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The Androgynous Male

   Language and Culture
         WTUC
        Dec. 2006
Androgyny

• Androgyny is a term derived from the
  Greek words andras (άνδρας) (meaning
  man) and gyne (γυνή) (meaning woman)
  that can refer to two concepts regarding
  the mixing of both male and female
  genders or having a lack of gender
  identification.
What’s in the mix?
• The first is the mixing of masculine and
  feminine characteristics, be it the example
  of the loud fashion statements of
  musicians, like…
Group Discussion
• Think of popular movie/television icons
  (stars) that you know who have
  androgynous characteristics.
David Bowie
Annie Lenox
Michael Jackson
Grace Jones
• balance of "anima" and "animus" in
  Jungian psychoanalytic theory.
• The second is in describing something
  that is neither masculine nor feminine, for
  example the Hijras of India who are often
  described as "neither man nor woman".
• There are two ways of
  being a hijra. The first is to
  be born as an intersexual
  or hermaphrodite, the
  second is to be born with a
  male body but with a
  feminine gender identity. In
  both cases the person is
  "born as a hijra". You don`t
  become a hijra, you are a
  hijra "because Allah
  created you that way", as
  muslim hijras might add. (
  BBC news)
http://jolo.jmk.su.se/students/global04/other/individual/hijrawayofliving.htm
Androgynous Traits
• Androgynous traits are those that either
  have no gender value, or have some
  aspects generally attributed to the
  opposite gender.
Physiological Androgyny
• Physiological androgyny which deals with
  physical traits
Behavioral androgyny
• which deals with personal and social
  anomalies in gender
Psychological Androgyny
• psychological androgyny, which is a
  matter of gender identity

• A psychologically androgynous person is
  commonly known as an androgyne,
  although there is a politicized version
  known as genderqueer.
• To say that a culture or relationship is
  androgynous is to say that it lacks rigid
  gender roles and that the people involved
  display characteristics or partake in
  activities traditionally associated with the
  other gender.
• The term androgynous is often used to
  refer to a person whose look or build make
  determining their gender difficult but is
  generally not used as a synonym for
  actual intersexuality, transgender or
  two-spirit people.
Anime and Manga
• Japanese products in particular such as
   anime and manga tend to be the most
  prominent source in recent times for the
    display of androgynous characters.

            Anime
                                     Manga
•   Examples include Envy from
    Fullmetal Alchemist,




•   Haku and Deidara from Naruto,



•   Yuki Sohma from Fruits Basket,
    Luppi from Bleach,



•   Akame Nisei from Loveless,
    Sailor Uranus from Sailor Moon,
Video Games
• There are multiple examples of
  androgynous characters in video games
  as well. One example is Bridget from the
  Guilty Gear video game series.
• There are also many androgynous
  characters in the Final Fantasy video
  game series, such as Sephiroth (Final
  Fantasy VII).
• Raiden of Metal Gear Solid 2 was given
  an androgynous appearance on purpose
  so that both male and female players
  could relate to him and draw themselves
  deeper into the experience.
• This form of "beautiful boy" androgyny is
  known as bishōnen. Similar reasoning was
  behind the choice to make NiGHTS, the
  main character in the Sega Saturn game
  NiGHTS into Dreams, androgynous.
Nintendo 64
• In the Nintendo 64 game
  The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, the
  fictional character "Sheik" could also be
  labeled androgynous, because it is in fact
  Princess Zelda disguising herself as a
  man.
Pop Culture
• The movie Orlando follows
  the young nobleman
  Orlando, who lives through
  four centuries in Britain and
  changes sex on the way,
  ending up as an
  androgynous being.
Movie “Stargate”
• In the movie Stargate, the Egyptian god
  Ra is portrayed as an androgynous figure.
Star Trek
• In the episode of
  Star Trek: The Next Generation entitled
  The Outcast, The Enterprise helps an
  androgynous race.




   http://www.startrekdb.se/avsnitt/tng_bilder/the_outcast_4.jpg
Saturday Night Live
    • Saturday Night Live's popular character "Pat"
      played by Julia Sweeney, was portrayed as
      an androgynous figure.




