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- 1. COPENHAGEN, (KØBENHAVN), DENMARK. KKKH 4284: PERANCANGAN BANDAR LESTARI TASK 4: EU BEST PRACTICES
- 2. GROUP MEMBERS NURHANIS NABILAH BT ABDUL HALIM NUR ASILAH BT ZAKARIA FAZIRAH NURHA BT MOHAMAD SAAD KHAIRUSSAADAH BT MISNAN 2
- 3. COPENHAGEN : A Brief Look • Cultural, economic and governmental centre of Denmark (capital) • European Green Capital 2014 • The city is on the east coast of Zealand island, separated from Sweden by the strait of Øresund • Overall population of 1.9 mil • Urban area: • 615.7 km2 • (January 2016) 591,481 • Density 6,800/km2 3
- 4. COPENHAGEN : A Brief Look 4 SOURCE: ARCADIS SUSTAINABLE CITIES INDEX
- 5. COPENHAGEN : A Brief Look • Truly green city surrounded by water and parks, climate-friendly citizens • Aims to become the world's first CO2 neutral capital by 2025 • Cleanest water in the world – for drinking and swimming • A city overflowing with bicycles, and a high availability and consumption of organic product • One of the safest countries in the world, with an excellent and efficient infrastructure 5
- 6. COPENHAGEN: CARBON NEUTRAL BY 2025 (CPH 2025) 6 • Combining growth, development and increased quality of life with the reduction of CO2 emissions is not impossible, its all about finding smart solution. • CPH 2025 Climate Plan is a collection of specific goals and initiatives within four areas – • Energy consumption • Energy production • Green mobility • City Administration • Can be achieved with cooperation between government businesses, knowledge institutions and Copenhageners
- 7. TRANSPORT • Public transportation very reliable, punctual, and tour everywhere. • Trains, Metro and busses (including waterbuses) can be accessed with the same ticket. All you need to know is how many zones you will pass on your journey. • can bring bike on the metro during normal hours 7
- 8. TRANSPORT : THE WORLD’S FIRST BIKE CITY 8 Cycling : • whether there is sun, rain or snow • to school, shop for groceries & to social gathering • Everybody loves their bicycle no matter their financial income (including top politician) • Copenhagen the first official Bike City in the world from 2008-2011 350 km of cycle tracks and traffic lights that are coordinated in favour of cyclists during rush hour
- 9. ELECTICAL VEHICLES 9 • Electric Vehicles (EVs) as alternative to gasoline & diesel. • registered 300 to 400 EVs in Copenhagen • Copenhagen working to make EV parking free of charge • City Council decided to reserve 500 parking spaces for EV providers to set up & operate charging stations for a period of 10 years.
- 10. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION • economic growth brought increased traffic congestion • CO2 emissions from road transport rose along with the increased traffic to more than 500,000 tonnes in 2005. • Attempts to convince people use public transport was hindered : * massive improvement in travel time for car traffic due to investments in road infrastructure, * unreliable and inconvenient public transport due to lack of investments in infrastructure * lack of integration between transport systems and operators. * Country faced traffic congestion & pollution problems that have blighted many other cities. • The solution was investment in an integrated transport system between bus & train. • Green transport optimises urban space and moves a larger number of people in a more effective way 10
- 11. ENERGY USE: KEEPING COOL UNDER THE cO2SE
- 12. • Build first two district cooling network based on free cooling from seawater abstraction, along with running surplus heat from the district heating network through absorption cooling and traditional compression chillers. • The project is expected to save 14,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide per year. • Dependency on electricity-based cooling appliances can create unsustainable electricity demand and overreliance on fossil fuels. Traditional air conditioning systems are expensive, noisy and utilise a lot of space. • Develop a ’District Cooling‘ system to complement the highly successful District Heating system. • District Cooling is the centralised production and distribution of chilled water, partly cooled with cold seawater.
- 13. SOLAR CELLS AND PARKING IN COPENHAGEN
- 14. • In 2007 - 1,600 pay-and display machines were installed in the pay zone. The pay and display-machines are specially designed to match the Copenhagen design line, and they are entirely driven by solar power. • The solar panel has 15 W that charges a battery of 75 AH. • This environment means that no conventional power supply is necessary. • Solar means annual savings at around 125,000 Euro. • The pay – and display machines are on-line, which gives the advantage that you can monitor and service them 24-07.
