15. Acronyms, NewTerms
UAV- UnmannedAerialVehicleTechnology
Quadcopter- Quadcopters are a specific type of drone that is typically used for
recreation.
VTOL- “VerticalTake-Off and Landing”
GNSS-The latest drones have dual Global Navigational Satellite Systems (GNSS)
such as GPS and GLONASS.
“Return to Home” safety feature
SLAM is short for Simultaneous Localization And Mapping
FPV First PersonView
Gimbal is a pivoted support that allows the rotation of an object about a
single axis.
16. Under the Hood
{What are the building
blocks ofTechnology?
What really happens
internally ?}
17. Building Blocks
A UAV System HasTwo Parts-
1. the drone itself
2. the control system
Drones are controlled by remote ground control
systems (GSC) and also referred to as a ground
cockpit.
18. The Drone Body
Light Weight: A typical unmanned aircraft is made of light composite materials. The
engineering materials used to build the drone are highly complex composites
designed to absorb vibration, which decrease the sound produced. These
materials are very light weight.
Sensors:The nose of the unmanned aerial vehicle is where all the sensors and
navigational systems are present.The rest of the body is full of drone technology
systems since there is no space required to accommodate humans.
19. The Drone Sizes
UAV drones come in a wide variety of sizes, with
1. Predator Drones
2. Unmanned Aircraft
3. VTOL drones
20. the largest in size being
mostly used for military
purposes such as
the Predator drone.
21. The next in size are
unmanned aircraft,
which have fixed wings
and require short
runways. These are
generally used to cover
large sections of land,
working in areas such as
geographical surveying
or to combat wildlife
poaching.
22. Next in size for drones
are what is known as
VTOL drones. These are
generally quadcopters
but not all.VTOL drones
can take off, fly, hover
and land vertically.The
exact meaning ofVTOL
is “VerticalTake-Off and
Landing”.
23.
24. What happens when Drone is first Switched on…
…It searches and detects GNSS satellites.
The radar technology will signal the following on the remote controller display;
•Signal that enough drone GNSS satellites have been detected and the drone is ready
to fly
•Display the current position and location of the drone in relation to the pilot
•Record the home point for ‘ReturnTo Home’ safety feature
25. ‘Return to Safety’ Options
Most of the latest Drones have 3 types of Return to Home drone technology as
follows:
•Pilot initiated return to home by pressing button on Remote Controller or in an app
•A low battery level, where the UAV will fly automatically back to the home point
•Loss of contact between the UAV and Remote Controller, with the UAV flying back
automatically to its home point
26. Obstacle Detection And Collision AvoidanceTechnology
Drones use obstacle detection sensors to:
Scan the surroundings, while software algorithms and SLAM technology produce the
images into 3D maps allowing the drone to sense and avoid.
These systems fuse one or more of the following sensors to sense and avoid;
•Vision Sensor
•Ultrasonic
•Infrared
•Lidar
•Time of Flight (ToF)
•MonocularVision
27. RealtimeTelemetry Flight Parameters
Nearly all drones have a Ground Station Controller (GSC) or a smartphone app, allowing you
to fly the drone and to keep track of the current flight telemetry.Telemetry data showing
on the remote controller many include UAV range, height, speed, GNSS strength,
remaining battery power and warnings.
Many UAV drone ground controllers use FPV (First PersonView), which transmit the video
from the drone to the controller or mobile device.
28. No Fly Zone DroneTechnology
In order to increase flight safety and prevent
accidents in restricted areas, the latest drones from
DJI and other manufacturers include a “No Fly
Zone” feature.
29. FPV LiveVideoTransmission DroneTechnology
FPV means “First Person View”. A video camera is mounted on the unmanned aerial
vehicle and this camera broadcasts the live video to the pilot on the ground. The
ground pilot is flying the aircraft as if they were on-board the aircraft instead of
looking at the aircraft from the pilot’s actual ground position.
30. Firmware And Flight Assistant Port
The flight control system communicates with a PC Assistant through a micro-USB cable.
This allows configuration of the UAV and to upgrade the drone firmware.
31. UAV Remote Control System
On the DJI Phantom 3, this is the wireless communication device using the 5.8 GHz
frequency band. Remote controls systems are also known as ground control.The drone and
the ground control should already be paired when it leaves the factory.
32. Range Extender UAVTechnology
This is a wireless communication device which generally operate within the 2.4 GHz
frequency. It is used to extend the range of communication between the smartphone or
tablet and the drone in an open unobstructed area.
Transmission distance can reach up to 700 meters. Each range extender has a unique MAC
address and network name (SSID).
33. Smartphone App Featuring Ground Station Function
Most of the UAV drones today can be flown by a remote controller or from a smartphone
app, which can be downloaded from Google Play or the Apple Store.The app allows for full
control of the drone.
