A guide to prayer in islam

1. ENGLIS-H 1 03
ENGLISH - 103
AGUIDETO
A GUIDE TO
PRAYER
IN ISLAM
M. Abdul Karim Saqib
TheC o-operatiOveff icefo rC sll& to.eigne.Gs uidancaet Sullrnah
Undelhr es uoeftsro0nllv inist0rvl samc Alla$ andE ndowmenlCaanlda ndG ud ance
Te 4240CF// 4251005P80x 926i5Riyadh1166S3uEllnaEn ah22@choamlma
The Co-operative Office for Call &foreigners Guidance at Sultanah
Under the supervisIOn 0 I Ministry 01 Islam ic AHai rs and Endowment and Cal I and Gu idance
Tel 4240077 Fax 4251005 POBox 92675 Riyadh 11663 E-mail Sultanah22@holmail com

2. * i f ! f i l i #1rt:i#
IN'IHE NAME OF ALLAH
IN THE NAI}IE ALIJH
11IEMERCIFUL 'IHE COMPASSIONATE
TIIE MERCIFI,'L THE COMPASSIONAIE

3. $~iJl lo~;Ii4 4~..,
LL.c
A GUIJD)GII]I]Dtr E TO
ililPilIRAYililEffiR
IN ms ISJLAM
nsn,aMt
fi|. tbdul Karin fagib
M. ~lJdul KfJrim SoqilJ

4. TO PRAYER
A GUIDE ril rsLAM
IN ISLAM
Renearchaendd E ditedb y:
MohammeAdb dulK arimS aqib.
Translatebdy :
ljazB egumS aqib.
*
*
Researched and Edited by:
Mohammed Abdul Karim Saqib.
Translated by:
Ijaz Begum Saqib.

5. FOREWORD
books dealing with Subiect of Salat in
There are many the Subject both Arabic and Urdu. of these books are well and an informative and comprehensive Many lvell written
provide view of
how be performed the teach-ings
Salat should according to teach­ings
of Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Unfortunately~. Unfonunately( there
in which in
are very few books English deal with the subject the same informative informativea and nd comprehensive comprehensivew way. ay.The books,
which do exist, have three main disadvantages.
Firstly, literature concerning Salat available in English is
either so brief that it does not cover essential points in
nearly enough detail, or it is so bulky and detailed that it
becomes to it for quick reference, and es-sentialp
difficult use es~
oints get lost in the unnece$sardye tail.
sential points may unnecessary detail.
Secondly, the text of the Salat lacks the quality of direct
research from the sunnah zunnah of the Prophet Muhammad
(SAW). There also books which with-out
(SAW). are contain material with­out
any reference referencet to o the original originals sources.
ources.
Thirdly, the accord-ing
majority of books have been written accord­ing
to the views held for
by certain schools of thought and this reason some people hesitate to follow them.
Because Becauseo of f these thesew weaknesses eaknessesin in existing existingl literature iteraturei in n English
we felt that the need existed to prpduce prgduce a medium sized
book on would approach io the teachings Prophet (SAW). Prophet, "Pray as you have praying."
Such a book needs.to essentiadl etailso f
Salat without being too bulky reader can use it a point oJ reference journey home.
ft was also felt that a comprehensiveb ook English would be useful for lslam Muslim youth brought in Salat which the subject according
to of the Muhammad The
himself, said,
seen me needs to contain all the essential details of
'or complicated so that the
as 01 on a or at
It fE~lt comprehensive book on Salat in
converts to Islam and for
up this country. Keeping in
5

6. has
mind the needs of our brothers and sisters every effort been made to produce this book in simple and easy
language.
During our research we sometimes found that differences
occurred between established practices in various prayer
books. In these circumstances we referred to authentic
hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW), so that the
points possible. could be clarified as much as This was,
greater proof because, for a true Muslim there is no for
settling arguments than authentic hadiths and practices
of Prophet Muhammad We hope that Allah will accept this humble attempt be­cause
practices
(SAW).
be-cause
without his support and help we would never have
been able abfe to do this work.
Finally we ask all our Muslim brothers and sisters to study
the text and to strive to pray according to it. If lf anyone
finds anything unacceptable or to be against the sunnah
of the Prophet (SAW) we would be grateful if they wo!!worrld
ld
inform us.
MuhammaAd bdul KarimS aqib
Muhammad Abdul Karim Saqib
6

7. c0ilrEilrs
Foreword
Notes
Chapter Before Wudu (Ablution)
(Siwak)
Wuflu (Ablution)
Actions (Ablution)
Special Du'i[ Tayammum
Chapter Time $alat (Prayer)
Forbidden PraYer
$alat (PraYer)
$alat (Prayer)
Types $alat (Prayer)
Far{ ObligatoryPraPr
Sunnat (conPulsory)
Nafl PraYer
Number Chapter Story Aian
The Muai2in
Aian Aian
Danidafter A2an
Du'ii after Aian
lqamat
Text of Iqamat
Pages
5
t0
. . . . . t 2
. . . . . t 2
. . . .I.2
J2
.....r2
, . . . .I. 3
. . . .I. 3
l 4
r6
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, . . . . . t 7
. . . .l.8
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,.....20
20
22
22
23
23
24
24
25
25
26
26
CONTENTS
Foreword
Notes
Chapter One
Before doing Wuqu Tooth Stick Niyat for Wuc;lu Actions of wudu Special facilities in Ab.ution.
Du'a at the end of Ablution
Tayammum
Chapter Two
Time of ~alat Forbidden Times for Player
Place for ~alat Prayer)
Dress for ~alat Types of $alat FarQ or Obligatory Pra}er
Nafl Prayer
Sunnat Mu'akkadah canpulsory)
Nafl (extra) Prayer
Number of Rakats
Chapter Three
Story of Azan
The Muazzin
Text of the Aian
Azan for Fajr
Listening to the AZan
Dariidafter the Azan
Du"a after the Azan
lqamat
Text of Iqamat
7
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8. Chapter Four
28
'Sutra 28
Chapter 'Sutra
Qiblah
Qiblah 28
Intention Intention (Niyat) NiYat)
28
Talcbir Takbir Tahrimah
29
Folding of hands
29
.Recitation Recitation before Fatihah
29
Ta'awwuz
30
'fasmiah
30
Surah Fatihah
31
Recitation of Surah Fatihah Behind an Imam 32
Ameen 32
Recitation after Surah Fatihah ._ 33
Ruku (J,owing) 34
Du'as in Ruku
35
Qawman (standing after Rukii) 36
Du'as in Qawmah 37
First Sajdah
.38
Du'as in Sajdah
38
Jalsah (sitting between two Sajdcbs) .39
Second Sajdah 40
Jalsah-e-Istarahat (sitting for rest) 40
Second Rakat 40
Tashahud 40
Standing up for third Rakat .41
~alat Alan-Nabi (Dariid) -. .42
Du'as after ~a1at Alan-nabi (Dari"xl) .42
Ending the Prayer
45
Du'as after Salutation
.45
Chapter Five
48
Witr Prayer
.48
Number of Rakat ofWitr Prayer 48
Time 49
Ameen .....32
Recitation after Surah Fatihah .........-....-.33
Ruku (&owing)
Qawman(s tandinga fterR ukfr) ................36
Du'is Qawmah
Du'[s Jalsah(s ittingb etweentw o Sajddrs) .....39
Second Sajdalt .....40
Jalsah+-Istarah(asti ttingf or .........40
Second Rakat
Tashahud
Standinugp thirdR akat ................41
$alatA lan-Nab(iD arfid) ................42
Du'5sa fter$ alatA lan-nab(iD arfrd) ........42
Fnding Du'6s Chapter .....28
.....28
.....28
.....28
.....29
.....29
.....29
.....30
.....30
. . . . .I3
Bdrind ..-.-.32
:":::::::::::::::::::::::::::.....37
.....38
.....38
.....40
.....40
of Witr PraYer
:::::::::::::::::::::::.:::::.of Witr Prayer
How to Pray Witr
Du'i Qunfit in witr Prayer ................50
Text of Du'E Jumah( FridayP rayer) ................1.5
Importanceo f FridayP rayer ..---...........51
lmportanceo f Cleanlinesfso r lriday Prayer .....51
Prayer ...-............52
Jumalt
I
49
Quniit 50
Du'i Qunilt
50
Jumah (Friday Prayer) · · 51
Importance of Friday Prayer 51
Importance of Cleanliness for Iriday 51
Going early to Friday 52
Prayer before Jumah 52
8

9. Listening to to Khutbah Khutbah (Sennon Sermon
53
Prayer Prayer after after Jumah Jumah
54
Eid Eid Prayer Prayer
54
Janazah Junazuhll l)rayer
Conduct Conduct,' If f I Janazah JanazahP Prayer rayer
57
First Fint Takbir l-akbir
Du'as Du'Es of starting
Surah Fatihah
Recitation of a Surah
Second Takbir
Third Takbir
Du'as Du'frs of Janazah
Ending the Janazah JanazahP Prayer rayer
61
Fourth Takbir
61
Prayer During a Journey
61
::::::::::::::::::::::::.54
When to shorten and combine Prayers ........62
62
D-Duration uration of journey
Natl Nafl Prayer on a journey .63
63
••••••••••••
oo oa oo oo oo t t
56
s7
57
57
58
58
58
59
59
6r
6 l
6 l
63
9