- 15. WIND TURBINES - HEADING FOR CARBON NEUTRALITY
- 16. • Another 130 large wind turbines Wind turbines represent a tested and well-developed technology and to achieve carbon neutrality in 2025, the City of Copenhagen needs to set up close to another 130 large wind turbines. • The exact number depends on the distribution of onshore and offshore wind turbines, specific wind conditions, future technological developments, etc. • The City is currently working to identify suitable locations around the country for setting up wind turbines. As the various locations are identified, specific proposals will be oulined. • The project involves total investments of up to DKK 5.5bn. in 2025, measured in 2010 terms.
- 17. SMART GRID
- 18. • Copenhagen: Frontrunner on integrated electricity and energy systems With a 98 per cent connection to the district heating supply, Copenhagen is today a frontrunner in terms of integrated energy systems. Renewable energy such as wind power, waste incineration and bio mass already accounts for a large share of the City’s energy supply. Moreover our district heating system gives us a unique opportunity to create storage capacity. Hence, Copenhagen is in a strong position to host the development and testing of the smart grids of the future. • Pilot project in Copenhagen The City of Copenhagen is planning a pilot project to examine and test the potential of the integrated electricity and energy systems in Copenhagen. Our partners in this project could be energy companies, enterprises developing intelligent measuring systems, distribution companies, research institutions, relevant industry associations etc. The project offers a high degree of exposure and marketing opportunities for private participants.
- 19. ENERGY CONSERVING RENOVATION OF VALHALSGADE CULTUR CENTRE AND THE HARALDSGADE NEIGHBORHOOD
- 20. • Light • Heat • Climate control
- 21. RECYCLING : MAKING THE MOST OF WASTE
- 22. • "Waste is better utilised through incineration than through landfills but recycling is an even better. The less waste, the better - it's as simple as that. "Copenhagen Waste Solution, City of Copenhagen (2008). • Copenhagen has been working to promote waste reduction by influencing consumer habits, include : • Making products with less packaging • Encouraging the reuse of products • Establishing composting schemes • Organizing activities that can minimize waste.
- 23. Principles For Danish Waste Management System
- 24. RESPONSIBILITY • National (Danish Environmental Protection Agency) • Recyclable waste from industry and commerce (market driven) • Data collection • Register for waste transporters and treatment facilities for recyclable waste. • Municipalities • All aspects of household waste, incl. packaging waste • Assignment of waste for incineration and landfilling from commerce and industry • Classification of waste • Inspections of waste producers and treatment facilities • Ownership of incineration plants and landfills • Waste planning
- 25. From Landfilling to Incineration to Recycling – Results-
- 26. • Total: 808,000 tons • Recycling 59%, Incineration 38%, Landfilling 2%, Special treatment 1% Waste Production in 2012
- 27. Resource- and Waste Management Plan 2018 -Change from incineration to recycling -Focus on green growth and resource efficiency Target in 2018 20 % reduction in waste to incineration • From 324,000 tonnes in 2010 to 260,000 tonnes in 2018 45 % of household waste to recycling • From 55,000 tonnes in 2010 to 100,000 tonnes in 2018
- 28. CLIMATE SCHOOL - TOVE DITLEVSENS SKOLE 28 • A climate school is a school where focus on climate is a natural part of most classroom teaching. • The Tove Ditlevsens Skole became a climate school in 2009 with the purpose of teaching children about the mutual responsibility we have in regards to constant climate changes and global warming. The main themes : water, wind, sun and recycling of waste. • Introduce several projects focusing on renewable energy and energy saving.
- 29. SHARING COPENHAGEN 2014 - A PLATFORM AND SCOPE FOR INNOVATIVE THINKING 29 • It is about finding collective solutions to common challenges • Involves world cities, international and local businesses, knowledge institutions, and citizens to do some sharing • It's about combining forces to come up with green solutions for the city and about sharing resources, competences, ideas, responsibility, and initiative • Intended to benefit everyone for a better and greener life.
- 30. “ ” Thank You!
