There are five main ways to motivate employees: through intrinsic process, instrumental rewards, external reputation, internal challenge, and goal internalization. Effective motivation requires understanding each employee's individual motivators rather than assuming one-size-fits-all approaches like money or fear. Long-term motivation comes from aligning an employee's goals with the company's and viewing motivation as an ongoing process of understanding individual needs.

1. Employee Motivation Prepared for Underground Vaults & Storage, Inc 04/2010