VOCATIONAL TRAINING REPORT
Student Name : AKHILESH PAIKRA
University Roll No : 3013714011
Department : MECHANICAL (BIT, Durg)
Training Company : Bhilai Steel Plant

CONTENT :-
 SAIL - An Overview
 Bhilai Steel Plant - An Overview
 Production in Plant
 Flowchart of Steel Formation
 Raw Materials
 Plate Mill
 Mars-I
 Major Products
 Achievements

SAIL - An Overview
 Steel Authority Of India Limited
 Largest steel making company in India
 An annual turnover of ₹ 51866 crore.
 One of the seven Maharatnas of the country's Central Public Sector
Enterprises.
 SAIL traces its origin to the Hindustan Steel Limited (HSL) which was set up
on 19 January 1954
 Annual production of 13.5 million metric tons
 24th largest steel producer in the world

Five Integrated Steel Plant
Three Special Plants at Salem, Durgapur and Bhadravathi
 Also Owns a Alloy Plant at Chandrapur
 Head Quarter in New Delhi
 Major products are Steel, flat steel products, long steel
products, wire products , plates
PLANT START COLLABORATOR
BSP(Bhilai) 1959 USSR
RSP(Rourkela) 1959 GERMANY
BSP(Durgapur) 1960 UK
BSL(Bokaro) 1964 USSR
ISP(IISCO) 2006 PRIVATE

BHILAI STEEL PLANT
 Bhilai Steel Plant is located in Bhilai in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh
 a unit of Steel Authority of India Ltd.
 India's first and main producer of steel rails, as well as a major producer of wide steel plates and other steel
products
 Inaugurated at 1959 in collaboration with USSR
 eleven-times winner of the Prime Minister's Trophy for best integrated steel plant in the country
 Sole supplier of the country's longest rail tracks, which measure 260 metres (850 ft)
 Annual production capacity of 3.153 MT of saleable steel
 Covers an area of about 36 sq.kms
 Total Rail track inside – 365 KM
 SAIL’S most profitable plant

PRODUCTION IN PLANT
Product Mix Tonnes/annum
Semis 533,000
Rail & heavy structural 750,000
Merchant Products (angles, channels &TMT bars) 500,000
Wire Rods (TMT, Plain & ribbed) 420,000
Plates (Upto 3600 mm wide) 950,000
Total seleable steel 3,153,000
 There are around 46 factories are registered inside Bhilai Steel Plant.

FLOW CHART OF STEEL FORMATION

RAW MATERIALS FOR BHILAI STEEL PLANT
#
Raw Material Source State Consumer Unit
1. Iron Ore Fines Dalli Rajhara C.G. SP-I,II,III
2. Iron Ore Lumps Dalli Rajhara C.G. BFs
3. High Silica Lime Stone Nandini C.G. SP-I,II,III
4. High Silica Dolomite Hirri Mines C.G. SP-I,II,III
5. Low Silica Lime Stone
Jaiselmer , Katni,
Kuteshwar
Rajasthan
M.P.
RMP-II, SMS-II
6. High Silica Manganese Ore Ramteke Tirodi Maharastra BF-I,VII
7. Coal (Indigenous)
Bhojudih,
Sudamdih,Nandan,
Rajarappa,Swan
Jharkhand Coke Ovens
8. Coal (Imported)
Australia,
New Zealand
Abroad Coke Ovens

Safety (Do’s ) in the Industry
Do’s-
• Punctuality (timeliness),
• Maintaining healthy and cordial relationship with the people in
organization.
• Understanding the work culture.
• Obeying direct orders from the seniors.
• Showing a sense of belonging with the organization.
• Maintaining proper Line and Staff Relationship with the seniors and
subordinates (If Any).

Don’ts in the Industry
•Don’ts
• Do not take the training lightly and casually.
• Do not give an impression that you are doing the training just for the
sake of it. Put your heart and soul.
• Do not involve in internal politics.
• Do not reveal you weaknesses.
• Do not lie to your seniors.
• Do not waste your time.
• Do not copy any material. Be original.
• Do not go for leave unless it is indispensable.
• Do not ask for favours.

INTRODUCTION TO PLATE MILL
With the commissioning of 3600 mm Plate Mill under 4 MT expansion programme,
Bhilai has entered into the area of flat products in a big way. This giant rolling mill
complex which extends to over a kilometer in length has an overall covered area of
about 15680 m². It consists of six main bays; 1-3 bays of span 36 meters each, 2 bays of
span 30 meters each and one bay of 18 meters span, also, two open gantries for scrap
removal. The mill is intended for an annual production of 0.95 million tonnes of
finished plates in 5600 operating hours. The thickness of the plates range from 5120
mm. It is called 3600 mm Plate Mill because the barrel length of the work roll is 3600
mm.
Continuously cast slabs in the length range of 5.6-10.2 M are delivered in hot
condition to the slab yard. These slabs are cut to smaller lengths in 3 non flame
cutting machines as per requirement. Inspection and conditioning is carried out after
cutting of the slabs to the required sizes. Inspected slabs with proper identification
are supplied to Plate Mill.

