAIN ID: 1501019
- 2. ๏What Environment Is ๏What Environmental Pollution Is ๏How Our Environment is Being Polluted ๏And How We Can Reduce the Pollution
- 7. โข Burning of Fossil Fuels โข Agricultural activities โข Exhaust from factories and industries โข Mining Operations โข Indoor air pollution
- 8. โข Respiratory and heart problems โข Global warming โข Acid rain โข Effect on wildlife โข Depletion of Ozone layer
- 10. โข Sewage and domestic wastes โข Industrial effluents โข Soap & detergents โข Fertilizers โข Pesticides โข Heavy metals
- 11. โข Death of aquatic (water) animals โข Disruption of food-chains โข Diseases โข Destruction of ecosystems
- 13. โข Deforestation and soil erosion โข Agricultural activities โข Mining activities โข Overcrowded landfills โข Industrialization โข Construction activities โข Sewage treatment
- 14. โข Soil pollution โข Change in climate patterns โข Environmental Impact โข Effect on human health โข Cause Air pollution โข Effect on wildlife
- 15. SOUND POLLUTION
- 16. โข Industrialization โข Poor Urban Planning โข Social Events โข Transportation โข Construction Activities โข Household Chores
- 17. โข Hearing Problems โข Health Issues โข Sleeping Disorders โข Cardiovascular Issues โข Trouble Communicating โข Effect on Wildlife
- 21. โข
Editor's Notes
- Today we are going to know: What Environment Is What Environmental Pollution Is How Our Environment is Being Polluted And finally How We Can Reduce the Pollution
- Theย environmentย is something you are very familiar with. It's everything that makes up our surroundings and affects our ability to live on the earthโ the air we breathe, the water that covers most of the earth's surface, the land that we live in the sound that we hear and much more.
- When harmful substances contaminate the environment is called environment pollution. Pollution refers to the very bad condition of the environment in terms of quality & quantity.
- As I said earlier that environment is consisting of air, water, land, sound and others. Our environment is being polluted through: Air Pollution Water Pollution Land Pollution Sound or Noise Pollution
- First of all we will know what air pollution is.
- 1. Burning of Fossil Fuels:ย Sulfur dioxide emitted from the combustion ofย fossil fuelsย like coal, petroleum and other factory combustibles is one the major cause of air pollution. Pollution emitting from vehicles including trucks, jeeps, cars, trains, airplanes cause immense amount of pollution. We rely on them to fulfill our daily basic needs of transportation. But, there overuse is killing our environment as dangerous gases are polluting the environment. Carbon Monooxide caused by improper or incomplete combustion and generally emitted from vehicles is another major pollutant along with Nitrogen Oxides, that is produced from both natural and man made processes. 2. Agricultural activities:ย Ammonia is a very common by product from agriculture related activities and is one of the most hazardous gases in the atmosphere. Use of insecticides, pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural activities has grown quite a lot. They emit harmful chemicals into the air and can also causeย water pollution. 3. Exhaust from factories and industries:ย Manufacturing industries release large amount of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, organic compounds, and chemicals into the air thereby depleting the quality of air. Manufacturing industries can be found at every corner of the earth and there is no area that has not been affected by it. Petroleum refineries also release hydrocarbons and various other chemicals that pollute the air and also causeย land pollution. 4. Mining operations:ย Mining is a process wherein minerals below the earth are extracted using large equipments. During the process dust and chemicals are released in the air causing massive air pollution. This is one of the reason which is responsible for the deteriorating health conditions of workers and nearby residents. 5. Indoor air pollution:ย Household cleaning products, painting supplies emit toxic chemicals in the air and cause air pollution. Have you ever noticed that once you paint walls of your house, it creates some sort of smell which makes it literally impossible for you to breathe. Suspended particulate matter popular by its acronym SPM, is another cause of pollution. Referring to the particles afloat in the air, SPM is usually caused by dust, combustion etc.