10. thtes about Transliteration
The followings ystemh asb eena doptedt0 represenr:to rresponding
soundosf theA rabicA lphabet.
Ar.rbicle tter Example
tArabic)
( English)
a
b
t
rh
J
h
kh
I
2s
sh
I
{
I
1,
gh
f
g
k
I
m
n
w
h
the letter I
v
I
Y
dr
,i
cc
c
Jj
)
)
tA
,.*
. c
f
-b
ee
15
(l,
JIot
j
Allah Apple
bismillah Tirmizi loy
uthman through
Jabir iug
Raheem [ate
Khalifah English
Dnm, i lbe
Aian reEemble
fur liver
zahid gero
sal5m seen
shuaib shop
salat sardine
wudu no fahir no guhr razor
Jam6'at no Maghrib no Fajr lan
lqamat queen
kitab f,een
Jibreel lean
Muhammad l[oon
Nisai noon
wu{u fiallet
janazah [our
I noe quivalent
t in the L5
to
year
Notes the following system has been adopted to represent corresponding
sounds of the Arabic Alphabet.
ArJbic letter English
Example
Equivalent
I Arabic) ~pple
~ bat
~ !oy
'-•oJ th t.Drough
C jug
C; Ra~eem bate
C no equivalent
..) d
Dn.mi the
oJ i
re~emble
J r Asr river
J z !ero
IJ" s salam ~een
... mop fJ'"
oj' ~ ~alat ~ardine
~ ,d wu~u equivalent
fahir equivalent
j; ? ~uhr ra~or e , JamIt'at equivalent
e gh equivalent
~ Fajr- fan
~ q Iqamat feen
J lean
r !!loon
U j wUQu wallet
~ janazah ttour
• , no equivalent
( middle
of letter)
c.S y '10

11. The followings ystemh as beena doptedt o represensto meo f the
complexs oundos f theA rabicla nguage.
The following system has been adopted to represent some of the
complex sounds of the Arabic language.
A macron (-) placed on a transcribed Arabic vowel indicates
lengthening of the sound of that letter.
Arabic English
A macron( -) placed0 n a transcribeAd rabicv owel
lengtheninogf thes oundo f thatl etter.
Arabic English
Equivalents
e
Example
(Arabic)
AilAh
Raheem
0awfid
awwal
indicates
Example
(Ensl is)h
Apple
seen
sit
seen
he
boot
true
sew
shovel
baY
age
ee
I
ioree
hT
u-u
aYy
ivv
r5l
)
I
6'1
ll
j i
ii
$i
t5i
13t
Note:$ ometimeasn Arabicle tterc hangesso unda ccordint0g its
positionin thew ord;f or examplew;h etheirt is at theh eginninign,
ihe middle0 r thee nd.I n suchc ircumstantcheesA rabicle tterh as
heenre presentbeyd m oreth ano neE nglisehq uivalent.
Abbrwirtionr
Thef ollowinagb brwiationhsa veb eenu sedin thisb ook.
$,A.Uv, $tt- ul. Lllltj ALAYlllIlA $Al,L-A t
I PtACAr t0 8l.tS$ll0l0F ALAt f{ 8t uP0t l{lt I
RA0tA il.l|lfJ Ailll/| l|i llA
I tAy Aruil 8t PLtA$t|01l l h lllt/ l{tR
R. A.
11
Equivalents
.- a
.sL ee
J i
So i or ee
.Jb hi I'I u
)1 u
jf aw
)1 aww
(51 ay
Cf ayy
~~ iyy
Example
(Allih
Raheem
istanja
Dawud
Example
( English)
Apple
seen
bay
Note: Sometimes an Arabic letter changes sound according to position in the word; for example; whether it the beginning, in
the middle or at the end. In such circumstances the Arabic letter has
been represented by more than one English equivalent.
Abbreviations
The following abbreviations have been used in this book.
So A0 W0 SAl- lAl LANU AlAYHI WA SAL- LAM
I PEACt AND BLESSING OF AllAH BE UPON HIM I
R0 A0 RADI ALLAHU ANHU I ANHA
I MAY ALLAH BE PLEASED WITh HIMI HER
11

12. Chcrpter I
Chapter BEFOHDEO INGW I JOU
lf someonnee edtso got o thet oilet,h es houldu set het oileta ndd o
istanjbae fored oingw udu.
ABLUTINO
SIWAK(T OO TH- STICK)
It is a goodp racticteo cleanth et eethw ith sticko,r tooth-brushb
BEFORE DOING WUQU
If someone needs to go to the toilet, he should use the toilet and do
istanja before doing wudu.
ABLUTION
SIWAK (TOOTH--STlCK)
good practice to clean the teeth with a tooth-stick, or a tooth­brush
before performing wudu. In this way you can avoid many
eforep erforminwgu du.I n thisw ay cana voidm any
diseaswesh icha rec ausebdy uncleatne eth.
diseases which are caused by unclean teeth.
fu mentioneidn theh adithA isha(R .A.)r eportedA llah'ms essen-gera
ss aying:'-T he useo f sticiks meanosf purifyintgh e
As mentioned in the hadith Aisha (R.A.) reported Allah's messen­ger
as saying:- ''The use of a tooth-stick is a means of purifying the
moutha ndi sp leasintgo the Lorda sw ell"
mouth and is pleasing to Lord as well" )
(Ahmad0.a rmia, ndN isa.il
PropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.a)l sos aid:-" lf wouldn'ht avefe lt
thati t is diffic,uflto r peopleI woudf haveo rderetdh emt o usea
stickw ith everyp rayert,h at befored oinge achw udu.S o,
muslimssh oulda lwaytsr y fulfilt hisw isho f ourP rophe(tS .A.W.).
MAKTNIGN TENT|0NF 0RW UgU( N|YAT)
Befores tartingt he actionso wu{u necesaryt0 maken iyat.
MakeN iyatt hat the act performinwg uf,ui s purposoef
purityo nfy.N iyats houldb e madein theh earbt ecausite i sa na ction
of theh earat ndn oto f thet ongue.
Niyatb y wordsi s approvebdy PropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.l.
Thens tartt he wu{u by B ismillbhhi r-ra[rmnai r-raheem
(ln then ameo f m ostg racioum$,o stm erciful)"
ACTIO]tIFSO RP ERF OR MIIIIGA8 L UTIOI{.
l. Washth e handsu p to wristm akings uret hatn 0 parto f handiss l eftd ry.
2. Rinseth em outht akingu p waterw ;tht her ighth and.
Cleanth e noses: niffw ateru p fromt he rightp alma ndt hene ject
waterw ith thel eft 12
Ahmad. Oarmi, and Nisai .
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.WJ also said:- "If I wouldn't have felt
that it difficult for my people I would have ordered them to use a
tooth-stick with every prayer, that is, before doing each wuQu. So"
muslims should always try to fulfil this wish of our Prophet (S.A.W.).
MAKING INTENTION FOR WUI}U (NIYAT)
Before starting the actions 0 wu~u it is necessary to make niyat.
Make Niyat that of performing wu~u is for the purpose of
purity only. Niyat should be made in the heart because it is an action
the heart and not of the tongue.
Niyat by words is not approved by Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.).
Then start the wu~u saying:- Bismillah hir-ra~ma nir-raheem
In the name of Allah, most gracious, most merciful) II
ACTIONS FOR PERFORMING ABLUTION.
1. Wash the hands up the wrist making sure that no part of the
hands is left dry.
Rinse the mouth taking up water with the right hand.
3. Clean the nose: sniff water up from the right palm and then eject
water with the left hand.

