Tools and technology to support rich community heritage

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Paper presented at British HCI Conference (BHCI2022), Keele, UK. 11-13 July 2022. https://www.alandix.com/academic/papers/BHCI2022-community/ This paper explores ways in which scholarly skill and expertise might be embodied in tools and sustainable practices that enable communities to create and manage their own digital archives. We focus particularly on tools and practices related to the recording and annotation of digitised materials. The paper is based on co-production practice in two very different kinds of community. Although the communities are different we find that tools designed specifically for one are valuable for others, thus offering the promise of general tools to support community-centred digitisation and potentially also traditional archival practice.

Technology

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:British_Museum_from_NE_2.JPG
https://www.bl.uk/collection-guides/the-kings-library
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Colosseo_2020.jpg
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/02/isis-destruction-of-palmyra-syria-heart-been-ripped-out-of-the-city

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_history#/media/File:03_sendia.jpg
https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/lifestyle/13601040.memories-west-george-street-in-1940/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Daniel_Ridgway_Knight_-_Coffee_in_the_garden.jpg

lessons
expertise of the community
… but fragility and precarity
community history
intimately connected to family history
personal stories are often universal stories
filing systems stuck in the 1970s
need better ways to annotate and connect
people, places and artefacts
elicit knowledge and stories

prototype
TalkOver
capturing stories about photographs

InterMusE team
Illinois Rachel Cowgill
Alan Dix
Simon McVeigh
Rupert Ridgwell
Charlotte Armstrong
Maureen Reagan
J. Stephen Downie
Christina Bashford
Mike Twidale
York, BL
Swansea
USA
UK

communities and archives
connecting to community:
Krannert, Illinois
Borthwick, York
from community:
British Musical Societies
Huddersfield, York, Belfast

open and scholarly
● scalable
● incremental
● auditable
● updateable
● connected
● accessible
high volume
community scan
low volume
high quality
professional scan
if needed
obtain hi-res
community
use
scholarly
use

challenge
reconcile
community
empowerment
scholarly
authority

lessons
many similar:
community expertise, fragility and precarity
community history & family history
universality of the local
better ways to annotate and connect
in addition:
digitise raw material
catalogue semi-structured information

prototype
OcrMarkup
from text to meaning

HUDD~RSFIELD MUSIC CLUB
..... 'cl.tm' &. J, Il.RUCI!, Eoq., , ....
HIGHFIELD HAll .. NEW NORTH ROAD
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18TH, 1926 AT 7,4.5
FLONZALEY
STRING QUARTET
LeadinR Violin
Violin
Viola
'Cello
PROGRAMME
ADOLFO BETTI
ALFRED POCHON
NICOLAS MOLDAVAN
IVAN D'ARCHAMBEAU
PRICE SIXPENCE
H ..... Muie.1 Di • ..,.o •. A. I!AGLI!FII!LO HULL, M" •. I)oe. (
1100 ~'H"Y. AL8ERT LUNN. 8 .... m.' Clo ... !!d,.,,_. l-I"dd .. .,
H ..... TI"N ........ F. W. CADS8Y. Nui ..... J P .... l.d.J U ... k. L,d.

human-intensive intervention
needed for
meaningful semantics

Discovering
Shared Value
… and swopsies!

annotation
& narrative
stages …
collection
curation &
organisation
communication
& sharing

community co-production
⇒ bespoke design
⇒ general solutions

Try them for yourself!
https://alandix.com/labs/
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/BHCI2022-community/