34. Operating Systems in DroneTechnology
Most unmanned aircraft use Linux and a
few MSWindows. The Linux
Foundation have a project launched in
2014 called the Dronecode project.
35. Microsoft Azure Partnership with Airmap, DJI
Microsoft- DJI:
- Windows SDK allows applications to be written
for Windows 10 PCs that control DJI drones.
- The SDK will also allow the Windows developer
community to integrate and control third-party
payloads like multispectral sensors, robotic
components like custom actuators, and more,
exponentially increasing the ways drones can be
used in the enterprise.
- SDK allows for:
1. Drone imagery can be sent directly to Azure for
processing by an AI workload.
2. Drone imagery can be processed on Windows
running Azure IoT Edge with an AI workload.
3. Drone imagery can be processed directly onboard
drones running Azure IoT Edge with an AI workload.
Microsoft-Airmap:
- With AirMap’s airspace management platform
running on Microsoft Azure, the two companies
are delivering a platform that will allow state and
local authorities to authorize drone flights and
enforce local rules and restrictions on how and
when they can be operated. Their solution also
enables companies to ensure that compliance
and security are a core part of their enterprise
workflows that incorporate drones.
39. LearningTo Build And Code Drones
https://www.dronezon.com/learn-about-drones-quadcopters/best-educational-drones-kits-to-build-and-code-uavs/
40. Recent News:
{What can I learn about the
subject from any recent news?
What does the news tell me
about where the technology is
headed ?}
41. #2 Drones as a Delivery mechanism
Source: https://www.wsj.com/articles/amazon-gets-u-s-approval-for-drone-fleet-a-package-delivery-milestone-11598913514
42. What is it all about ?
What changed with
this regulation?
Amazon received Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) approval to
establish a fleet of drones and will
begin limited tests of package
deliveries to customers in the U.S.
UPS, Google also has this approval
Amazon can perform the tests in UK as
well (unrelated to this regulation)
Does it mean that Amazon
can start drone deliveries
immediately ?
Routine drone deliveries to U.S.
consumers are still years away,
partly because the FAA needs to
complete rules for remote
identification of more than
480,000 drones currently
registered for commercial
operations, and issue separate
rules permitting drones to fly
regularly over populated areas.
How will it help Amazon ?
Amazon said it envisions delivering
packages from its warehouses to
customers in less than 30 minutes.
Its latest drone design, a hexagonal-
shaped machine it unveiled last year,
is designed to carry packages
weighing 5 pounds and fly a round-trip
distance of about 15 miles, according
to the company.
44. Key Companies
• airmap.io
• DJI,
• https://www.parrot.com/us/drones,
• 3D Robotics- https://www.3dr.com/
• https://auteldrones.com/pages/evo-ii-detail
• Yuneec, and others dominating standard
• https://xcraft.io/ (quadcopter hardware)
• https://quanergy.com/ Operators will continue to gather more data, thus we are
interested in startups innovating on the sensor payload to enable unique datasets via
drones.
• https://dronebase.com/ Drone operator marketplaces
• automated docking and charging (HiveUAV, Skyfront ) HiveUAV, company which
combines drones and automated docking stations to help multiple industries monitor
industries monitor remote locations from the air via automated docking and charging
and charging stations called “Hives”.
45. Key Use cases:
{So the Drones are an answer,
but what is the question…?
}
46. 1.Rescue
2.Marketing
3.Film making
4.Fire Fighting
5.Site surveying
6.Parcel Deliveries
7.Imaging structures
8.Precision agriculture
9.Family Fun Occasions
10.LightingConcert Shows
11.Counting Stockpiles
12.Search and rescue
13.Weather patterns
14.Environmental
15.Conservation
16.Insurance
17.Policing
18.Sports
Drone Use cases
47. Agricultural Drones
The DJI Agras MG-1 is dustproof, water-
resistant and made of anti-corrosive
materials. It can be rinsed clean and
folded up for easy transport and storage
after use.
The eight-rotor Agras can load more
than 10 kilograms of liquid for crop-
spraying and can cover between seven
and 10 acres per hour. It is over 40 times
more-efficient than manual spraying.
The drone can fly up to eight meters per
second and adjusts spraying intensity to
flying speed, ensuring even coverage.
48. Fire Fighting Drones
Firefighting #drones fly higher and faster, to save more lives
These drones can climb 300 meters (1,000 ft) in just six
minutes, while standard firemen's ladders do not exceed 30
meters (100 ft)
They can see through smoke with thermal cameras, identify
the presence of people and recognize highly inflammable
objects.They can exctinct fires efficiently by spraying high
pressure liquid mixes including foam
54. Drone Security and Hacking
UAV drones in many ways are like flying computers. With an operating system, flight
controllers and main boards with programmable code, they can also be hacked into.
Drones have been developed to fly around seeking other drones and hacking into the
drones wireless network, disconnecting the owner and take over that drone. However,
there is some practical ways to protect your drone from hackers.