http://www.planetout.com/images/misc/kiosk/popcornq/movienews/julia_sweeney.jpg
Group Discussion
• Think of religions or religious gods that
  you know who have androgynous
  characteristics.
• Describe their characteristics.
In Religious Beliefs
In keeping with the non-dual views of reality
  in Hindu, Buddhist and Taoist philosophy it
  is a common in their iconography to depict
  in every male some feminine aspect, and
  in every female some masculine aspect.
Hinduism
In Hinduism the god Shiva is often shown as
  half male and half female.




http://gallery.shaivam.org/image/shiva/shiva_lingam1.jpg
Taoist
• In the Taoist Yin-Yang circle there is a
  small yang "eye" in the yin and a small yin
  ‘eye" in the yang.
Buddhism
• In Vajrayana Buddhism this is depicted as
  the Yab-Yum figure or the female sitting
  on the lap of the male in a coital embrace
  (maithuna). East Asian Buddhism has its
  own versions of this sexual or gender non-
  duality.




  http://www.laborlimae.it/wp-content/yabyumamplessocosmico.jpg
Mi-Lo
                            The Chinese Maitreya (Mi-lo) is actually a
                              very hermaphroditic figure. His
                              symbolically pregnant belly, his enlarged
                              breasts, and the fact that he is often
                              depicted as surrounded by children is one
                              reason why Chinese women have
                              traditionally prayed for children to this
                              feminized figure. At the same time Mi-lo’s
                              laughing expression announces his
                              delight in, hence validation of, the world,
                              which is a characteristic of Feminine
                              Religion.
http://www.horne28.freeserve.co.uk/hot1.jpg
Kuan-Yin

                 • Kuan Yin, the East Asian
                    goddess of mercy was
                    originally the Indian male              http://www.salves.
                    deity Avalokiteshvara. Her              com.br/grav/tnk-
                                                            avalokiteshvara.jp
                    former gender is still                  g
                    hinted at by her being
                    depicted as extremely
                    flat-breasted and often as
                    having a slight
                    moustache.
http://www.fengshuidesigns.com/htm/white%20kuan%20yin.jpg
Faces of Buddha
     • Finally, the faces of the various Buddhas
       can be decidedly feminine; sometimes
       their lips are even colored red to
       emphasize their feminine quality.
                                                 Tibet
                                                                                                                      Himalayas




                                                        http://www.adventure-india-tour.com/leh-ladakh-himalayas-guide/gifs/ladakh-buddha.jpg
http://museum.oglethorpe.edu/BuddhasGallery/LivingBuddha-WTibet.jpg
Question to Ponder
      • Was Adam
        androgynous?

      • Discuss with your group
        mates and share your
        opinions in class.
• Only in rare cases are humans born with
  both male and female sexes. Estimates
  reveal that approximately 1% of the
  population is born with these traits.
Societal Norms about Gender
• Throughout most cultures the dominant
  view of gender is either male or female not
  both. This is the interpretation, especially
  in the western cultures according to
  Judeo-Christian tradition, which is "the
  arbiter of "natural" behavior of humans (p.
  1)."
Abnormal
• Now any possibility of human gender other
  than male or female in this mindset is
  considered abnormal. Thus, the birth of
  androgyny in these cultures was
  abnormal.
• A child that has both sexes faced many
  problems. Growing and development is
  the first problem. But the greater problem
  is facing and living in a society which has
  its own set of values and norms, where
  everyone is either male or female.
• In most cultures this represents a great
  psychological shock to the parents of the
  child. In past western cultures, especially
  Europe, these children were usually given
  up to the Church.
• in some cultures androgyny are seen as
  bad omens and the children are usually
  killed. This occurs where societies are
  superstitious.
• Dr. Lee argues “The irony of this situation is the
  profound ignorance that mankind, especially
  Christians who are supposed to have some
  knowledge of the scriptures, has of this
  phenomenon. The rejection of the androgyny
  shows that they have no understanding. Had the
  Christians understood Adam with Eve in him
  (Gn. 1:27), then they would treat androgyny with
  love and explain their purpose for being
  created.”
Science can explain
  • science can explain what causes
    androgyny in terms of some abnormality in
    the male and female sex chromosomes.
    Many people believe that androgynes are
    freaks of nature.




