1. DakNet
(WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY)

2. What do you do when you want to provideDigital communication services
Voice mail
Digital documents
E-mail
Isolated Villages
No Electricity
No Telephone
How ?

3. But How when there's not even a
proper road to the village??
Why, on motorcycles!
if that doesn't work either,
try bicycles.

4. 19/08/11

5. What is DakNet ?
 Developed by MIT Media Lab researchers.
 Derives from the Hindi word for “post” or “postal,”.
 It is an ad hoc network.
 It uses wireless technology to provide asynchronous digital connectivity.
 Combines a physical means of transportation with wireless data transfer
 Simple, low- cost, and easy to deploy.

6. Power source
DakNet runs on computers that are
powered by solar panels fixed on
rooftops or generators attached to a
bicycle wheel.

7. Architecture of DakNet
Components of Architecture
 Hub
 Kiosk
 Mobile access point

9. MAP(Mobile Access Point)
A movable transceiver, which
may periodically receive
and/or transmit digitized
information to and from kiosk
and periodically received
and/or transmit, digitized
information to and from a
server acting as the gateway
to the internet and/or
telephony network(s).

10. Kiosk
The facilities at a physically
location where a client computer
may be available for customer
access or the physical locations
where a physically movable
device may be made available
for customer access.
A client computer kiosk may be
sited to enable effective
transmission to and from a
Mobile Access Point.

11. Hub(Internet Access Point)
A Computer device with
direct, real-time connection to
the Internet and/or other
national and/or international
communications infrastructure
or a common connection point
for devices in a network.
Hubs are commonly used to
connect segments of a LAN. A
hub contains multiple ports.

12. How it works ?
• Transmits data over short point-to-point links between kiosks and portable
storage devices, called Mobile Access Point(MAPs).
• MAPs are mounted on and powered by a bus, a motorcycle, or even a
bicycle with a small generator.
• MAP physically transports data among public kiosks and private
communications devices and between kiosks and a hub.
• Low-cost Wi-Fi radio transceivers automatically transfer the data stored in
the MAP at high bandwidth for each point-to-point connection.

13. Features
• The primary advantages of a VAN(Value-added Network) are its low cost and ease
of set up.
• No laying of copper or fiber to each village or trying to establish costly long-
distance wireless links or satellite uplinks.
• A VAN takes advantage of existing transportation infrastructure to create an
affordable broadband network.
• Latency or delay of this network is higher than other networks.
• Higher per day data throughput than other low-bandwidth technologies such as
telephone modems.

14. Seamless Scalability
• DakNet provides the ability to seamlessly upgrade to the always-on
broadband connectivity.
• The wireless broadband connectivity provides sophisticated
services like voice over internet protocol which allows “normal”
real-time telephony.
• DakNet supports easy user-interface and low cost hardware that
allows individuals, with no professional skills of using
communication devices, operate the software and get connected.

15. DakNet Economics
• A capital investment of $15 million could equip each of India’s 50,000
rural buses with MAP and thereby provide connectivity to about 750
million people living in rural India.
• Costs for the interactive user devices that DakNet supports—including
thin-client terminals, PDAs, and VoIP telephones—may also soon become
far more affordable than traditional PCs or WLL equipment.

16. Advantages
Real-time communications not required for public kiosks
1. Communications tend to be asynchronous
2. Villager’s trade –off latency for affordability
Leverages two major trends
1. Cost of wireless broad (Wi-Fi)
2. Cost of digital storage
Easy to implement on widespread basis
Lower uplink costs and maintenance requirements
Bandwidth does not decrease with distance
Seed infrastructure that is scalable with demand
Reduced regulatory challenges and licensing fees

17. Disadvantages
• Token ring constraint if a lower tier goes down, all higher tier goes down.
• Experience and Expertise person can only handled kiosk.
• Efficiency of bandwidth reduced for each tier.

18. Applications
• Internet/Internet messaging
• Information distribution/Broadcasting
• Information collection
• Rural supply chain management
• Information searching & web searching

19. DakNet in action
• A Mobile Access Point network was
deployed for Bhoomi, a
computerization of land records
initiative in Karnataka (India) which
has been acknowledged as the first
national eGovernance initiative in
India.
• A MAP was mounted on an existing
public government bus that provides
connectivity to villages up to 70km
away.

20. Projects In Different Countries
Hybrid Real-Time, Store-
and-Forward Wi-Fi Mesh in
Kigali, Rwanda
Internet Village Motoman
Expands to Pailin,
Cambodia
Commercial Network
Los-Santos.net in
Rural Costa Rica

21. Conclusion
DakNet provides extraordinarily low-cost digital communication, letting
remote villages leapfrog past the expense of traditional connectivity
solutions and begin development of a full-coverage broadband wireless
infrastructure.
Its biggest benefit, according to United Villages, is that it provides
people in under-serviced rural areas with a digital identity -- a lifetime
phone number and email address.

22. References
http://www.firstmilesolutions.com/
http://www.intelligentcommunity.org/index.php?src=news&refno=47
http://www.unitedvillages.com/

23. Visit www.seminarlinks.blogspot.com to download