22. Malaria
300 million infections/year
3 million deaths/year, mostly in Africa
Drugs - Most strains of Plasmodium falciparum are
resistant to chloroquine and its derivatives.
Best Control Method: Eliminate breeding sites for vector
species of mosquitoes.
Examples:
Ancient Rome - Construct city of Ostia
South Eastern USA drained swamps, creating new farmland.
31. Many Tropical Infectious Diseases Are
Transmitted At The Agricultural
Interface
Malaria
Hookworm
Ascaris
Trichuris
Schistosomiasis
Filariasis
Nipha
32.
33. Geohelminths (hookworm, ascaris, trichuris)
Eliminate feces as an environmental contaminant and you effectively
control the spread all parasitic diseases spread by fecal-oral route.
Two approaches, two different outcomes:
United States :
The birth of the outhouse. This single architectural
wonder controlled all fecally-transmitted infections:
viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and helminths.
Southeast Asia and China:
Ferment feces before using
it as fertilizer on crops: eliminated hookworm.
44. Vibrant,
successful cities
are not only
possible but
necessary for the
health of society
and our planet.
Urban Ecology
plans and designs
cities that sustain
the people,
natural
resources, and
economy
necessary for
everyone to
thrive.
http://www.urbanecology.org/
45. Advantages Of Vertical Farming
• Year-round crop production
• No weather related crop failures due to droughts, floods
• Eliminates agricultural runoff
• Converts black water to potable water
• Greatly reduces the incidence of many infectious diseases
• Adds energy back to the grid via methane generation
• Dramatically reduces fossil fuel use (no tractors, plows, etc.)
• Converts abandoned urban properties into food production
• Sustainability for urban centers
• Creates new employment opportunities
• Returns farm land to nature, restoring ecosystem services
• Reduces the incidence of armed conflict over natural
resources, such as water and land for agriculture
46. Advantages Of Vertical Farming
Adds energy back to the grid via methane generation
What A Difference A Day Makes
August 14th August 15th
47. Advantages Of Vertical Farming
Returns farm land to nature,
restoring ecosystem services
51. Medical Ecology
Class of 2003*
Kristin Anderson
Nicola Areshenko
Alan Brown
Jennifer Buskey
Amanda Colligan
Marisa Dahlman
Catherine Dell’Orto
Catherine Tuglus
*Steven Chen- technical advisor
52. How It Could Work
Sustainability through re-cycling
