2. Development Of Educational Technology
“Technology is commonly thought of in
terms of gadgets, instrument, machines,
and devices….most (educators) will
defer to technology as computers”
-- Muffoletto(1994)-p.5 Integrating Education
Technology into Teaching (IETIT)
3. “Only about a decade ago, a
history of technology in
education since 1920 placed
the emphasis on radio and
television, with computers as
an afterthought .”
--Cuban, 1986 (IETIT) p.5
4. However, Saettler (1990) urges
“The historical function of
educational technology is a
process rather than a
product.”
5. Any useful definition of
educational technology,
therefore, must focus on the
process of applying tools for
educational purposes, and the
materials used.
6. In education, the combination
of process and product
merges instructional
procedures with instructional
tools.
8. Audiovisual movement: ways of delivering information that could be
used as alternatives to lectures and books.
Audiovisual communications: the “branch of educational theory and
practice concerned primarily with the design and use of messages
which control the learning process.” (Saettler, IETIE,p6)
AECT- Association for Ed. Commo. and Technology.
10. 1960s and 1970s
Human and non-human resources
( teachers and media).
Systematic approach to designing, developing, and delivering
instruction matched to carefully identified needs.
International Society for Performance Improvement.
Validating and creating instruction.
12. Technology in Education:
1. School learning prepares students for the world of work.
2. Vocational training can be a practical means of teaching.
ITEA (International Technology Education Association).
14. Instructional and supportive applications of computers.
Computers began to be used in classrooms in 1960s
until 1990 and was known as educational
computing.
By the mid-1990s, educational computing became
known as educational technology.
ISTE (International Society for Technology in Education) holds
the following views:
16. An emphasis on Computer Systems
Computers as media are becoming more complex and more
capable.
Computer systems are subsuming other forms of media.
The perceived complexity of computer-based systems has made it
more difficult for educators to effectively integrate software and
computer media into classrooms.
18. What’s a Computer??
Hardware
Providing the Electronic Capability
Software
Communicating with the Hardware
Any electromechanical device that accepts input, processes input and produces output.
19. Software in a Computer System
Systems Software ( Types of
Operating Systems)
Applications Software (used for
Education, Entertainment, or
Edutainment)
20. Systems Software (Types of Operating
Systems)
Unix
Ms-DOS
Apple Dos, ProDOS
Macintosh DOS, System 7
Windows 95
21. Using technology For teaching Learning
through
Computer-based learning
Computer networking
Online learning environments
Social media
24. Comparison of Paradigms
Teacher-Centered
Learner-Centered
Emphasis is on acquisition of knowledge
outside the context in which it will be used.
Emphasis is on using and communicating
knowledge effectively to address enduring
and emerging issues and problems in real-life
contexts.
30. Teacher-Centered Learner-Centered
Focus is on instructor Focus is on both students and instructor
Focus is on language forms and structures (what
the instructor knows about the language)
Focus is on language use in typical situations (how
students will use the language)
Instructor talks; students listen Instructor models; students interact with instructor
and one another
Students work alone Students work in pairs, in groups, or alone depending
on the purpose of the activity
Instructor monitors and corrects every student
utterance
Students talk without constant instructor monitoring;
instructor provides feedback/correction when
questions arise
Instructor answers students’ questions about
language
Students answer each other’s questions, using
instructor as an information resource
Instructor chooses topics Students have some choice of topics
Instructor evaluates student learning Students evaluate their own learning; instructor also
evaluates
Classroom is quiet Classroom is often noisy and busy
31. Concept ,importance, Meaning And Nature of
ICT
Meaning
ICT is technology that supports activities involving
information.Such activities include gathering, processing, storing
and presenting data. Increasingly these activities also involve
collaboration and communication. Hence IT has become ICT:
information and communication technology.
32. Definition
"ICT stand for information and communication technologies and is defined, as a "diverse set of
technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and
manage information.
ICT implies the technology which consists of electronic devices and associated human interactive
materials that enable the user to employ them for a wide range of teaching - learning processes in
addition to personal use.
ICT is that technology which uses the information to meet human need or purposes including
processing and exchanging.
ICT is a generic term referring to technologies, which are being used for collecting, storing, editing
and passing on information in various forms (SER,1997)
33. Information and communications technology (ICT) is often used as an extended synonym for
information technology (IT)
It is a more extensive term (i.e. more broad in scope) that stresses the role of unified
communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals),
computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual
systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.
34. The term ICT is also used to refer to the convergence of audio-visual and telephone networks with
computer networks through a various linking systems.
ICT covers any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or receive information
electronically in a digital form.
Information and communication technology, or ICT, is defined as the combination of informatics
technology with other, related technologies, specifically communication technology.
ICT has no universal definition, since "the concepts, methods and applications involved in ICT are
constantly evolving on an almost daily basis.”
35. Need
• Education is a life long process therefore anytime anywhere access to it is the need
• Information explosion is an ever increasing phenomena therefore there is need to
get access to this information
• Education should meet the needs of variety of learners and therefore IT is important
in meeting this need
• It is a requirement of the society that the individuals should posses technological
literacy
• We need to increase access and bring down the cost of education to meet the
challenges of illiteracy and poverty-IT is the answer
36. Importance access to variety of learning resources
immediacy to information
anytime learning
anywhere learning
collaborative learning
multimedia approach to education
authentic and up to date information
access to online libraries
teaching of different subjects made interesting
educational data storage
distance education
access to the source of information
multiple communication channels-e-mail,chat,forum,blogs,etc.
access to open courseware
better accesses to children with disabilities
reduces time on many routine tasks
39. Teaching learning process
Effective learning is
possible by five sensory
means.
According to
psychological study
human can grasp 80%
knowledge visually,
15 % through hearing &
5% with the rest of the
sensory items.
40. So it becomes necessary to present the content by attractive means.
Computer technology helps us to provide rich presentation.
To provide rich presentation, it is necessary to use the various
components like:-
1. Text matter presentation
2. Animation presentation
3. Graphic presentation
4. Audio presentation
5. Video presentation
Computer Aided Teaching has become popular now a days.
41. publication
The notes, printed text books can be digitized with the help of computer technology.
Many e-books are available on websites developed by different publishers.
FreeBookSpot , 4eBooks,Free-
eBooks,ManyBooks,FreeTechBooks,Scribd,Globusz,KnowFree,OnlineFreeEBooks,MemoWar
e,SnipFiles,BookYards
Encyclopedia is also available on internet.
44. administration
Employees register
Library record
Dead stock register
Progress reports
Students register
Placement cell
Alumni record
School campus record
Finance & accounts
Timetable
45. Scope of ICT
Professional development for teachers
Availability of resources
ICT in schools
Role of ICT in the class
Expanding educational opportunities
Increasing efficiency
Enhancing quality of learning
Enriching quality of teaching
46. Facilitating skill formation
Establishing and sustaining lifelong learning
Improving policy planning and management
Advancing community linkages
IT-Professional and Vocational Education in Information Technology
Distance Learning
Lifelong Learning
Information Technology in Educational Management
47. enhance teaching
helping the student learn
that students can find information, they need proper instructions, they need scope for
creativity, expectations of the teacher brings forth performance.
Lively teaching learning process