13. a. 4. {Wash ash the the face, f from rom eart ear to o -ear, eata, and ndf forehead oreheadto to chinm chin making aking sure sure
that no parto f thef acei s dry.
T hen rvasht he forearms(r ight forearmf irst) elbou,s
makings uret hatn o parto f themi sl eftd ry.
Rubt heh eada sf ollows:-
Wety ourf ingersa ndt henw ipet heh eadw ithy ourf ingerqnstarting
foreheadt,a kingt hem napeo f t hen
bringt hemb ackt o thef orehead.
7. Cleanth ee anb y insertintgh et ipso f thei ndexf ingerws ettedw ith
unter t wistt hema roundth e foidso f earst hen
passth et humbb ehindth ee arsfr omt heb ottomu, pwards.
*Washt he (right fint) anklesm akings ure
parb feeta rel eft especiallbye trueetnh e *SPECIAFLA CILITIEISi l ABLUTIOT{
Eubbingt he socksw ith handsi nsteado f washingth e feet;
allowedp, rovidedth at socksh aveb eenp ut 0n afterp erfonr,'r g
ablutioni,n cludingw ashintgh e T hisi s aflowedfo r fromt het imeo f ablutiona,n df or3 daysif thep ersoins onaj ourney.
Aftert hist imet he feetm ustb ew ashedS.i milarliyf thereis pars bodyw hichh ast o bew ashedin ablutiona, ndi f
washingth at particulapr art likelyt 0 causeh arm,permisible
wipet hed ressinogf thew oundw itha weth and.
HAOITH
Mughirab ins hu'bahs aid, "Prophet( S.A.W.p) erformeda blution
andw ipedo verh iss ocksa ndh iss andals."
(AhmadT, irmiziA, bu Dawilda, ndl bn Maiah).
Eachd etaiol f ablutionh asb eenp erformebdy PropheMt uhammad
(S.A.W.o) nce,t wice 0r threet imes( exceptr ubbingo f heada nd
cleaningo f i .e. actions6 shouldo nly bb doneo nce).
Sincea ll abovem ethodsm eetP rophe(tS .A.W.)ta pprovawl e
canp erforma blutionb y doingt hea ctionos ncet,w ice0 r threet imes.
providedth at parth asb eenle ft drY.
Shuaibq, uotingh isf athero n authorityo f hisg rand'
fathern arratedth at PropheMt uhamma{dS .A.W.s)a id," lf performsa ctionso f ablutionm oret han3 timesrhhea sd onew rong,
tramgreseda,n dd onew ickedly.
OU'A EilD ABLUTIOT{
l5 itaha
illall dhur mhd ahul f shareeklaa hfi
(Nisail,b n part of the face is left dry.
5. Then wash the forearms (right forearm first) up to the elbows
making sure that no part of them is left dry.
6. Rub the head as follows:-
Wet your fingers and then wipe the head with your fingers,starting
from the forehead, taking them to the nape of the neck, then
bring them back to the forehead.
Clean the ears by inserting the tips of the index fingers wetted with
water into the ears, twist them around the foids of the ears then
pass the thumb behind the ears from the bottom, upwards.
8. *Wash the feet foot first) up to the ankles making sure
that no parts of the feet are left dry, especially between the toes.
*SPECIAL FACILITIES IN ABLUTION
Rubbing the socks with wet hands instead of washing the feet;
allowed, provided that the socks have been put on after perfonr',lg
an ablution, including washing the feet. This is allowed for 24 hours
from the time of ablution, and for 3 days if the person is on a journey.
After this time the feet must be washed. Similarly if there is a wound
in any parts of the body which has to be washed in ablution, and if
washing that particular part is likely to cause harm, it is permissible
to wipe the dressing of the wound with a wet hand.
HADITH
Mughira bin shu'bah said, Prophet (S.A.W.) performed ablution
and wiped over his socks and his sandals."
Ahmad, Tirmizi, Abu Dawud, and Ibn Majah).
Each detail of ablution has been performed by Prophet Muhammad
S.A.W,) once, twice or three times (except rubbing of head and
cleaning of ears, i.e. actions 6 and 7 should only be done once).
Since all the above methods meet Prophet (S.A.W,}'s approval we
can perform ablution by doing the actions once, twice or three times.
provided that no Dart has been left dry.
Amr bin Shuaib, quoting his father on the authority of his grand­father
narrated that Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) said, "If anyone
performs actions of ablution more than 3 times,he has done wrong,
transgressed, and done wickedly.
DU'A AT THE END OF ABLUTION
"Ash hadu an Iii iI aha
iIIallahu wah dahu Ifshareeka lahu
13
Nisai, Ibn Majah)

14. wa atrna
illuhammad'aanb duhwEa
rruluhu:( Mrnliml.
fi;*l t f
"e,j'i
$jli,Et l,f r gl ilfS *r ;i;*i
rfi'i-*$s;#l
Allahh umm ai' alnsem inat
trpwlbmn sni hlneom inal
mub ph-hiren." (Tirmiril.
<tr;:toiriFi"isl..v}bQy*;5lrtirest;ay;$rf
l tctify thereis deitye xcepAt llaha loneA. ndI testify
thatM uhamma(Sd. AW.iIs H iss ervanatn dm essenger."
(Muslim)
Allahm akem ea mongth osew hoa rep enitenatn dm akem e
amontgh ossw hoa rep urified."
(Tirmizil
TAYATIi,IUIt|
circumstancwsh enr vatecr annobt e o r juste nougihs
arailablfeo r drinkingo, r it is iniufoust0 healthi:n suchs ituations
Tayammu(mdr ya blutionc)a nb ep erformed.
procedurbee lowi s givena ccordintgo Ourana nd Hadith.
".........Anifd you don'tf ind anyw atert,h ent akec leane afth
(ors anda) ndr ubi t yourf acea, ndh andsA. llahd oesn otw ish
put you difficultyb, ut hew antsto makey ouc leana,n dt o
complete-Hfrivso uru ntoy ou,s o yous houldb e gratefutol Him."
(SurahV . verse6 ). (Thep ermisionto uses andf or thisp urposies
allorveidn theO uran).
PROC EOU8 E
l. Maken iyaitn theh mrt.
Begiwn itht hen ameo f Strikeb othp almso f hando n cleans andd, usto r anythincgo n-tainingth
esee, .g.w all stonee tc.f ren blowi nto palms.
pan the pafmso f both handso vert he faceo ncea ndt henr uh
yourr it'rt handw ith the left palma ndl ett handw ith ther ight
palml.
(Bukhaarin dM rslim).
14
wa ash hadu an-na
Muhammadan 'abduhu wa
rasuluhu: (Muslim).
"Allah hum maj 'alnn minat
taw-wlbeen"Mj 'alnee minal
muta 18h-hireen." (TirmizH.
"1 testify that there is no rjeity except Allah alone. And I that Muhammad (S.A.W.) is His servant and messenger."
Muslim)
"0 Allah make me among those who are penitent and make me
among those who are purified."
Tirmizi)
TAYAMMUM
In circumstances when water cannot be found, or just enough is
available for drinking, or injurous to health: in such situations
Tayammum (dry ablution) can be performed.
The procedure below is given according to Ouran and And if don't find any water, then take clean earth
or sand) and rub it on your face, and hands. Allah does not wish
to in a difficulty, but he wants to make you clean, and to
complete -His favour unto you, so you should be grateful to Surah V. verse 6). The permission to use sand for this purpose is
allowed in the Quran).
PROCEDURE
1. Make niyat in the heart.
2. Begin with the name of Allah.
3. Strike both palms of hand on clean sand, dust or anything con­taining
these, e.g. wall or stone etc. then blow into the pass palms of hands over the face once and then rub
your right hand with palm and left hand with the right
palm).
Bukhari and Muslim).

15. 4. Finishw Finish with ith thes the same ameD Du'a u'da as sg given ivena at t thee the end ndo of f ahlution.
ablution.
Note: Other procedures include the forearms .and shoulders as well as
armpits. These have been transmitted by reputable scholars but the
most preferable and authentic is that given above.
f{ote: 0ther procedureinsc ludet he forearmasn ds houlderass w ellm
armpitsT. heseh aveb eent ransmittedb y reputablesc holanb ut mostp referabalen da uthentiics t hatg ivena bove.
oooooo
15
o o o
15
o o o