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Building a community that embraces diversity https://www.swansea.ac.uk/science/epsrc-centre-for-doctoral-training/ Recruiting now for 2022 Intake. Deadline for applications 25th March Join us and change the world * Creative training to help you achieve your academic potential•Collaboration with industry partners on people-first research projects to solve real-world problems • Support from world-leading academics in fields of Computational Science and Mathematical excellence • Gain an MSc in your first year of study, going on to achieve a PhD by fourth year of study • Fully funded places available (fees plus maintenance stipend set at the UKRI rate, currently £15,609 per annum for 2021/22 for full-time students, updated each year) Based at the Computational Foundry, Swansea's £32.5 million state of the art research centre a stone's throw from the beautiful beaches of the Gower. We welcome applications from anyone who can help in the mission of the Centre • You should have an aptitude in computational thinking including the ability to write software (or enthusiasm to learn) • This may be evidenced by a degree in Computer Science, Physics, Engineering or Mathematics • Arts and Humanities, Social Sciences, Law, and Management graduates are also encouraged to apply Visit our website to find out application details, videos from our students, staff and academic partners on what life is like at the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Enhancing Human Interactions and Collaborations with Data and Intelligence Driven Systems: https://www.swansea.ac.uk/science/epsrc-centre-for-doctoral-training/

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The presentation explores the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) from its inception to its current status in the modern world. The term "artificial intelligence" was first coined by John McCarthy in 1956 to describe efforts to develop computer programs capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. This concept was first introduced at a conference held at Dartmouth College, where programs demonstrated capabilities such as playing chess, proving theorems, and interpreting texts. In the early stages, Alan Turing contributed to the field by defining intelligence as the ability of a being to respond to certain questions intelligently, proposing what is now known as the Turing Test to evaluate the presence of intelligent behavior in machines. As the decades progressed, AI evolved significantly. The 1980s focused on machine learning, teaching computers to learn from data, leading to the development of models that could improve their performance based on their experiences. The 1990s and 2000s saw further advances in algorithms and computational power, which allowed for more sophisticated data analysis techniques, including data mining. By the 2010s, the proliferation of big data and the refinement of deep learning techniques enabled AI to become mainstream. Notable milestones included the success of Google's AlphaGo and advancements in autonomous vehicles by companies like Tesla and Waymo. A major theme of the presentation is the application of generative AI, which has been used for tasks such as natural language text generation, translation, and question answering. Generative AI uses large datasets to train models that can then produce new, coherent pieces of text or other media. The presentation also discusses the ethical implications and the need for regulation in AI, highlighting issues such as privacy, bias, and the potential for misuse. These concerns have prompted calls for comprehensive regulations to ensure the safe and equitable use of AI technologies. Artificial intelligence has also played a significant role in healthcare, particularly highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic, where it was used in drug discovery, vaccine development, and analyzing the spread of the virus. The capabilities of AI in healthcare are vast, ranging from medical diagnostics to personalized medicine, demonstrating the technology's potential to revolutionize fields beyond just technical or consumer applications. In conclusion, AI continues to be a rapidly evolving field with significant implications for various aspects of society. The development from theoretical concepts to real-world applications illustrates both the potential benefits and the challenges that come with integrating advanced technologies into everyday life. The ongoing discussion about AI ethics and regulation underscores the importance of managing these technologies responsibly to maximize their their benefits while minimizing potential harms.

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Discord is a free app offering voice, video, and text chat functionalities, primarily catering to the gaming community. It serves as a hub for users to create and join servers tailored to their interests. Discord’s ecosystem comprises servers, each functioning as a distinct online community with its own channels dedicated to specific topics or activities. Users can engage in text-based discussions, voice calls, or video chats within these channels. Understanding Discord Servers Discord servers are virtual spaces where users congregate to interact, share content, and build communities. Servers may revolve around gaming, hobbies, interests, or fandoms, providing a platform for like-minded individuals to connect. Communication Features Discord offers a range of communication tools, including text channels for messaging, voice channels for real-time audio conversations, and video channels for face-to-face interactions. These features facilitate seamless communication and collaboration. What Does NSFW Mean? The acronym NSFW stands for “Not Safe For Work,” indicating content that may be inappropriate for professional or public settings. NSFW Content NSFW content encompasses material that is sexually explicit, violent, or otherwise graphic in nature. It often includes nudity, profanity, or depictions of sensitive topics.