Notes de l'éditeur
- The city is situated on the EASTERN COAST of the island of Zealand; another small portion of the city is located on Amager, and is separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the strait of Øresund.
- Danes are often said to be the happiest people in the world, and Copenhagen the world’s most liveable city. Some of the reasons are the large number of green oases and open spaces with fresh air, some of the Denmark is also one of the safest countries in the world, and has an excellent and efficient infrastructure. When you are in Copenhagen, there are plenty of ways to be an eco-tourist. Finding a sustainable place to stay in Copenhagen is actually easier than finding a non-sustainable one, as 71% of all the city’s hotel rooms hold an official eco-certification. More than half of the hotels in Copenhagen have an environmental plan regarding water, laundry, house cleaning, waste, energy consumption, food, smoking, indoor climate, and administration. The flagship of climate-friendly hotels in Copenhagen is beyond doubt the Crowne Plaza Copenhagen Towers, Denmark’s greenest hotel, where 25 storeys of luxury joins up with sustainability.
- Copenhagen assumes its share of the responsibility for climate change with the CPH 2025 Climate Plan. We want to show that it is possible to combine growth, development and increased quality of life with the reduction of CO2 emissions. It is all about finding solutions that are smarter, greener, healthier and more profitable. And by 2025 we will be able to call ourselves the world’s first carbon neutral capital. The CPH 2025 Climate Plan is a holistic plan as well as a collection of specific goals and initiatives within four areas – energy consumption, energy production, green mobility and the City Administration. Work in the four areas must be set in motion immediately for Copenhagen to become the world’s first carbon neutral capital. The CPH 2025 Climate Plan describes how our ambitions for carbon neutrality should be used as leverage for a better quality of life, innovation, job creation and investment, and how the goal of carbon neutrality can be achieved by 2025 through close . Principles in the preparation of the CPH 2025 Climate Plan to keep Costs down: The transformation takes place gradually over a long time period. Sound financial initiatives are set in motion as soon as possible. The shift to green transport, which is relatively expensive, starts with development projects in most cases. As well as reducing carbon emissions, initiatives should also, if possible, create green growth and enhance the quality of life.
- The car is still the most popular form of transport within the city itself, representing two-thirds of all distances travelled. This can however lead to serious congestion in rush hour traffic The Copenhagen S-Train, Copenhagen Metro and the regional train networks are used by about half of the city's passengers, the remainder using bus services. Some 750,000 passengers make use of public transport facilities every day. Malaysia : Pengerusi Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat (SPAD), Tan Sri Syed Hamid Albar, 2013, 5% uses public transport of about 1.6 million
- Life in Copenhagen is almost lived in the saddle of a bicycle. Everybody does it. Bike that is. In Copenhagen we bike whether there is sun, rain or snow. We bike to work, to school, to bring the kids to kindergarten, to shop for groceries and to social gatherings. Cycling is fast, convenient, healthy, climate-friendly, enjoyable - and cheap, although Copenhageners honestly love their bikes no matter their financial income. Even top politicians ride their bike every day to parliament. Actually, only 29% of the households in Copenhagen even own a car. In comparison, there are more bikes than inhabitants in Copenhagen, 350 kilometres of cycle tracks and traffic lights that are coordinated in favour of cyclists during rush hour. While motorists sit in tailbacks, cyclists tend to sweep through the city. Currently, Copenhagen is building even more green routes through Copenhagen to ensure a safe and green transport route for cyclists while creating green spots in the cityscape. Cycle super highways are already a reality, leading cyclists in and out of the city from as far as 15 kilometres away. bicycles actually outnumbering its inhabitants It is no wonder that The International Cycling Union, UCI, appointed Copenhagen the first official Bike City in the world from 2008-2011. And that other cities, such as New York, look to Copenhagen for inspiration. Danish architect and urban planner Jan Gehl is famous for teaching other cities around the world how to plan for a bike culture. It even has its own term: "copenhagenization" or "to copenhagenize".