16. Chapter Chspter 2
TIMETIME · - PLACE PTACE - - DRESS and - - TYPES OF SALAT
SALAT
1. I. TIME OF SALAT
Each Each,~alat qalaTtu. must lt be offered offereda at t or during during_its iup proper roperti time.. me..No N o flist plat Cln
crn
be offered offeredb before eforei its ts time. There T herea are ref five ive.obligatory obligatordya falat t in iiiiaai.
a day.
FAJR PRAYEB
The time for the Fajro r morningp rayers tartsa t dawna nd
endsa t sunrise.
Zuhr Pnyer
earlya ftemoonp rayerr tartsw hent he
sunb eginsto declinef r om zenitha nde ndrw trent her izeo f obiectts hadowis e quatlo thes izeo f theo biect.
Jabirb in Abdulfah(R .A.l narrated',T he angeJl ibreecl ams
PropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.a)n ds aidt o 'Standu p pray S o messengoefr (S.A.WI prayedZ uhr
declinedfr om zenlth.T hent ne Anget
Jibreecl amea gaina t ands aid,' Standu p and
PrayA sriT henP ropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.p) rayedA sr'when
shadowo f everythinwga se quatl o T henJ ibreecl ame
dayt o PropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.a) nds aid,S tand
!p prayZ uhr'.T henP ropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.p) rayed
Zuhrw hent he shadowo f everythinwg ase qualt o T hen
Jibreecl amea gaina t ands aid,' Standu p andp rayA sr'.
Thenh e prayedf ur whent he shadowo f everythingrv ast rvice
its length
TherrJ ibreesl aid,( afterp raying1 0p rayerws ith PropheMt uham-mad(
S.A.W.)i n nruoc onsecutivdea ys)th at isi n betweetnh $e timesl"
T irmizi Bukharir emarkedt hat is
them osta uthentihca dithg ivingth et imeso f We find $alat state Zuhr prayera nd startingt ime fui prayerw hEnt he
shadowo f somethingis B ut contradicttsh e
aboveh aditha s0 n thef irstd ayJ ibreeal skedP ropheMt uhammad
(S.A.W.t)0 prayf ur whent hes hadowo f everythinwga se quaf
to T hism eansth atw ast he endt ime Zuhrp rayerA. nd
we alreadyk now ulamaso f MuslimU mmah
16
PRAYER
Fajr or the morning prayer starts at dawn and
ends at sun-rise.
Prayer
The time for Zuhr or the early afternoon prayer starts when the
sun begins to decline from its zenith and ends when the size of an
object's shadow is equal to the ~ize of the object.
Jabir bin Abdullah (R.A.) narrated, "The angel Jibreel came
to Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) and said to him, 'Stand up and
Zuhr'. So the messenger of Allah S.A.W prayed Zuhr
when the sun had decl ined from its zenith. Then the Angel
Jibreel came again at the time of Asr and said, 'Stand up and
Pray Asr~ Then Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) prayed Asr when
the shadow of everything was equal to itself. Then Jibreel came
the next day to Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) and said, 'Stand
up and pray Zuhr', Then Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) prayed
Zuhr when the shadow of everything was equal to itself. Then
Jibreel came again at Asr time and said, 'Stand up and pray Asr'.
Then he prayed Asr when the $hadow of everything was twice
its length _
Then Jibreel said, (after praying 10 prayers with Prophet Muham­mad
(A.W.) in two consecutive days) that the time of prayer
is in between these two times:"
Ahmad, Nasai, Tirmizi and Bukhari remarked that this is
the most authentic hadith giving the times of prayer.
that many books on ~alat stat~ the ending time
of prayer and the starting time of Asr prayer when the
shadow of something is twice itself. But this contradicts the
above hadith as on the first day Jibreel asked Prophet Muhammad
A.W.) to pray Asr when the shadow of everything was eQuat
itself. This means that was the end time of Zuhr prayer. And
already know that all the ulamas of the Muslim Ummah

17. agreeu agree unanimously nanimoustlhy that at n0 no prayerc prayer can anb be e offeredb offered before eforeit its st time.
ime.
Arr Prryer
Thet rmef or Asro r latea fternoonp rayesr tartsw hent hes hadow
ofs omethinisge quatlo itselfa nde ndsju stb efo res unset.
bettert o offerf ur prayebr eof ret hes unb eeomeyse llow
becauseev ent houghi t allowedt o orayera t this
timet he Prophe(tS .A.Y{d.}i slikedM uslimtso 0elayf ur prayer
up remarkedth at Munafiq( Hypocritel
offeredh isp rayear t thist ime.
MaghribP raycr
Thet imef or theM aghrib0 r th0s unsept rayesr tartsju sta fter
sunseatn de ndsw hent wilighth asd isappeared.
shaP rayer
Thet ime lshao r nightp rayesr tartsfr omt he disappearaitue
twilighat nde ndsju stb eforem idnight.
ii preferablieo prayerb eforem idnighbt ut it
canb eo fferedri ghtu o tn theb reako f dawn'
l,lote:- countriews hered uet o cloudyw eathetrh e alurnyvsi siblei t is advisablteo follow printedc alendargsi vingt he
accuratteim eo f eachP raYer.
FORBIDDETNIM ESO FP HAYER
uqbahb in Amirs aid," Therew ereth reeti mesa t whichA llah's
messeng(eSr .A.W.u) sedt o forbidu st o pray0 r (i) Whenth es unb egatno riseu ntiti t wasf ullyu p.
(ii) When the passed
(iii) Whenth es und rewn eatro settingti ll hads etl'
(MUSLIM)
FOBBIDDETiIlM ESF ORN AFLP RAYER
{i} Sa'eeda l Khudree( R.A.)r eportedA llah'sm es$enger
(S.A.W.a) s saying," No prayeri s saida ftert he Fair
prayeru ntil riseso, r aftert he fur prayeru ntil the
sun setsl'
(Bukhar i 'M&u sl im)
nafl prayeris forbiddena t theset imesb ut a missed
fardp rayers and e offeredM. osto f ulamaos f theM uslim
Ummaha llowedt he offeringo f missedfa rd prayera fter
Fajra ndf ur becausoef thef ollowinhga dith
ProphetM uhammad(S .A.W.s) aid, '1/Vhhoa sf orgotten
prayerh e shouldp ray whenevehr e rememberitsi '
(Bukha&r i Musl im)
(ii) A nafl prayer cannot be offered once the lqamat for fard
prayerh as beens aid. Abu Hurairahf larratedth at the mes-
17
Asr Prayer
The time for Asr or late afternoon prayer starts when the shadow
of something is equal to itself and ends just before sunset.
It is better to offer Asr prayer before the sun becomes yellow
because even though it is allowed to offer the prayer at time the Prophet (S.A.W.l disliked Muslims to Oelay Asr up to this time. He remarked that the Munafiq (Hypocrite)
offered his prayer at this time.
Maghrib Prayer
The time for the Maghrib or th~ sunset prayer starts just after
sunsp.t and ends when twilight has disappeared.
!sha Prayer
The time for Isha or night prayer starts from the disappearance
of twilight and ends just before midnight.
It is preferable to offer this prayer before midnight but can be offered right uo to thp. break of dawn.
Note: - In countries where due to cloudy weather the sun is not
always visible it advisable to printed calendars giving the
accurate time of each prayer.
FORBIDDEN TIMES OF PRAYER
Uqbah bin Amir said, H, There were three times at which Allah's
messenger (S.A. W.) used to forbid us to pray or bury our dead.
(i) When the sun began to rise untir it was fully up.
(jj) sun was at its height at midday til! it p~sed
the meridian,
(iii) When the sun drew near to setting till it had set:'
MUSLIM)
FORBIDDEN TIMES FOR NAFl PRAYER
(i) Abu Sa'eed al Khudree (R.A.) reported Allah's messenger
S.A.W.) as saying, "prayer is to be said after the Fajr
prayer until the sun rises, or after the Asr prayer until sun sets:'
Bukhari-& Muslim)
Only naf1 prayer is forbidden at these times but fard prayer can de offered. Most of the ulamas of the Muslim
Um'mah allowed the offering of missed fard prayer after
Fair and Asr because of the following hadith
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) said, 'Who has forgotten
the prayer he should pray it whenever he remembers it:'
(Bukhari & Muslim)
(ij) A nafl prayer cannot be offered once the Iqamat for fard
prayer has been said. Abu Hurairah nal'rated that the mes:
17

18. sengeor f Allah( S.A.W.sl aid,'t {hen lqanlath asb eens aid,
thenrthereis prayerv alid( Nafl e xcept he
Fardp rayefro rw hicht he lqamawt ass aid."
senger of Allah (A.W.) said, "When the Iqamat has been said"
then, there is no prayer valid (Nafl or sunnat) except the
Fard prayer for which the Iqamat was said."
(Ahmad& It seenin practiceth at manyp eoplec ontinuew ith sunnatp rayerw en thought he iqamath asb eens aidf or far{ prayere peciallyi n Fajrp rayerT. hey feelt hat Rakats unnato f Fajrc ano nly offeredb eforeth e Far{.
practiceis againsct ongregatioPnh ilosophyd,i scipline
Jamd'ata, nd clearv iolationo f T hey rakats unnato f Fairi mmediatelayf tert he Fardo r
P LACEF ORS ALAT
placeo r buildingw hichi s usedf or purposeo f woship
prayeri s calleda mciid (Mosque)A. haditht ellsu s "all
earthh asb eenr enderefdo r Muslimsa, mosque(P urea nd
clmn)."
mearst hat wherevear muslimm ightb e prayerb ut reuardo f prayero fferedi n mosqueis grmEr
thant hat offeredin ordinaryp laceT. hef ollowingp ointss hould
ben otedw henc hoosinag placefo r (a) places houldb e clan andp ure.$ alati n f ilthy places uch if rubbisht ip, slaughtehr ouse,b athing
placea nda camepl eni sf orbidden.
(bl places houldb e dangerT. he danpr someoneo r somethintgh at mayd isturbt he (c) prayerp lacew heret he worshippemr ighth inderm ovement
otherss houldb e avoidede, .g.b usyp avementsp,u blicr oad-ways
(d) lt isf orbiddetno prayo n ther oofo f Baitulla(hK a'bahl.
(e) lt isf orbiddento prayo n facingto wardsa DRESSF ORS ATAT
(i) The dres mens houldb e sucht hat coversfr om navetl o kneemlte ct.
Ahmad & Muslim)
is seen in practice that many people continue with the
sunnat prayer even though the iqamat has been said for the
far~ prayer especially in the Fajr prayer. They feel that the
2 Rakat sunnat of Fajr can only be offered before the Far~.
This practice is against congregation Philosophy, discipline
of Jama'at, and a clear violation of Hadith. They should
offer 2 rakat sunnat of Fajr immediately after the Fard or
after sunrise.
2. PLACE FOR SALAT
A place or a building which is used for the purpose of worship
and prayer is called a masjid Mosque). A hadith tells us that the earth has been rendered for the Muslims, a mosque (Pure and
clea!l)."
This means that wherever a muslim might be he can offer his
prayer but the revvard of a prayer offered in a mosque is far greater
than that offered in an ordinary place. The following points should
be noted when choosing a place for prayer.
a) The place should be clean and pure. ~Iat in a dirty, filthy and
impure place such as a rubbish tip, slaughter house, bathing
place and a camel pen is forbidden.
b) The place should be free from danger. The danger could be
due to someone or something that may disturb the worshipper.
A prayer place where the worshipper might hinder movement
of others should be avoided, e.g. busy pavements, public road­ways
etc.
d) It is forbidden to pray on the roof of Saitullah (Ka'bah).
It is forbidden to pray on top of or facing towards a grave.
3. DRESS FOR SALAT
MEN
(j) dress for the men should be such that it covers from the
navel to the kneesat least.
18

