1. Asghar Ali (13PG28)
Petroleum(Production) Engineering department
Ocean Pakistan Limited Islamabad
SUMMER INTERNSHIP 2015

2. CONTENTS
Well completion
Completion tools
Nodal Analysis
PIPESIM
PROSPER
DST
Stimulation

3. Well completion
oWell Completion is the process of making a drilled well ready for production.
oIt involve casing ,cementing, running tubing and its tools and perforating
oOpen hole completion
Casing is set above pay zone and well has only charismas tree and no tubular equipments and
packer
oCased hole completion
Pay zone is cased and well has tubing and downhole equipments

4. Completion types

5. Completion tools
½ Mule Shoe or wireline re-entry guide
No-Go Nipple
Perforated Joint
Landing Nipple
Flow Couplings
Seal Bore Extension

6. Downhole tools
Locator Seal Assembly
Packer
Sliding Sleeve Door
Sub-Surface Safety Valve (SSSV)
Tubing Hanger
Pup Joint
Cross Over

8. Nodal analysis
Nodal analysis is a methodology to analyze the production system as a unit to
calculate its capacity.
The purpose of nodal analysis is to:
design each component of the production system,
detecting production restrictions and
 calculating the effect of changing one or more components on the capacity of
production system

10. Possible Pressure Losses In Production System
Loss in porous medium
Loss across the completion
Loss across the restriction
Loss across the safety valve
Loss across the choke
Loss across the inflow line
Total loss in tubing
Total loss in flow line

11. POSSIBLE PRESSURE LOSSES IN A PRODUCTION SYSTEM

12. Softwares
PIPESIM
Pipesim is a Production Optimization software used to
Design Pipeline & Facilities,
Do Well Performance Analysis
Nodal Analysis
Sensitivity analysis
etc

13. Noda analysis Case study
Given the following hypothetical data, does a Nodal Analysis operation for a given outlet
(wellhead) pressure to determine the operating point flow rate and BHP and the absolute open
flow potential (AOFP) of the well?
Black Oil PVT Data well bore deviation data Reservoir data
Water cut 15%
GOR 600 scf/stb
Gas S.G 0.5
Water S.G 1.08
Oil API 33 (API)
Measured depth(ft) True vertical depth (ft)
0 0
800 800
2400 2350
4700 4650
7100 6900
8000 7400
Reservoir pressure 3400 psia
Reservoir
temperature
180 F
Productivity index 8 stb/d/psi

14. Software model

15. Software output

16. Results
By inspecting plot following results are obtained.
Operating point flow rate = 9600 stb/d
Operating point BHP = 1907 psia
AOFP = 15114 stb/d

17. Software
PROSPER
PROSPER (PRO= Production, S=System, PER=Performance)
It is a well performance, design and optimization program for modeling oil and gas wells.
PROSPER can assist the production or reservoir engineer to predict tubing and pipeline
hydraulics and temperatures with accuracy.
It is more reliable as it include PVT data.

18. DRILL STEM TESTING (DST)
A drill stem test (DST) is a temporary completion of a wellbore that provides
information on whether or not to complete the well. Zone is isolated by packers.
Data obtained from a DST includes :
ofluid samples,
oreservoir pressure
oformation properties, including permeability (k), skin (S), and radius of
investigation etc

19. DST tools
Perforated Pup joint
Retrievable Packer
Safety joint
Gauge Carrier
Jar
 Reversing Valve
Slip Joints

20. Stimulation
Stimulation is a process to open up new channels in the rock for the oil and gas
to flow through. Stimulation is used to increase permeability or to restore
production.
Two stimulation techniques are used:
Acidizing and
Hydraulic fracturing.

21. Acidization:
In acidization, acids are injected into well to increase permeability near the well bore. There
are two types of acid treatment:
i)matrix stimulation ii) Acid fracturing
Matrix Acidization: In this process acid is pumped into the well and into the pores of the
reservoir rocks at pressure below the formation fracture pressure.
In carbonate reservoir HCI is used.
In sandstone mud acid (HCL+HF) is used.

22. Acid Treatment design
Acid design for matrix acidization include:
Pre-flush: are used ahead of an acid treating solution, to prepare or condition
the formation.
Main treatment: It includes HF to dissolve clay / sand and HCl to dissolve
carbonates
Post-flush : It is used to make the formation water wet and to displace acid
away from wellbore
Displacing fluid : It is fluid such as nitrogen, used to displace the acids to its
destination.

23. Main treatment additives
Corrosion Inhibitor
Surfactant
Anti-sludge agent
Clay Stabilizer
Diverting Agent