World History Dutch Empire
Rise of Dutch Republic
Dutch East India Company and Dutch West India Company
Cape Town
Dutch Golden Age
Decline of Dutch Power
2. The Beginnings of Dutch History
Holland (now called The
Netherlands) which means
“Lowlands”
3. Before the rise of Dutch Empire……….
• In the mid-1500’s, “the Netherland had come under
Spanish Control. When the people of the Netherlands
revolted against their Spanish Rulers in 1568, their
ships could no longer enter either Spanish and
Portuguese”. (Littell, 2000, p. 358)
They give up Portuguese trades routes and decided to set
up their own trade in West and East India ports.
4.
5. Rise of Dutch Empire
• The Dutch navigators sailed to the east and establish
trade relations with the Malay rulers of Indonesia.
• They developed a vast seaborne empire “they had
important advantages in the pool manpower, ships,
wealth, and experience built up by their ascendancy in
fishing and transport in northern waters” (Roberts,
1976, p. 560)
7. The Netherland East India Company (Dutch in the East)
• In 1602 the Netherlands East India Company, which
was empowered to maintain armed forces, wage wars
and make peace, and govern the colonies.
• The Dutch East India Company governed land in
Southeast Asia.
• In expanding their territories in Southeast Asia, they
made a headquarters in Batavia (Jakarta).
8. • They also became the only European country allowed
to trade in Japan (Holland carried commercial
relations with China, Japan, India and South Pacific
Island)
• They had a near monopoly on the Asian trade
• Dutch vessels transported other nations’ cargo
The Netherland East India Company (Dutch in the East)
9.
10. Dutch West India Company (Dutch in America ) 1624-1664
• In 1621 the Dutch West India was founded to control the
American trade.
• In 1652 the Dutch colonizers established themselves in South
Africa.
• From 1634-1648, the Dutch succeeded in taking Curacao and
other small island in West indies from Spain, and colonizing
Guiana on the northern coast of South America. In the North
America, the Dutch colonized the Hudson Valley and
established the town of New Amsterdam (now New York City)
11.
12. Cape Town (1652)
• Forts and farms with independent farmers called free Burghers dotted
Cape Town.
• Land inhabited by the Khoikhoi people.
• The English were the first to attempt to settle it but the Dutch were
the first to succeed
Jan Huyghen Van Linschoten, a Netherlands merchant whose only
knowledge of the orient comes from trading in Lisbon. The survivors of
this journey get back to Holland two years later. They bring valuable
cargo.
13. Holland’s Golden Age
The Dutch economy grew stronger and most part of the society flourished, it is a
civilization flowered in full splendor.
• Trades – they trade everything including slaves
• Colonies – Americas, Africa and Asia
• Art- “The Night Watch” by Rembrant
• Science- Anton Van Leeuwehoek improved microscope and discovered the protozoa
and bacteria
- Christian Huygens invented the pocket and wristwatch
• Literature- “Prince of Humanist” by Desiderius Erasmus and “The law of War and
Peace”
• Landscaping – Jan Vermeer excelled in landscaping
14. Decline of Dutch Power
• The marvelous success of Dutch in the world of trade and
colonization, Holland was not only a great colonial power but
was also the chief carriers of the world commerce. “its
merchant vessels numbered 15,000, as compared with 3,000
of English ships and 500 of French ships.”
15. Reasons…..
• Cromwell of England struck the first blow against the Dutch by
promulgating the Navigation Act of 1651, which enclosed the ports of
England and those colonies to Dutch vessels.
• The military and naval power was weakened by three Anglo-Dutch Wars
and the War with Louis XIV of France
• The Dutch republic ended in 1790 when the first French republic
conquered Holland.
• The French created a puppet government called Batavian Republic, but in
1806 Napoleon the Great changed this into kingdom of Holland, “after his
downfall, the 1815 congress of Vienna created the Kingdoms of the
Netherlands (Holland and Belgium) with the Prince of Orange as kings.
• In 1839 the Belgian separated and formed their own kingdoms.
16. • References
• Littel, M. 2000. History of the World, 358-359
• Roberts, J.M. 1976. History of the World, 560-561
• Zaide, G., Zaide, S., 2002. World History 198-200
• http://www.historyworld.net/timesearch/default.asp?conid=2&botto
msort=21641418&direction=NEXT&keywords=Dutch%20empire&tim
elineid
The Dutch represent the second wave of European exploration/imperialism (1st= Spain, Portugal; 2nd=Dutch, British).
The Dutch Maritime Empire existed from the early 1600’s through 1750 and onwards.
The Dutch Empire is dominated by the Trading Company chartered under the Dutch Republic
When we say maritime empire it is An empire with smaller pieces of land which are separated by large bodies of water, later on makikita natin kung gaano kalawak ang na
.
LOWLANDS BECAUSE OF THEIR LOW ELEVATION….. INFACT PART OF THEIR LANDS IS BELOW SEA LEVEL
History After provinces in the Netherlands revolted against Charles V Holy Roman Emperor, Merchants immigrating into the provinces strengthened Dutch trading and the economy.
So the expansion of territory of Dutch empire
Empires expanded their control over territories through trade and gradually increased their presence in there areas before governing them
Territory It held multiple colonies including ones in Southeast Asia, West and South Africa, North and South America, and the Caribbean
. Effect on Trade Control of trade routes and inexpensive shipping allowed for a monopoly in trading. Dutch shipping companies were able to export various important goods from the colonies
the Dutch were eager to find sea routes in Asia. Their seafarers sailed north east ito Arctic Ocean along the coast of Russia
Successful economic development allowed for the creation of trade companies, which is the Dutch East India Company and Dutch West India Company.
Companies held monopolies in trading, first true megacorporations which had their own government and armies
The Dutch East India Trading Co. is one of history's most successful businesses/corporations. The Dutch East India Trading Co. (VOC) came to dominate the spice trade of the East Indies. In the Early Modern Period, the Dutch East India Trading Company is the premier global corporation.
(2)Dutch power replaced Portuguese in many places in the East.
-This powerful trading company soon gained control of all nearly all Portuguese ports in Asia
How did empire-building in this era compare to previous eras? Expansion of an empire was more reliant on economic influence than in previous eras.
Slaves, spices, textiles, silver
3. Existing trade networks from other countries so the Dutch used it to their advantage
*The VOC raised 10x the capital of the English East India Company-Why? Amsterdam had the most efficient money market with the lowest interest rates in the world
Territory It held multiple colonies including ones in Southeast Asia, West and South Africa, North and South America, and the Caribbean
The west India company , fonded in 1621 , (soon controlled much of the slave trade and other shipping in atlantic and the carribbean
Their main interest was prifitable trade
the Dutch settlers established the colony of the new netherland, including what is now New york city (New Amsterdam)
Dutch holding in the Western Hemisphere also included some Island in the Caribbeans , the colony of Dutch Guiana
Facts : Spread of Religion most practiced is Calvinism
They abolisheh Catholic
Territory It held multiple colonies including ones in Southeast Asia, West and South Africa, North and South America, and the Caribbean
Burghers or the city -dwellers
Expansion of an empire was more reliant on economic influence than in previous eras. Empires expanded their control over territories through trade and gradually increased their presence in there areas before governing them. Effect on Trade Control of trade routes and inexpensive shipping allowed for a monopoly in trading. Dutch shipping companies were able to export various important goods from the colonies. This includes: Sugarcane from the Carribean Spices from Southeast Asia
After their bankruptcy and collapse, land was directly administered by Dutch government