19. (in iil ThEshouldesrhso The shoulders should uldn not ot bel be left eft uncovered.
(iii) iiil $$alat alatc tan an be prayedi prayed in n one garmenitf garment if it coverst covers the he body
from the navel to the knees as well as the shoulders.
"None of you must in a single garment of whilh part comes over the shoulder:'
fromt he navetlo kneesa sw ella st hes houlders.
pray sin$e garmenot f whirh no
partc omeso vert hes houlderj'
(BUKHAR&I M USL IM}
lf, howevert,h e grment enought o uovert he
shouldertsh en partso f betweent he navela nd
thek neesh oulda t leasbt ec overed.
WOME N
dresso f womans houldb e sucht hat it coversh er whole
headt o leavingo nly facea nd handsu n'
coveredA. prayero fferedin transparenctlo thingis not valid. A lso
cfothingw hichs howst he shapeo f bodys hould
TYPESO FS ALAT
Fardo r obligrtoryS alat.
Fardp rayeri s obligatoryp rayer[.v ery believeirs Allaht o offerf ive obligatoryp rayersin Failureto
observaen y one obligatorpy rayeriss seriousa nd
punishabslien .
b) ltlafl Thisi s voluntaryp rayewr hicht heP rophe(tS .A.W.o)b served
beforeo r Farda t speciaal nd isolatedo ccasionlst .a lso
includetsh osew hichh ee ncouragMedu slimtso prav.
TheN aflP rayecra nb ed ividedin tot hreec ategortes.
(i) SunnaMt u'akkada(cho mpuhory)
Thati st hosew hic,ahr ee mphasizbeyd t heH olyP rophe(tS .A.W.)
offeredr egularlyb y beforeo r aftert he Fardp rayrlr.
(iil GheiMr u'akkada(ohp tional)
Thati s thoseo fferedo nly occasionablly PropheMt uhammad
(s.A.w.l.
r9
BUKHARI &MUSLIM)
If, however, the garment is not long enough to cover the
shoulders then parts of the body between the navel and
the knees should at least be covered.
WOMEN
The dress of the woman should be such that covers her body from head to foot leaving only the face and the hands un·
covered. A prayer offered in transparent clothing is Also
tight fitting clothing which shows the shape of the body should
be avoided.
4. TYPES OF ~ALAT
a) Far~ or obligatory $alat.
Far~ prayer is an obligatory prayer. Every believer is ordered
by Allah to offer five obligatory prayers in a day. Failure to
observe anyone of the five obligatory prayers is a serious and
punishable sin.
NafJ Prayer.
This is a voluntary prayer which the Prophet (S.A.W.) observed
before or after Far~ at special and isolated occasions. It also
includes those which he encouraged Muslims to pray.
The Nafl Prayer can be divided into three categones.
i) Sunnat Mu'akkadah (compulsory)
That is those which are emphasized by the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.)
and offered regularly by him before or after the Far~ praYI~r.
(ii) Ghair Mu'akkadah (optional)
That is those offered only occasionally by Prophet Muhammad
(S.A.W.).
19

20. (iii) iiil Nell thfl Preyer Prryrr (Extrl)
Extnl
Thb is an extrap rayerT. hereis a rewarfdo r prayinigt andn o
sinf or leavinigt. lt canb eo ffereadt anyi solateidn stancaec cord-ingt
This extra prayer. There is reward for praying it and no
sin for leaving it. It can be offered at any isolated instante atcord­ing
o thet imea ndc apacitoyf theb elievePr.r opheMt uhammad
to the time and capacity of the believer. Prophet Muhammad
((S.S.A.AW,)W.) encouraged e ncouragethde the believers believert0s to pray prayn natl all to help helpm make
ake
up for anym inoro mbsionosr otherd efec$praysr.
any minor omissions or other defects in the obligatory
prayer.
NUMBER OF RAKATS FORTHE FIVE OBLIGATORY PRAYERS
0 Fejr Prlyer.
5. TUTIBERO FR AKATSF ORT HEF IVEO ETIGATORPYR AYERS
(il Frir Prryrr.
2 rakats rakars sunnat unnaMt Mu'akkadah, u'akkada2h 2 Rakats R, akatFsa Far~.
rd.
(ii) Zuhr Prryrr,
(ii) Prlver.
2 or 4 rakats rakatssu sunnat nnaMt Mu'akkadah, u'akkada4h 4 rakats r,a kabf far~, ar{,2 rakats rakatsu sunnat
nnat
Mu'akkadah Mu'akkadahn and da an nu unspecified nspecifiendu number mbeor of f nafl naflr as o time timea and ndc cap­acity
ap-acitya
lloun.
allows.
lbn Umar( R.A.)s aid" l prayeda lonew ith Allah'sm esengel
(S.A.W.2) rakatsb eforea nd2 rakatsa ftert he Zuhrp rayer."
Ibn Umar (R.AJ said "I prayed alone with Allah's messenger
(S.A.WJ 2 rakats before and 2 rakats after the Zuhr prayer."
(BUKHAR&I M USL IM)
It is a familiar familiarp practice racticet to o offer 4
rakats sunnat before Zuhr
prayer, but this hadith proves that 2 rakat sunnat before the
Zuhr prayer is also allowed.
prayerb, ut provest hat
Zuhrp rayeirs a lsoa llowed.
(iiil Arr Prryrr.
BUKHARI & MUSLIM)
(iii) Asr Praver.
2 or 0r 4 rakats rakat sunnat sunnat$ ghair rair Mu'akkadah, Mu'akkadah4, 4 rakats rakatsF Fard.
ard.
Ali ((R.R.A,) A.)said, s aid", "Allah's Allah'sm messenger,(essenf(S.rS A..A.W,) W.used u}s edt0 to pray4 pray 4 rakats
rakafu
beforeA before Per er prayesrs prayer separating paratatnhge them mw with itha a salll s alut tation........"
ation........"
(TfRMIZI)
TlBftllZll
Anothehr adithn arratebdy Ali (R.A.s) ays",A llah'sm esenger
(S.A.Wu.}s edto prayt w'or akasb eforeA srp rayer."
Another hadith narrated by (R.AJ says, "Allah's messenger
A.WJ used to pray two rakats before Asr prayer." _
(ABUD AWUO}
((iv) ivl MrghribP Meghrib Preyer.
rryar.
2 rakatsn afl, 3 rakan
an unspacifiendu mber
ABU DAWUO)
fard, 2 rakats unnaMt u'akkadahn d
of nafl 6 time capacitay llows.
rakats nafl, rakats sunnat Mu'akkadah and
unspecified number of' as and capacity allows.
Abdullah bin Mughaffal reported the Prophet (A.W.) as saying,
Abdullahb in Mughaffarle portedth e Prophe(t S.A.W.a) ss aying,
20