http://www.knowledgene.com/public/gene_school/your_gene.php3
http://www.knowledgene.com/public/view.php3?db=gene_school&uid=24
http://www.knowledgene.com/public/view.php3?db=gene_school&uid=24
Androgynous Male
http://www.knowledgene.com/public/view.php3?db=gene_school&uid=24
http://www.knowledgene.com/public/view.php3?db=gene_school&uid=24
http://www.bellaonline.com/misc/quiz/female/
• Are you a male, or a female? To find out, take this
  scientific quiz:
• Your department is on a tight deadline for developing a
  big sales proposal, but you've hit a dispute on a key point.
  You want to go one way; a co-worker named Bob strongly
  disagrees. To break the deadlock, you:

  a. Present your position, listen to the other side, then
  fashion a workable compromise.

  b. Punch Bob.
• 2. Your favorite football team is about to
  win the championship, but at the last
  minute, the victory is stolen away by a
  terrible referee's call. You:

  a. Remind yourself that it's just a game,
  and that there are far more important
  things in your life.

  b. Punch Bob again
• HOW TO SCORE: If you answered "b'' to both
  questions, then you are a male. I base this
  statement on a recent article in The New York
  Times about the way animals, including humans,
  respond to stress. According to the article, a
  group of psychology researchers have made the
  breakthrough discovery that -- prepare to be
  astounded -- males and females are different.
• The researchers discovered this by studying
  both humans and rats, which are very similar to
  humans except that they are not stupid enough
  to purchase lottery tickets. The studies show that
  when males are under stress, they respond by
  either fighting or running away (the so-called
  ``fight or flight'' syndrome); whereas females
  respond by nurturing others and making friends
  (the so-called ``tend and befriend'' syndrome).
• We know that if two males bump into each other,
  they will respond like this:

  FIRST MALE: Hey, watch it!

  SECOND MALE: No, YOU watch it!

  FIRST MALE: Oh yeah?

  (They deliberately bump into each other again.)
• Two females, in the identical situation, will
  respond like this:

  FIRST FEMALE: I'm sorry!

  SECOND FEMALE: No, it's my fault!

  FIRST FEMALE: Say, those are cute shoes!

  (They go shopping.)
Male tendency toward aggression
• The females, 97 percent of whom are dressed
  as either a ballerina or a princess, sit in little
  social groups and exchange candy.

  The males, 97 percent of whom are dressed as
  either Batman or a Power Ranger, run around
  making martial-arts noises and bouncing
  violently off each other like crazed subatomic
  particles.
Androgynous Male