- The City of Copenhagen wants to spearhead the phasing in of Electric Vehicles (EVs) as an alternative to gasoline and diesel. The best frameworks for an EV market EVs have been exempted from the vehicle registration tax (VRT) since 1983. Furthermore, the City of Copenhagen is working to make EV parking free of charge again. If EVs are going to become a success in Copenhagen, it must be attractive for EV providers and enterprises to develop and test their charging stations in the city. At the moment there are registered between 300 and 400 EVs in Copenhagen. We have acquired 62 vehicles ourselves. Our objective is that by 2015, 85 per cent of the municipality's own vehicles should be electric, hydrogen or hybrid powered. Currently, 15% of the municipal vehicles are EVs. Furthermore, the infrastructure for the municipal EVs is under development. Technical specifications have been determined, and by the end of 2012, a contract will have been signed with one or more suppliers of charging posts for the City’s own fleet. Infrastructure The City Council has decided to reserve 500 parking spaces for EV providers to set up and operate charging stations for a period of ten years. Until now, 106 charging points and 218 parking spaces, one fast charging point and one hydrogen station have been established. As relevant standards and legislation are made ready, the City of Copenhagen will offer long-term concessions to ensure the full-scale roll-out of infrastructure on public roads. We are cooperating with car manufactures and service providers who can contribute to creating a public infrastructure. Cross-border collaboration We cannot overcome the climate challenges alone. Therefore the City of Copenhagen is cooperating with other municipalities and companies on both the national and international level. On an EU-level, the City is participating in three projects aiming to promote EVs and develop a common European charging infrastructure, and one project aiming to promote hydrogen cars. Furthermore, we are part of the C40 network working to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
- Like many other cities, economic growth in Copenhagen has brought with it increased traffic congestion. However, by investing in an efficient, reliable and highly integrated public transport network, it has been possible to deliver some of the highest levels of mobility in the world. Alongside traffic, congestion and pollution have been reduced to levels that are extremely low by the standards of major international cities. The CO2 emissions from road transport rose along with the increased traffic to more than 500,000 tonnes in 2005. Attempts to convince people to use public transport were hindered by: a massive improvement in travel time for car traffic due to investments in road infrastructure, unreliable and inconvenient public transport due to lack of investments in infrastructure and lack of integration between transport systems and operators. Without concerted action, Copenhagen could have faced the traffic congestion and pollution problems that have blighted many other cities. The solution was investment in an integrated transport system between bus, train and metro. Green transport optimises urban space and moves a larger number of people in a more effective way. In the same amount of space and time, 1 person can be transported in a car, 6 persons can be transported by bicycle and 4.5 persons by bus. In the Capital Region 190,000 hours are lost per day due to traffic congestion, a number that would be considerably higher without the integrated transport solution. Building a convenient and time-saving transport system makes it possible for passengers to move seamlessly between cycle, bus, train and metro services.
- A climate school is a school where focus on climate is a natural part of most classroom teaching. The Tove Ditlevsens Skole became a climate school in 2009 with the purpose of teaching children about the mutual responsibility we have in regards to constant climate changes and global warming. The main themes at the school are water, wind, sun and recycling of waste. In addition the school has several projects focusing on renewable energy and energy saving.
- Copenhagen has won the prestigious European Green Capital award presented by the European Commission because the city excels in combining sustainable solutions with growth and quality of life, and because we happily share our knowledge with the rest of the world. Sharing Copenhagen 2014 is about finding collective solutions to common challenges. In 2014, the City of Copenhagen will be inviting world cities, international and local businesses, knowledge institutions, and citizens to do some sharing. Throughout 2014, we'll be sharing knowledge and solutions – across borders, businesses, and national and international institutions and organisations. It's about combining forces to come up with green solutions for the city and about sharing resources, competences, ideas, responsibility, and initiative. More information The ambitions of Copenhagen are to create a green and carbon neutral city which is pleasant to be and to live in. This requires partnerships across businesses, public institutions and cooperation with the green cities of the world. . Sharing Copenhagen will be a platform helping to develop and disseminate the green solutions of the future. We will set the framework for collaboration across borders, businesses, citizens and institutions – in Denmark as well as in the rest of Europe. The solutions to emerge from Sharing Copenhagen are intended to benefit everyone as well as the individual – regardless of whether we're talking about a small business sharing their used stationery with the local kindergarten, one business sharing green production know-how with another, or a city sharing experience and solutions with another city. It's about bringing your resources into play for a better and greener everyday life.