21. "Pray beforet he Maghribp rayerja' ddingw hens ayingit thirdt ime," Thisa pplietso thosew how isht o d0s 0."
before the Maghrib prayer;' adding when saying it the
third time, "This applies to those who wish to do so."
(EUKHARtM& USL |MI
Thatw asb ecaushee did wishp eoplet0 treati t asa com-pulsorsyu
nnat.
2 rakatsn afla fters unseatn db eforeth em aghripbr ayer
area l lowedfo r t l ioselv how isht o do:0. thist hea bove
hadithi s a surep roof.H owevesr,o mep eoplefo rbidt hisa nd
othersf ind it srrangeif theys eea persono ffer2 naflb eforeM aghrib.
(v) lshaP myer.
unspecifiendu mber0 f rakatsa ccordintgo andc apacity4, rakatsfa rd,rakatss unnatM u'akkadauhn, -
specifiedn umbero f capacitya lloraann d Somep eoplein sistv erye mphaticalulyp ont he offeringo f rakatso ptionasl unnatb eforet he ishap rayerb ut duringo ur
entirer esearcwhe couldn ot singlep roof,a ny practice
orderf rom PropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.o)r hisc ompanions
justifyt hisc laim.C ertainliyt allowedta prayn aflw hile
waitingfo rJ amd'at.
Somep eopleo ffer rakats.n afl aftert he prayer. H ow-evet,
t herei s authentihc adithw hichs tatesth at prayesr houldb e offe reda ftera ll naflw hicha persown ishcs
prayh aveb eeno ffered.
lbn Umar( H.A.)r eportetdh att heM esengeorf Allah( S.A.W)
said," Makew itr ast hel at prayeor f yourn ightp rayerl'
(MtsKHA TI
o o o
o o
21
BUKHARI &MUSLIM)
That was because he not wish people to treat it as a com­pulsory
sunnat.
rakats nafl after sunset and before the maghrib prayer
are allowed for tliose who wish to do ::0. For this the above
hadith is sure proof. However, some people forbid this and
others find very suange if they see a person offer 2 rakats
natl before Maghrib.
(v) Isha Prayer.
An unspecified number of nafl rakats according to the time
and capacityI 4 rakats fard, 2 rakats sunnat Mu'akkadah, un­specified
number of nafl 'as time and capacity allows and 3
witr.
Some people insist very emphatically upon the offering of 4
rakats optional sunnat before the isha prayer but during our
entire research we could not find a single proof, any or order from Prophet Muhammad (S.A.WJ or his companions
to justify this claim. Certainly it is allowed tQ pray nafl while
waiting for Jama'at.
Some people offer 2 rakats ~nafl after the witr How­ever,
there is an authentic hadith which states that the witr
prayer should be offered after all the nafl which a person wishes
to pray have been offered.
Ibn Umar (R.A.) reported that the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.)
said, "Make witr as the last prayer of your night prayer:'
(MISHKAT)

22. Chspter t
AZAN you alf fivet imesa andy oum usth aveh eardit . Havey oue verw ondered
stafted?
sroRY0F n 2nr*r
longt imea gow hent heM uslimms igratefdr omM akkahto usedt o agreea bouta fixedt imef or congregationparal yer.
foundi t difficultt 0 remembetrh e prayer
sometimesrespeciwahllye n wereb usyd oingt heir ProphetM uhammad(S .A.W.)a nd Muslimsd iscusedt he
mattero f callingt he peoplef or congregationparla yera t exactt ime. Someo f believerssu ggestethde useo f somethinlgik e
Christianso,t hes suggestethde usso f hornl iket hat
theJ ewsb, ut Umar( R.A.)s uggestesedn dinsgo msonte0 T hen Messenge(Sr .AW.)a ppointedB ilal t0
callt he peoplet0 prayerB. ut seemtsh roughth es tudyo f methodw as satisfactoryT.h en ProphetM uhammad
(S.A.W.a} greedto usea Naqoos(ea eonch)s, omethinlgik e Christianbsu t hew c happyt o usei t becausoef itss imilarity
AfterP ropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.h)a do rderead bellt o bem ade
couldb e struckt o gathert he peopleto prayero; n samed aya companioAnb, dullahb in Zaidb in Rabbihirsa"idl ,
vrrassl eepinwg henI sawa manc arryinga nagoosien hish andsa, nd
'Servant
you self cked
woufdd o l thawt e wouldu sei t callt he
peopfet0 prayerH. es aid, ShalfI guidey out o somsthinbge tter
thant hat?'repliedr'Certainslyo' ,h e tnld met 0 sav,
'Allehu Akbar, AllEhu Altdhu
AkMr, ,Ash hadu an lE ildha illal lEh, xh hdu li il6ha
illal lEh, Ash hadu an-ru, Mufiammadar resitut4en, Ash an-na MuQammadAr rafilullEh, bayya
'al4 galEh, bayya 'alq galdh fuayya
'alal fa6h, fuayya
'alal-falEh AllEhu
Aktur, AllEhu Aktur, G ilffia illal lilh.'l
'
Chapter J
..... IQAMAT
As know, in all Muslim countries Aian is called aloud
five times a day and you must have heard it. Have you ever wondered
how it started?
STORY OF AZAN
A long time ago when the Muslims migrated from Makkah to Madinah
they used to agree about a fixed time for the congregational prayer.
They found it difficult to remember the time fixed for the sometimes, especially when they were busy doing their work. One
day Prophet Muhammad (S.A.WJ and the Muslims discussed the
matter of calling the people for the congregational prayer at the
exact time. Some of the believers suggested the use of something like
the bell of the Christians, others suggested the use of a horn like that
of the Jews, but Umar (A.) suggested sending someone to announce
the prayer. Then Allah's Messenger (S.A.W.) appointfd Bital to
call the people to prayer. But it seems through the study of ahadith
that the method was not satisfactory. Then Prophet Muhammad
A.WJ agreed to use a NaQoose (a oooch), something like the bell
of Christians but he was not happy to use it because of its similarity
with the Christians.
After Prophet Muhammad (S.A.WJ had ordered a bell to be made
so that it could be struck to gather the people to prayer; on that
same day a companion, Abdullah bin Zaid bin Abd Rabbihi"said, "1
was sleeDing when I saw a man carrying a naqoose in his hands, and
I said,
'Servant of Allah, will sell this to me?' When he asked
what I would do with it?t replied, that we would use it to call the
people to prayer. He said, 'Shall I not guide you to something better
than that?' I replied/Certainly', so he told me to sav.
'AI/ahu A/llJhu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, AI/shu
Akbar,. Ash Ii ilaha lah, ash hadu an la ilaha
iI/allah, Ash na Mul)ammadar resulu/·/iJh, Ash hadu
Mul)ammadilr rasulul-llJh, I)ayya 'a/Sf $a/ah, payya
'alSf ~aISh, payya 'alaI falal), Qayya 'alaI-fa Ilh Allahu
Akbar, AI/ahu Akbar, La ilaha iI/allah. ' ·
22

23. After After the the Aian the strangekre stranger kept pt quietf quiet for or a whilea while and ndt then
hen
said{,said, When l hen thec the congregation ongregatiiosnr is rea~e adyy y you ous should houlds say:- ay:- Allihu Allahu Akbar,
All6huA Allfihu Akbar, kbar.A Ash shh hadu adua an nl Iii i lilahail lilaha iIIallah, lall ah,f Ash uh hadua hadu ann'na[ ·na Muham­madar
luham-madarr
'alaqg alih, bayya
rasOlul-lah, ~ayya 'ala, salah, bayya 'alai fala~, qad qama tis
as0lul-lifrh, ayya
'alalf al-ahq, ad qEmati s
satahq, adq 6mat ii iaieh,A [l6huA kbar,A ll6huA kbar,l i ilihillal
Hh.
~Iah, qad qama tis salah, AII3hu Akbar, Allahu Akbar, la ilatll illal
lah.
WhenI When I told Allah'sM Allah's Messenger esenge((rS S.A.'A.W.) W.i)in n the morningw morning what
hat
I hads had seen1he eenrhsea said, id','l It t isa is a truev true vision, isioni,inshan sha'Allasho,·Allah, so g get etu up pa along longw with
ith
Bilal,Bilal, a and ndw when heny you ou havet have taught aughth him imw what haty you ou haves have seen eenle let t himu him use
se
it it in in makingth making the e callt call to o prayerf,prayer, for o r he hass has stronger trongevro voice icet than hany you
ou
have'.
have'.
So I got up along with Bilal and began to teach it to him, and
SoI alongw ith Bilala ndb egnnto teachi t heu he used sedit it in makingth making the ec call allt to o grayer..
praver.
Umar bin al-Khattab heard this' when he was in his house, and
Umarb in Khattahbe ardt hisw henh e wu hish ousea, nd
he cameo ut trailingh isc loaka nds aid, 'Mesengeorf Allah( S.A.W.),
he came out trailing his cloak and said, 'Messenger of Allah (A.W.),
by Him who has sent you with the truth, I have seen the same kind
of thin~ as has been revealed", To this Allah's Messenger (S.A,WJ
replied, 'Praise be to Allah!'"
hass enty ou haves eenth es amek ind
oi thing hasb eenr evealedT'' o Allah'sM esenge(rS .A.W.)
re'p lied',P raisbee t o Allah!"'
(Oarmi, DarmiN, Ahmad, tmad,l Ibn bnM Majah, aiahl,Ibn, b n,K KhuzaicDah, huzahahT,Tirmizi)
i rmizi)
So So from that day0 day on n t0 to the presendta present day y Aian iss is said aidt to o gather
peoplefo people for r thec the congregational ongregationparal prayer.
yer.
THE THEm MUAizlN
un2iru
A A person personw who ho calls callsp people eoplef for or the congregational congregationFarla prayer yeris is called
a Muaziin Before saying the Aian he should stand facing Ka'bah
in Makkah. He should raise his hands to his ears putting the tips
of forefingers into his ears and call in a loud voice. When he says
~ayya 'al~ ~alah he should turn his face to right and when he
says ~ayya 'alai Fala~ he should turn his face to the left.
TEXT OF THE AlAN
Mua2iin Befores ayingth e hes houlds tandfa cingK a'bah
in H e shouldr aiseh is handst o ean puttingt he forefingerisn to earsa ndc all voiceW. henh e Havva' alC Saldhh e shouldt urn facet o the righta ndw henh e
$yi'flayya"aialF alElhr es houldtu rn hisf acet o thel eft.
A'NT.I
f.-5{ Ji i -.;3 $et - ";3 fti'i'*-::;l,'}A
,,"iigf lfif {tfr::t ',ri,!r'^ll9e 1;41
r t^tJ Fui'#&)'rjsAil, jr,I J #fsJa, St" offi
b;~~~ " rji*rt
J"i~J::s..:r
~-r~~::# lr ~~l~~
'rF"i
';*V
l -e9^1-rr
og{.dt&G va$5t'e%
,'r{Si,A,i'ii5 fu"t
'o'"i'9r yUfX
l7J~~T~; j ~(i,
23
23