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Androgynous Male

  • 1. The Androgynous Male Language and Culture WTUC Dec. 2006
  • 2. Androgyny • Androgyny is a term derived from the Greek words andras (άνδρας) (meaning man) and gyne (γυνή) (meaning woman) that can refer to two concepts regarding the mixing of both male and female genders or having a lack of gender identification.
  • 3. What’s in the mix? • The first is the mixing of masculine and feminine characteristics, be it the example of the loud fashion statements of musicians, like…
  • 4. Group Discussion • Think of popular movie/television icons (stars) that you know who have androgynous characteristics.
  • 9. • balance of "anima" and "animus" in Jungian psychoanalytic theory.
  • 10. • The second is in describing something that is neither masculine nor feminine, for example the Hijras of India who are often described as "neither man nor woman".
  • 11. • There are two ways of being a hijra. The first is to be born as an intersexual or hermaphrodite, the second is to be born with a male body but with a feminine gender identity. In both cases the person is "born as a hijra". You don`t become a hijra, you are a hijra "because Allah created you that way", as muslim hijras might add. ( BBC news) http://jolo.jmk.su.se/students/global04/other/individual/hijrawayofliving.htm
  • 12. Androgynous Traits • Androgynous traits are those that either have no gender value, or have some aspects generally attributed to the opposite gender.
  • 13. Physiological Androgyny • Physiological androgyny which deals with physical traits
  • 14. Behavioral androgyny • which deals with personal and social anomalies in gender
  • 15. Psychological Androgyny • psychological androgyny, which is a matter of gender identity • A psychologically androgynous person is commonly known as an androgyne, although there is a politicized version known as genderqueer.
  • 16. • To say that a culture or relationship is androgynous is to say that it lacks rigid gender roles and that the people involved display characteristics or partake in activities traditionally associated with the other gender.
  • 17. • The term androgynous is often used to refer to a person whose look or build make determining their gender difficult but is generally not used as a synonym for actual intersexuality, transgender or two-spirit people.
  • 18. Anime and Manga • Japanese products in particular such as anime and manga tend to be the most prominent source in recent times for the display of androgynous characters. Anime Manga
  • 19. Examples include Envy from Fullmetal Alchemist, • Haku and Deidara from Naruto, • Yuki Sohma from Fruits Basket, Luppi from Bleach, • Akame Nisei from Loveless, Sailor Uranus from Sailor Moon,
  • 20. Video Games • There are multiple examples of androgynous characters in video games as well. One example is Bridget from the Guilty Gear video game series.
  • 21. • There are also many androgynous characters in the Final Fantasy video game series, such as Sephiroth (Final Fantasy VII).
  • 22. • Raiden of Metal Gear Solid 2 was given an androgynous appearance on purpose so that both male and female players could relate to him and draw themselves deeper into the experience.
  • 23. • This form of "beautiful boy" androgyny is known as bishōnen. Similar reasoning was behind the choice to make NiGHTS, the main character in the Sega Saturn game NiGHTS into Dreams, androgynous.
  • 24. Nintendo 64 • In the Nintendo 64 game The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, the fictional character "Sheik" could also be labeled androgynous, because it is in fact Princess Zelda disguising herself as a man.
  • 25. Pop Culture • The movie Orlando follows the young nobleman Orlando, who lives through four centuries in Britain and changes sex on the way, ending up as an androgynous being.
  • 26. Movie “Stargate” • In the movie Stargate, the Egyptian god Ra is portrayed as an androgynous figure.
  • 27. Star Trek • In the episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation entitled The Outcast, The Enterprise helps an androgynous race. http://www.startrekdb.se/avsnitt/tng_bilder/the_outcast_4.jpg
  • 28. Saturday Night Live • Saturday Night Live's popular character "Pat" played by Julia Sweeney, was portrayed as an androgynous figure. http://www.planetout.com/images/misc/kiosk/popcornq/movienews/julia_sweeney.jpg
  • 29. Group Discussion • Think of religions or religious gods that you know who have androgynous characteristics. • Describe their characteristics.
  • 30. In Religious Beliefs In keeping with the non-dual views of reality in Hindu, Buddhist and Taoist philosophy it is a common in their iconography to depict in every male some feminine aspect, and in every female some masculine aspect.
  • 31. Hinduism In Hinduism the god Shiva is often shown as half male and half female. http://gallery.shaivam.org/image/shiva/shiva_lingam1.jpg
  • 32. Taoist • In the Taoist Yin-Yang circle there is a small yang "eye" in the yin and a small yin ‘eye" in the yang.
  • 33. Buddhism • In Vajrayana Buddhism this is depicted as the Yab-Yum figure or the female sitting on the lap of the male in a coital embrace (maithuna). East Asian Buddhism has its own versions of this sexual or gender non- duality. http://www.laborlimae.it/wp-content/yabyumamplessocosmico.jpg