The sequence of operations are : Slab heating, descaling, rolling, levelling, cooling, inspection
and shearing to required size. Heating of slabs is done in three continuous double row pusher
type furnaces with an estimated capacity of 120 T/hr each. These furnaces have five heating
zones : Soaking Zone, top and bottom preheating zone, top and bottom heating zone. The
soaking zone has a flat roof with sixteen small capacity vertical burners through the roof. The
other four zones have six burners each. Mixed gas of calorific value 2500 K cal/cum is used as
a fuel. In time of gas shortage, provision for oil firing is also there in the four zones, heating
and preheating zones. Air for combustion is supplied by individual blowers. This is preheated
in multicellular cross parallel flow type of metallic recuperators. The slabs move on skid pipes
in the heating and preheating zones and over a solid hearth in the soaking zone. The skid
pipes are cooled by evaporative cooling system instead of the conventional water cooling
system. The solid hearth in the soaking zone is made of electro cast corundum blocks.
Programmed slabs from the slab yard are placed by the means of overhead crane of the
lifting and lowering table. The slabs are pushed one by one on the charging side roller
table. The slabs are positioned with respect to the furnace skids with the help of movable
hydraulic stopper. They are pushed in to the furnace in cold condition for heating up to the
required temperature. The first slab on the delivery side is pushed to pre-determined
position by the pusher and then it is extracted by shock free slab extractors.

Plate Production Process

MAJOR MODIFICATIONS
• Thyristorisation of vertical stand.
• Conversion of mech pusher before cross cut shear into hydraulic
pusher.
• Modification of lubrication system of reheating furnace blower
providing individual lubrication system.
• Conversion of crane no. 23 from hook type to magnet type.
• Replacement of all USSR made hydraulic distributors by German
made distributors.
• Modification of pilers from mech. drive into hydraulic drive for its
lifting mechanism.
• In-house development and commissioning of hot reserves for
various roll tables of Plate Mill.
• Provision of width digital display in CP-8 for measuring post to
achieve better width control.
• Modification of Cold Punching Machine line No. 2 by providing
compressed nitrogen supply as an additional source of energy.
• Development, fabrication and installation of rescue ladder for roof

MACHINE ASSEMBLY & RE-ENGINEERING SERVICES-ii
MARS-II is the new machine shop which is built under 4 MT expansion of BSP to cater
to the spares and assemblies requirements of Convertor Shop, Continuous Casting Shop,
and Plate Mill. The shop has got two machining bays (Light bay and Heavy & Medium bay
78 x 24 M each), and one Assembly bay (72 x 24 M) which forms a Tee with the
machining bays.
Working Area of the shop : 5161 M2
Electrical Power : 1 MVA
CAPACITY
 Annual Machining Capacity : 2200T
 Annual Assembly Capacity : 6000T
Main assemblies done are 5-roll set, 8-roll set,10-roll set, and Pinch rolls used in Slab
Caster of Continuous Casting Shop.

MAIN EQUIPMENT
1 Vertical Boarding machine : 1 No
2 Horizontal Boarding Machine : 1 No
3 HMT Lathe : 8 Nos
4 Cylindrical Grinding Machine : 1 No
5 Heavy Duty Lathe : 1 No
6 Plano Milling Machine : 1 No
7 HMT Horizontal Milling Machine : 1 No
8 HMT Universal Milling Machine : 1 No
9 Slotting Machine : 2 Nos
10 Shaping Machine : 1 No
11 Thread Cutting Machine : 1 No
12 AutoWelding Machine 10T : 1 No

ACHIEVEMENTS & HIGHLIGHTS
• Production of 10 MT of finished plates. (by Dec 01)
• Export of 3 MT of finished plates. (till Dec 01)
• Achievement of 88.91% ever best yield (July 02) and going up further.
• Lubricant consumption reduced to 1466 barrels per year from 1536
barrels.
• Achievement of ever best specific fuel consumption of 593 M Cal/T.
(July 02 onwards)
• Certification of ISO:9000 Quality Management System.(Dec 94) -
Certification of ISO:14001 Environment Management System.
(July 99) - Production of 7.1 mm thick wider plates.
• Increase in production of special steel by 35 % of the total
production.
• Saving of 50 crores in power consumption through various energy
conservation measures since inception

• Development and supply of normalized rolled, Temperature
controlled rolled, and controlled cooled plates to home sales and
international market.
• Supply of ultrasonic tested checker plates in the market :
*Mild steel upto 80 mm thick.
*Boiler Quality and high tensile upto 60 mm thick.
• Development and commercial supply of ASTM A 537 C1-I and BS-
1501-224 Gr. 490 A LT-50 grades of plates in the market.
• Major and regular exporter of plates in SAIL.