24. Allihu Akbar
Allah is the greatest
AllEhu Akbar
Allah is the greatest
Allahu Akbar
Allah is the greatest
Allihu Akbar
Allah is the greatesr
Ash hadu an lE il6ha illal l1h
bearw itnest hatt herei sn o deityb ut Ash hadu an ld it1ha iilat LEh
I bearw itnest hatt herei sn o deityb ut Ash hadu an-na rasulul Eh
bearw itnes thatM uhamma(dS .A.W.lIs t hem essengoefr A llah.
Ash hadu an-na Mul"tammadar rasulul lEh
I bearw itnestsh at MuhammatSd .A.tiJi.s)t he messengoefr A llah.
Hayyalalag galah
tiome prayer
Hayya'alag sal1h
Cometo Prayer.
Hayya'alal falah
Cometo yourG ood
Hayya'alal falah
Cometo yourG odA.
Alldhu Akbar
Allah greatest
Allahu Akbar
Allah greatest
LE ildha illal lah
Thereis n o deityb ut ainru FoR FA"IB
additionapl hraseis includedin Aian Fajrp rayer
aftert hes econdth yya
'alal Fal6h
!:'j,lrr'+:+'!it>iat
e+Att;Hr)-iit
4tr+1lfl! Kh-ayrumm inan nawm - prayeirs b etterth ans leep.
As.r alatuK hayrumm inann arvm- prayeirs b ettetrh ans leep.
TISTEIIIilGTO T HEA 2Ail
ll whent he beliarenh eart he Aian theys hourdri stento ir 24
Allihu Akbar
Allah is the greatest
AlliJhu Akbar
Allah is the greatest
Allahu Akbar
Allah is the greatest
AlliJhu greatest
Ash la i!§ha iI/allah
I bear witness that thp.re is no deity but Allah.
Ash la ilaha illal Lah
bear witness that there is no deity but Allah.
Ash an~Muhammadar rasululliJh
I bear witness that Muhammad (S.A.W.) is the messenger of Allah.
Ash na Muhammadar rasululliJh
bear witness that Muhammad (S.A.W.) is the messenger of Allah.
l;Iayya~/a~ ~alah
(;ome to 1;Iayya 'ala1 salah
Come to /;/ayya 'alaI falal)
Come to your Good
I;!ayya 'alaI falalJ
Come to your Good.
Allihu is the Allihu is the LlI iliha Lah
There is no deity but Allah.
AZAN FOR FAJR
An additional phrase is included in the Aian for the Fajr prayer
after the second ~ayya 'alai Fal~~
A~ ~al5tu ~hayrum minan .
~ ~aliJtu Khayrum minan nawm-
LISTENING TO THE A!AN
Prayer is better than sleep.
Prayer is better than sleep.
1) When the believers hear the they should listen to it in

25. silencaen silence and dr repeat epeaet each achp phrase hrasoef of the Aian in silenciem silence immedimedi'
·
atelya ately after ftert the he Muaiiin hasfi has finished nishesda saying yingthpeh the phrase.
rase.
'al4 salEahn d Havya'alal-fal-
2l Whenth e Muaiiin t layya
2) When the Muaziin says:- t:tayya 'al~ ~alah and I:tavya 'alat
ah:. thQ. ljstenesrh oulds ayi n reply:-- L ahawlWa alaq uw'
fal'ah . the listener should say in Lahawla Wala quw­wata
watar Ina llaB Bil-il-lah.
hh.
d+V,Ei-id;JF!
3) When the Aian has been completed, the listener and the
Whent he hasb eenc ompletedth, el istenearn dt he
Muaiiin Oariid ProphetM uhammad(S .A.W.}
follomif Du f;.
Muaziin recite Dariid unto Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)
followed by the Du'a.
OARiiDA OARUO AFTER FTETRH THE EA AiAN
ZAN
J3 3t hi3 +fu,J I'g G,;;f .e- ULJ ljfrti
fu:irb'++P?;i,"|f* 1ai,+ G14 rg' .a't'*ti h.l
''i+V,1,# -JI:$ W Jt F i $t!. JL1tV
"*l
dt *4'q# U'L-i;+tJ:. )t &i
AlEh Eal-li hlE Mufiammadin 'ald 1li Muftam-madin
"Allah humma ¥l1·li 'ala Mul)ammadin wa 'ali ali Muf1am·
madin kama kamE ~/-qal-Iayta layta'alE 'ali Ibraheema lbr1hffima wa ''ala ald ali ili Ibraheema
lbrEhema
innaka lJameedum fiamedum majeed. maied."
"
"Oh Allah, let your peace come upon Muhammad (S.A.W.) and
the family of Muhammad (S.A.W-l as you have sent peace upon
Ibrahim (A.S.) and his family. Truly you are praiseworthy and
gloriouJ~"
0h let peacec omeu pon Muhamma(dS .A.W.a) nd
Muhamma(dS .A.W.a} s haves ent peaceu pon
lbrahim tA.S.) praiseworthayn d
glorioug:"
!!ilEh ffirik 'alE Mul'alE 6li Multam-madin
~'Allah humma barik 'ala Mul}ammadin wa 'ala ali Mu/;Jam­madin
kamd bitakta 'ali lbrhheema 'alE Eli lbrEheema
hamedum maied."
kama blJtakta 'alll Ibraheema wa 'aliJ ali Ibraheema
innaka I}ameedum majeed. "
"Oh, Allah, bless Muhammad (S.A.W.) and the family of Mlihammad
(S.A.W.) as you have blessed Ibrahim (A.S.) and his family. Truly
you are praiseworthy and glorious."
OU'A OF AZAN
"0h, Alah,b les Muhamma(dS .A.Wa.)n dt hef amilyo f Muhammad
S.A.W.a) s hare blesseldb rahim( A.S.)a ndh is T ruly
youa rep raiseworthayn dg lorious."
DU'AO FA 2AN
H,':.L33),:il,i-*{6r-tff:tr{+L:7iur:t

26. 't|*.-*3,tA'"r;3'2,i#;'rlJi?,'ttv'ei3iyi
o'nJJUb$ty
"AllEh humma rabba
Hathi hid da'wa tit
tdm mati was sald
tit Oi imati hii
Mufiammada ni I waseelata
wal Fa{eelata 'ath-hu
maqimam mahmhda nil
lazee wa ad tahfi."
"0h Allah! L ord completper ayeor f oun. blesing
Allah Hazhi da~wa tit
tam sala
til Qa iJii
Muhammada nil waf Far;Jeelata wab ~ath-hu
maqamam mahmuda taiee tahu."
Gh Lord of this complete prayer of ours. By the blessing
of it, Muhammad (S.A.W.) his eternal rights of intercession,
distinction and highest class (in paradise). And raise him to the
promised rank you have promised him.
give Muhamma(dS .A.W.h) is eternarl ightso f intercesion,
distinctiona nd highesct lass( in paradiseA).n d raiseh im t0 promiserda nky ouh avep romisehdi m.
Jabir( R.A.)r eporteAd llah'sM esenge(rS .A.W.a)s s ayin$" lf
Jabir (R.A.) reported Alla~'s Messenger (S.A.W.) as saying, "If
anyones aysw henh e hearsth e .
'0 perfect
anyone says when he hears the Aian , '0 God, Lord of this call and of the prayer which is established for all time, grant Muham­Imad
calla ndo f thep rayewr hichi s establishfeodr allt ime,g ranMt uham'
rmad( S.A.W.t)h e nde xcellencayn, dr aiseh imu p praise-worthy
(S.A.W.) the Wasila and excellency, and raise him up in a praise­worthy
position which you have promised', he will be assured of
positionw hichy ou havep romisedh',e h asuredo f
(Bukhari)
my intercession."
IOAMAT
lqamaits thes econdc allt o prayear ndi su tteredim mediateblye fore
beginninogf obligatoryp rayero fferedw ith congregtion.
TEXT OF o'@N 54';i
i,ltl ly:,iYt'J'rIal
c,,atrCr i: 'r;:Ltt Sag
cAY.aJStt, s r,; *:e,:t& e
6'-qIr.tr l*ii3 i'e!&tl5't3ii
i. :rlr * y:r{'1.,'i$f i;{'i3 %i
Akbar
greatest
Akhar
Allahi st heg reate$t
Bukhari)
IQAMAT
Iqamat is the second call to prayer and is uttered immediately before
the beginning of the obligatory prayer offered with congregation.
IOAMAT
Allahu Allah is the Allahu Akbar
Allah is the greatest
26