  • 34. Mi-Lo The Chinese Maitreya (Mi-lo) is actually a very hermaphroditic figure. His symbolically pregnant belly, his enlarged breasts, and the fact that he is often depicted as surrounded by children is one reason why Chinese women have traditionally prayed for children to this feminized figure. At the same time Mi-lo’s laughing expression announces his delight in, hence validation of, the world, which is a characteristic of Feminine Religion. http://www.horne28.freeserve.co.uk/hot1.jpg
  • 35. Kuan-Yin • Kuan Yin, the East Asian goddess of mercy was originally the Indian male http://www.salves. deity Avalokiteshvara. Her com.br/grav/tnk- avalokiteshvara.jp former gender is still g hinted at by her being depicted as extremely flat-breasted and often as having a slight moustache. http://www.fengshuidesigns.com/htm/white%20kuan%20yin.jpg
  • 36. Faces of Buddha • Finally, the faces of the various Buddhas can be decidedly feminine; sometimes their lips are even colored red to emphasize their feminine quality. Tibet Himalayas http://www.adventure-india-tour.com/leh-ladakh-himalayas-guide/gifs/ladakh-buddha.jpg http://museum.oglethorpe.edu/BuddhasGallery/LivingBuddha-WTibet.jpg
  • 37. Question to Ponder • Was Adam androgynous? • Discuss with your group mates and share your opinions in class.
  • 38. • Only in rare cases are humans born with both male and female sexes. Estimates reveal that approximately 1% of the population is born with these traits.
  • 39. Societal Norms about Gender • Throughout most cultures the dominant view of gender is either male or female not both. This is the interpretation, especially in the western cultures according to Judeo-Christian tradition, which is "the arbiter of "natural" behavior of humans (p. 1)."
  • 40. Abnormal • Now any possibility of human gender other than male or female in this mindset is considered abnormal. Thus, the birth of androgyny in these cultures was abnormal.
  • 41. • A child that has both sexes faced many problems. Growing and development is the first problem. But the greater problem is facing and living in a society which has its own set of values and norms, where everyone is either male or female.
  • 42. • In most cultures this represents a great psychological shock to the parents of the child. In past western cultures, especially Europe, these children were usually given up to the Church.
  • 43. • in some cultures androgyny are seen as bad omens and the children are usually killed. This occurs where societies are superstitious.
  • 44. • Dr. Lee argues “The irony of this situation is the profound ignorance that mankind, especially Christians who are supposed to have some knowledge of the scriptures, has of this phenomenon. The rejection of the androgyny shows that they have no understanding. Had the Christians understood Adam with Eve in him (Gn. 1:27), then they would treat androgyny with love and explain their purpose for being created.”
  • 45. Science can explain • science can explain what causes androgyny in terms of some abnormality in the male and female sex chromosomes. Many people believe that androgynes are freaks of nature. http://www.knowledgene.com/public/gene_school/your_gene.php3
  • 52. • Are you a male, or a female? To find out, take this scientific quiz: • Your department is on a tight deadline for developing a big sales proposal, but you've hit a dispute on a key point. You want to go one way; a co-worker named Bob strongly disagrees. To break the deadlock, you: a. Present your position, listen to the other side, then fashion a workable compromise. b. Punch Bob.
  • 53. • 2. Your favorite football team is about to win the championship, but at the last minute, the victory is stolen away by a terrible referee's call. You: a. Remind yourself that it's just a game, and that there are far more important things in your life. b. Punch Bob again
  • 54. • HOW TO SCORE: If you answered "b'' to both questions, then you are a male. I base this statement on a recent article in The New York Times about the way animals, including humans, respond to stress. According to the article, a group of psychology researchers have made the breakthrough discovery that -- prepare to be astounded -- males and females are different.
  • 55. • The researchers discovered this by studying both humans and rats, which are very similar to humans except that they are not stupid enough to purchase lottery tickets. The studies show that when males are under stress, they respond by either fighting or running away (the so-called ``fight or flight'' syndrome); whereas females respond by nurturing others and making friends (the so-called ``tend and befriend'' syndrome).
  • 56. • We know that if two males bump into each other, they will respond like this: FIRST MALE: Hey, watch it! SECOND MALE: No, YOU watch it! FIRST MALE: Oh yeah? (They deliberately bump into each other again.)
  • 57. • Two females, in the identical situation, will respond like this: FIRST FEMALE: I'm sorry! SECOND FEMALE: No, it's my fault! FIRST FEMALE: Say, those are cute shoes! (They go shopping.)
  • 58. Male tendency toward aggression • The females, 97 percent of whom are dressed as either a ballerina or a princess, sit in little social groups and exchange candy. The males, 97 percent of whom are dressed as either Batman or a Power Ranger, run around making martial-arts noises and bouncing violently off each other like crazed subatomic particles.