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Tools and technology to support rich community heritage

1. Tools and technology to support rich community heritage Alan Dix Computational Foundry Swansea University Rachel Cowgill Department of Music University of York https://alandix.com/academic/papers/BHCI2022-community/ Troedrhiwfuwch Team InterMusE Team

2. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:British_Museum_from_NE_2.JPG https://www.bl.uk/collection-guides/the-kings-library https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Colosseo_2020.jpg https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/02/isis-destruction-of-palmyra-syria-heart-been-ripped-out-of-the-city

3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rural_history#/media/File:03_sendia.jpg https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/lifestyle/13601040.memories-west-george-street-in-1940/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Daniel_Ridgway_Knight_-_Coffee_in_the_garden.jpg

4. Troedrhiwfuwch tales of a lost land

5. Troedrhiwfuwch … on the ground

6. a living community

7. envisionments

8. prototypes

9. existing digital archive

10. lessons expertise of the community … but fragility and precarity community history intimately connected to family history personal stories are often universal stories filing systems stuck in the 1970s need better ways to annotate and connect people, places and artefacts elicit knowledge and stories

11. prototype TalkOver capturing stories about photographs

12. rich stories

13. TalkOver

14.

15. InterMusE team Illinois Rachel Cowgill Alan Dix Simon McVeigh Rupert Ridgwell Charlotte Armstrong Maureen Reagan J. Stephen Downie Christina Bashford Mike Twidale York, BL Swansea USA UK

16. communities and archives connecting to community: Krannert, Illinois Borthwick, York from community: British Musical Societies Huddersfield, York, Belfast

17. democratise digitisation capture

18. open and scholarly ● scalable ● incremental ● auditable ● updateable ● connected ● accessible high volume community scan low volume high quality professional scan if needed obtain hi-res community use scholarly use

19. challenge reconcile community empowerment scholarly authority

20. lessons many similar: community expertise, fragility and precarity community history & family history universality of the local better ways to annotate and connect in addition: digitise raw material catalogue semi-structured information

21. prototype OcrMarkup from text to meaning

22. HUDD~RSFIELD MUSIC CLUB ..... 'cl.tm' &. J, Il.RUCI!, Eoq., , .... HIGHFIELD HAll .. NEW NORTH ROAD WEDNESDAY, APRIL 18TH, 1926 AT 7,4.5 FLONZALEY STRING QUARTET LeadinR Violin Violin Viola 'Cello PROGRAMME ADOLFO BETTI ALFRED POCHON NICOLAS MOLDAVAN IVAN D'ARCHAMBEAU PRICE SIXPENCE H ..... Muie.1 Di • ..,.o •. A. I!AGLI!FII!LO HULL, M" •. I)oe. ( 1100 ~'H"Y. AL8ERT LUNN. 8 .... m.' Clo ... !!d,.,,_. l-I"dd .. ., H ..... TI"N ........ F. W. CADS8Y. Nui ..... J P .... l.d.J U ... k. L,d.

23.

24. OcrMarkup

25. human-intensive intervention needed for meaningful semantics

26. Discovering Shared Value … and swopsies!

27. annotation & narrative stages … collection curation & organisation communication & sharing

28. Troedrhiwfuwch

29. community co-production ⇒ bespoke design ⇒ general solutions

30. Try them for yourself! https://alandix.com/labs/ https://alandix.com/academic/papers/BHCI2022-community/

Editor's Notes

● scalable: all techniques need to scale or the project will not be sustainable post-funding ● incremental: allowing different threads and parts to evolve at different rates ● auditable: being able to trace who did what, where, and when ● updateable: so that a new, higher-quality, IIIF-compliant scan can be added without invalidating previous work that was connected to the old, lower-cost scan ● connected: so that it is more than a collection of individual items, but allows scholar- and community-driven investigation ● accessible: to as broad a range of different user communities as possible

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