Call Girls Chakan Call Me 7737669865 Budget Friendly No Advance Booking
Regional Initiatives and Priorities of Soil Health for Research and Development: A Case of Thailand
1. Regional Initiatives and
Priorities of Soil Health for
Research and Development: A
Case of Thailand
Somchai Anusontpornperm
Department of Soil Science, Head
Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University
Bangkok, THAILAND
3. 3
Department of Soil Science, Kasetsart University, THAILAND
Lowland paddy rice areas:
Aquepts Aqualfs Aquults
Southern peninsula and southeast coast:
Udults
Other regions: Ustults
Udults
4. Global distribution of degraded soils
Data from the Global Assessment of Human-Induced Soil Degradation (GLASOD), Oldeman, L.R.,
Hakkeling, R.T.A., Sombroek, W.G., 1991. World Map of the Status of Human-Induced Soil Degradation,
second ed. Wageningen: ISRIC.
5. Map of global status of human-Induced soil degradation
Source: UNEP World Food Summit (1996)
6. Severity of Human Induced Soil Degradation in Thailand
Source: FAO/AGL (2005)
7. Land Degradation in Thailand
Land Intensity classes
degradation Slight Moderate Severe
km2 % km2 % km2 %
Water erosion 1,911 0.37 27,173 5.26 309,591 59.89
Physical deg. 20,238 3.92 44,121 8.54 61,009 11.80
Chemical deg. 10,395 2.01 6,591 1.27 20,899 4.04
Biological deg. 10,169 1.97 3,087 0.60 1,751 0.34
*Total land area of Thailand: 511, 770 km2
8. Average yield of major economic crops in
Thailand: last 10 years
21.26 22.68
18.58 19.30 21.91 21.83 22.26 22.57 21.48 21.87
73.81
63.81
73.44 73.88
70.75 70.25 69.25
57.00 56.88 58.94
2.70 2.68 2.69 2.85 2.89 2.91 2.82 2.76 2.79 2.77
Yield (tonne/ ha)
Cassava Sugarc ane Rice
10. 10
Soil Erosion
+ The problem is still extensively found in economic
crops growing areas
11. + Problem
++ farmers acceptance
++ awareness
11
Vetiver grass as plant barrier (Typic Paleustults)
+ In maize
++ 7.24 tonne/ha (control) > one-row vetiver grass strip:
1st year
++ 16.75 tonne/ha (control) > vetiver grass and leucaena
strips; 2nd year
+ In cassava
++ no different in the first year
++ 44.11 tonne/ha (control) > vetiver grass strip; 2nd year
12. 12
+ Vetiver grass has initially been introduced by His Majesty the King Rama 9 of
Thailand to use for erosion control in Thailand for more than 25 years now
+ It has been proved really effective in this context, particularly in the areas used
for growing economic crops such as cassava, sugarcane and maize etc.
+ In addition, this grass can also effectively be used to control soil erosion on
road and river banks and for other soil and water conservation purposes
Vetiver grass
Farmer acceptance
15. 15
Plough pan
+ upland soils
+ perched ground water and subsequently
causing tuber rod
+ accelerating soil erosion due to the
impediment of the pan
+ water deficit: disconnected pores
+ retarding root elongation and
tuberlization of tuber crop such as cassava
22. Current soil resource policy of Thai government
Basic research
Research and Development
Translational research
Implementation
>> Sufficiency Economy Philosophy and Sustainable Agriculture <<
** Soil and water conservation
** Soil reclamation
** Soil improvement >> GAP
23. Major Players
Land Development Department (LDD)
*** Soil information, Soil map, Land use planning, Soil test, Soil and water
conservation etc.
Department of Agriculture (DOA)
*** Soil and crop productivity, Soil and fertilizer management, Soil test etc.
Department of Agricultural Extension (DOAE)
*** Soil-plant management technology transfer etc.
Academics
*** Producing new soil scientist, basic and advanced research in Soil Science,
international collaboration etc.