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MEZOPOTAMYA
MEDENİYETİNİN
BİLİME KATKISI
ALİ YAYMAN
122003026
MATEMATİK
Sümerler
 matematik ve geometrinin temellerini
atmışlardır:
 Dört işlemi bulmuşlar,
 Dairenin 360 dereceye bölünmesini
bulmuşlardır.
MEZOPOTAMYA MEDENIYETININ BILIME
KATKISI
60 tabanlı ve konumsal bir rakam
sistemleri vardı.
 dört işlem yapmayı ve karekök almayı
biliyorlardı.
 Cebirin kurucusudurlar, 1. ve 2. derece
denklemleri çözümlemişlerdir.
Babilliler Pi sayısını kullanmışlar ve
yaklaşık olarak değerini 3 olarak
hesaplamışlardır.
ASTRONOMİ
Sümerler, zamanı altmış dakikalık
saatlerde ölçen ilk insanlardır.
Babilli astronomlar gündönümü ve
tutulmaları hesaplayabiliyorlardı.
Burçları ilk Sümerler bulmuştur ve
günümüze değin gelmiştir.
Güneş saatini icat etmişlerdir.
Dünyada ilk kez ay yılı hesabına
dayanan takvimi Sümerler
bulmuşlardır.
DİN ↔ ASTRONOMİ
Mezopotamya’da din,
 hekimlik ve
 astronomi gibi pozitif bilimlerin
doğmasına da çok yardımcı oldu.
 Tanrıların yıldızlarla
özdeşleştirilmesi özellikle astronomi
biliminin gelişimine büyük katkıda
bulundu. Astronomi olayları ile çok ilgili
olan gökbilimciler, gök cisimlerini,
Güneş ve Ay tutulmalarını incelediler.
YAZI↔BİLİM
Çivi yazısı da denen Sümer yazısı en
eski yazıdır. Bu yazı kil tabletler
üzerine yazılıyor, sonra bu tabletler
pişiriliyordu.
Çivi yazısında, kavramları belirtmek
için köşeli simgeler kullanılırdı.
Bulunan tabletlerin üzerindeki yazılar
din, matematik, yasalar, bilim ve başka
konulara ilişkindir. Asurluların,
tarihlerindeki büyük olayları kayda
geçiren ilk halk olduğunu söylenebilir.
TIP
Hastalıklar büyük ölçüde dinsel,
büyüsel ve tabii sebeplerle
açıklandığından, Mezopotamya tıbbını
büyüden ayırmak güçtür.
Bitki, hayvan ve maden kaynaklı
ilaçlarla hastalıkları tedavi etmeye
çalışırlardı. Bir araştırmacıya göre,
tıbbın teorisini bârû ve asipûlara
bırakarak, özellikle tıbbın ampirik ve
objektif yönleriyle ilgilenmekteydiler.
TEDAVİ
Mezopotamya tıbbında 3 temel tedavi
prensibi benimsenmişti:
1: Tanrının öfkesini yatıştırma,
2: Vücuda giren kötü ruhu büyüsel
işlemlerle kovma, korkutup kaçırma,
3:Hastalığa uygun ilaçlar kullanma.

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