- 1. Respiratory and heart problems:ย The effects of Air pollution are alarming. They are known to create several respiratory and heart conditions along with Cancer, among other threats to the body. Several millions are known to have died due to direct or indirect effects of Air pollution. Children in areas exposed to air pollutants are said to commonly suffer from pneumonia and asthma. 2. Global warming:ย Another direct effect is the immediate alterations that the world is witnessing due toย Global warming. With increased temperatures world wide, increase in sea levels and melting of ice from colder regions and icebergs, displacement and loss of habitat have already signaled an impending disaster if actions for preservation and normalization arenโt undertaken soon. 3. Acid Rain:ย Harmful gases like nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides are released into the atmosphere during the burning ofย fossil fuels. When it rains, the water droplets combines with these air pollutants, becomes acidic and then falls on the ground in the form of acid rain.ย Acid rainย can cause great damage to human, animals and crops. 4. Effect on Wildlife:ย Just like humans, animals also face some devastating affects of air pollution. Toxic chemicals present in the air can force wildlife species to move to new place and change their habitat. The toxic pollutants deposit over the surface of the water and can also affect sea animals. 5. Depletion of Ozone layer:ย Ozone exists in earthโs stratosphere and is responsible for protecting humans from harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays. Earthโs ozone layer is depleting due to the presence of chlorofluorocarbons, hydro chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere. As ozone layer will go thin, it will emit harmful rays back on earth and can cause skin and eye related problems. UV rays also have the capability to affect crops.
- Death of aquatic (water) animalsโจThe main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that depends on these water bodies. Dead fish, crabs, birds and sea gulls, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in their habitat (living environment). Disruption of food-chainsโจPollution disrupts the naturalย food chainย as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all higher levels. DiseasesโจEventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. In many poor nations, there is always outbreak of cholera and diseases as a result of poor drinking water treatment from contaminated waters.โจDid you read about the Water contamination in Flint, Michigan, USA? Read here.โจ Destruction of ecosystemsโจEcosystemsย (the interaction of living things in a place, depending on each other for life) can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt humans in many ways.
- First of all we will know what sound pollution is.
- 1. Deforestation and soil erosion:ย Deforestationย carried out to create dry lands is one of the major concerns. Land that is once converted into a dry or barren land, can never be made fertile again, whatever the magnitude of ย measures to redeem it are. Land conversion, meaning the alteration or modification of the original properties of the land to make it use-worthy for a specific purpose is another major cause. This hampers the land immensely. Also there is a constant waste of land. Unused available land over the years turns barren; this land then cannot be used. So in search of more land, potent land is hunted and its indigenous state is compromised with. 2. Agricultural activities:ย With growing human population, demand for food has increased considerably. Farmers often use highly toxic fertilizers and pesticides to get rid off insects, fungi and bacteria from their crops. However with the overuse of these chemicals, they result in contamination and poisoning of soil. 3. Mining activities:ย During extraction and mining activities, several land spaces are created beneath the surface. We constant hear about land caving in; this is nothing but natureโs way of filling the spaces left out after mining or extraction activity. 4. Overcrowded landfills:ย Each household produces tones of garbage each year. Garbage like aluminum, plastic, paper, cloth, wood is collected and sent to the localย recyclingย unit. Items that can not be recycled become a part of the landfills that hampers the beauty of the city and cause land pollution. 5. Industrialization:ย Due to increase in demand for food, shelter and house, more goods are produced. This resulted in creation of more waste that needs to be disposed of.ย To meet the demand of the growing population, more industries were developed which led to deforestation. Research and development paved the way for modern fertilizers and chemicals that were highly toxic and led to soil contamination. 6. Construction activities:ย Due to urbanization, large amount of construction activities are taking place which has resulted in large waste articles like wood, metal, bricks, plastic that can be seen by naked eyes outside any building or office which is under construction. 7. Sewage treatment:ย Large amount of solid waste is leftover once the sewage has been treated. The leftover material is sent to landfill site which end up in polluting the environment.
- 1. Soil pollution: Soil pollution is another form of land pollution, where the upper layer of the soil is damaged. This is caused by the overuse of chemical fertilizers, soil erosion caused by running water and other pest control measures; this leads to loss of fertile land for agriculture, forest cover, fodder patches for grazing etc. 2. Change in climate patterns:ย The effects of land pollution are very hazardous and can lead to the loss of ecosystems. When land is polluted, it directly or indirectly affects theย climate patterns. 3. Environmental Impact:ย When deforestation is committed, the tree cover is compromised on. This leads to a steep imbalance in the rain cycle. A disturbed rain cycle affects a lot of factors. To begin with, the green cover is reduced. Trees and plants help balance the atmosphere, without them we are subjected to various concerns likeย Global warming, theย green house effect, irregular rainfall and flash floods among other imbalances. 4. Effect on human health:ย The land when contaminated with toxic chemicals and pesticides lead to problem of skin cancer and human respiratory system. The toxic chemicals can reach our body through foods and vegetables that we eat as they are grown in polluted soil. 5. Cause Air pollution:ย Landfills across the city keep on growing due to increase in waste and are later burned which leads to air pollution. They become home for rodents, mice etc which in turn transmit diseases. 6. Effect on wildlife:ย The animal kingdom has suffered mostly in the past decades. They face a serious threat with regards to loss of habitat and natural environment. The constant human activity on land, is leaving it polluted; forcing these species to move further away and adapt to new regions or die trying to adjust. Several species are pushed to the verge of extinction, due to no homeland. Other issues that we face include increased temperature, unseasonal weather activity,ย acid rainsย etc.ย The discharge of chemicals on land, makes it dangerous for the ecosystem too. These chemicals are consumed by the animals and plants and thereby make their way in the ecosystem. This process is called bio magnification and is a serious threat to the ecology.
- First of all we will know what sound pollution is.
- 1. Industrialization:ย Most of the industries use big machines which are capable of producing large amount of noise. Apart from that, various equipments like compressors, generators, exhaust fans, grinding mills also participate in producing big noise. Therefore, you must have seen workers in these factories and industries wearing ear plugs to minimize the effect of noise. 2. Poor Urban Planning:ย In most of the developing countries, poor urban planning also play a vital role. Congested houses, large families sharing small space, fight over parking, frequent fights over basic amenities leads to noise pollution which may disrupt the environment of society. 3. Social Events:ย Noise is at its peak in most of the social events. Whether it is marriage, parties, pub, disc or place of worship, people normally flout rules set by the local administration and create nuisance in the area. People play songs on full volume and dance till midnight which makes the condition of people living nearby pretty worse. In markets, you can see people selling clothes via making loud noise to attract the attention of people. 4. Transportation:ย Large number of vehicles on roads, aeroplanes flying over houses, underground trains produce heavy noise and people get it difficult to get accustomed to that. The high noise leads to a situation wherein a normal person lose the ability to hear properly. 5. Construction Activities:ย Under construction activities like mining, construction of bridges, dams, buildings, stations, roads, flyovers take place in almost every part of the world. These construction activities take place everyday as we need more buildings, bridges to accommodate more people and to reduce traffic congestion. The down point is that these construction equipments are too noisy. 6. Household Chores:ย We people are surrounded by gadgets and use them extensively in our daily life. Gadgets like TV, mobile , mixer grinder, pressure cooker, vacuum cleaners , washing machine and dryer, cooler, air conditioners are minor contributors to the amount of noise that is produced but it affects the quality of life of your neighborhood in a bad way. While this form of pollution may seem harmless, it in fact has far reaching consequences. The adverse effects on the health of the environment are quite severe. Not only is the local wildlife affected by the pollution, humans also face a number of problems due to it.
- 1. Hearing Problems:ย Any unwanted sound that our ears have not been built to filter can cause problems within the body. Our ears can take in a certain range of sounds without getting damaged. Man made noises such as jackhammers, horns, machinery, airplanes and even vehicles can be too loud for our hearing range. Constant exposure to loud levels of noise can easily result in the damage of our ear drums and loss of hearing. It also reduces our sensitivity to sounds that our ears pick up unconsciously to regulate our bodyโs rhythm. 2. Health Issues:ย Excessive noise pollution in working areas such as offices, construction sites, bars and even in our homes can influence psychological health. Studies show that the occurrence of aggressive behavior, disturbance of sleep, constant stress, fatigue and hypertension can be linked to excessive noise levels. These in turn can cause more severe and chronic health issues later in life. 3. Sleeping Disorders:ย Loud noise can certainly hamper your sleeping pattern and may lead to irritation and uncomfortable situations. Without a good night sleep, it may lead to problems related to fatigue and your performance may go down in office as well as at home. It is therefore recommended to take a sound sleep to give your body proper rest. 4. Cardiovascular Issues:ย Blood pressure levels, cardio-vascular disease and stress related heart problems are on the rise. Studies suggest that high intensity noise causes high blood pressure and increases heart beat rate as it disrupts the normal blood flow. Bringing them to a manageable level depends on our understanding noise pollution and how we tackle it. 5. Trouble Communicating:ย High decibel noise can put trouble and may not allow two people to communicate freely. This may lead to misunderstanding and you may get difficult understanding the other person. Constant sharp noise can give you severe headache andย disturb your emotional balance. 6. Effect on Wildlife:ย Wildlife faces far more problems than humans because noise pollution since they are more dependent on sound. Animals develop a better sense of hearing than us since their survival depends on it. The ill effects of excessive noise begin at home. Pets react more aggressively in households where there is constant noise. โจ