27. Ashhadu an ld il6ha illal l6h
beawr itnest hatt hereis n od eityb utA lah.
Arh hadu anna Mufiammadar nsfrlul lEh
beawr itnest hat Muhamma(Sd .A.Wh.} them $sengporf Allah.
Hayya 'alaq ldh
Gomteo prayer
Hayya hlal faldh
Cometo yourg ood
Qad qmatiS galEh
Jaml'atirsc ady
Qad qlmatiq sal6h
Jamt'aits reaCy
Alldhu Akbar
Allahis t heG natest
All1hu Akbar
greatest
LE ildha illal lEh
Thereis n od eityb utA llah.
Thist ext lqamatis samec mentioneidn the hadith
Abdullabhi n Zaidb in Rabbihwi ttow c thef int to haYe
av isiona boutA zan.
27
en Ii ilaha il/alliJh
I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah.
Ash Muhammadar rasulullah
I bear witness that Mu'hammad (S.A.W.) is the messenger of /:Iayya 'alaf $Blah
Come to /:Iayya 'alaI fa/a/}
Come to your good
Dad QiJmatis salah
Jaml'atis ready'
Dad qamatis salah
Jam. 'at is rea~y .
Allihu Allah is the Greatest
AI/shu Allah is the La ilaha illallah
There is no deity but Allah.
This text of Iqamat is the same ~ that mentioned in of Abdullah bin Zaid bin Abd Rabbihi who W~ the. first have
a vision about Azan .
.-==========.-

28. Chopter 4
Chapter4
CONDUCT OF Ot' SALAT (PRAYER)
SUTRA
Beforea persons taru t0 pray shouldp laces omethinga
Before a person starts to he should place something 8
shortd istancien front of placew hereh e prmtratc (doe
Sajdah)S. uc,ha n objecti s calledS UTRAa ndi su sedw hent hep emon
is prayinga lone.personp asingi nfronto f penoni n shouldp asso n theo utsideo f thes utra.
short distance in him of the place where he prostrates does
Sajdah). Such an object is called SUTRA and is used when the person
praying alone. A person passing infront of the person in prayer,
should pass on the outside of the sutra.
If someol'le is praying in congregation, then the imam acts as
sutra. The however, must have his own individual sutra
lf someoneis prayingi n congregatiotnh,e nt he imama c8 as
the T he imam, h oweverm, usth aveh is individuasl utra
inf ronot f 0 f EtAH
infront of him.
QIBlAH
Wherevear personis in h e shouldf acet owardsth e
Wherever a pernon is the world, he shoul d face towards the
Ka'bahw henh e goingto pray. T heK a'bahis i n thesacremd osgue
Ka 'bah when he is going to The Ka'bah is in the sacred mosque
of Makkah Makkahin in Saudi SaudAi Arabi. rabi.Facing F acingto towards wards0 Qiblah iblah( (Ka'bah) Ka'bahi)is s a very
important importantc condition onditiono of f performance performancoef of prayer. However, H oweveri,if f the
person personis is in a place places such ucha as sa a desert, desertju, jungle, ngleu, unknown nknowns strange trangcei city
ty
or a place placew where hereh he e does doesn not ot know knowt the he direction diiectiono of f the Qiblah, Oiblahh, he
e
should try best to find out the direction of Qiblah from others.
However, if is not possible then he should use his judgment and
face in direction which he thinks is that of Qiblah and Allah will
accept his prayer.
shouldtr y his bestt o thed irectioonf Oiblahfr omo then.
Howeverif, it possiblteh enh e shouldu seh isj udgmenat nd
facei n a directionw hichh e thinksi s thato f Oiblaha ndA llahw ill
accepht isp rayer.
It ft is important importantto to start startt the he prayerfa prayer facing cingth the e direction directiono of f Qibtah
0iblah
it doesn ot matteri f d;rectionc hangewsh ileh e gi.n shipa, train0 r ana eroplaneetc .
N0TE: Nowadayas ,c ompasi s availablweh ichg ivesth e and does not matter if his o;rection changes while he is praying
e.g. in a ship, a train or an aeroplane etc.
NaTE: Nowadays, a compass is available which gives the direction
of Qiblah. In strange places and aeroplanes it is useful instrument
to possess.
INTENTION
0iblah.I n strangep lacesa nda eroplaneits i s a usefuiln strument
poses.
IilTEttlT|ON
After facinqt fac.ing the he 0iblaht Qiblah the he persons person should houldm make aken niyat iyat( (inten­tion).
inten-t
ion) ,T The hei intention ntent ioins is madew made within i thinh his ism mind, ind,s so 0 thep the person ersosnh should
ould
thinka think about bout the hep particular ar t iculaorb obligatory, l igator0yp, optional t ionalo or r naf natl lp prayer rayehr he eI in­ten
n-tertdst0
perform. H e shouldn ot wordso f niyata loud,
ds to He should not utter the words of niyat aloud,
ast as this hisi is sn not ota authentic. uthent0icr or approvebdy approved by theP the Prophet rophe( (S.tS A..A.W.W. L
) .
28

29. TATBIRT AHRIMAH
makingn iyatt he penons houlds tarth is prayesr aying
AllEhua kbar"( Allahis theg reatesrta) isinbgo tho f hish andtso
the shouldsrws,i th tretchintgo earlobeHs.e s hould
thenf dd hish andos verh isc hesrti ghth ando verth el efth andT. his
first AlliihuA kbar"i s calledT akbirT ahrimabhe causaeft ers aying
TakbirT ahrimaehv eryc ommoann dw orldlya ctiont,a lko r move-mentis
f orbiddenT. hroughotuhte p rayetrh eeyestohfe w onhipper
shoulpdo intt o thes powt hereth ef orehearde stisn SHOUTD HAI{DS FOTDED Af{O SAYITG TAHRIIIAH?
Somep eoplep lacet heir handsu ndert he o thersp lace
themu odert he chesbt ut therea reh adithsw hichs tatet hat Muhamma(dS .A.Wu.)e d placeh ish andso verh isc hest.
al HalbA laee( R.A.)r epofted":l sawt heP rophe(tS .A.W.p)f acing
hisr ighth ando verh isl efth ando verh isc hesti'( Ahmadrlirrrnizi).
bl Wlll Hair( R.A.)s aid:" l prayedw ith PropheMt uhammad
(S.A.W.a) nd righth ando verh is hando verh is
cho$t.("l bn KhuzaimaAh,b uD awld,M uslim).
Therea res omeo thern arrationwsh ichs tatet hats omeF uqha
usedto placeth eirh an& underth ec hesbt ut aboveth en avel.
Flacingth e handsin eithero f thesep ositioniss c orrecbt ut isb etter
placet hem overt he chesta ccordintg0 practiceo f Muhamma(dS .A.W.a) s mentioneidn abovea uthentihca diths.
RECITATIOBTE{ FORFEA TIHAH
severadl u'ts ProphetM uhammad(S .A.W
usedto reciteb eforeF atihahW. ew ill mentiont wo 'ij tJ;( (;- 3V& 1# i',#i+r:. iliri,,,
73 3Ui" L:41'L#)i o --Ft5 rt4)t
.* jr=:ag46' o#.1r-"+ ",iit 5rll'H
r{cs,Vo, iili +L sf ,? ? + 6a
"Alleh humma be'id banee wa bayna khat|yEya KamE
E'adta baynal mashrigi wal maghribi, Allih humma naq'
2g
TAKBIR TAHRIMAH
After making nivat the person should start his prayer saying
"AII'Ihu akbar" (Allah is the greatest) raising both of his hands to
th~ shoulders, with fingers stretching to the earlobes. He should
then fold his hands over his chest right hand over the left hand. This
tim "Anihu Akbar" is called Takbir Tahrimah because after saying
Takbir Tahrimah every common and worldly action, talk or move­ment
is forbidden. Throughout the prayer theeyesof the worshipper
should point to the spot where the forehead rests in Sajdah.
WHERE SHOULD THE HANDS BE FOLDED AND PLACED
AFTER SAYING TAKBIR TAHRIMAH?
Some people place their hands under the navel, others place
them uDder the chest but there are hadiths which state that Prophet
Muhammad (S.A.W.) used to place his hands over his chest.
a) Halb A!aee (R.A.) reported: "1 saw the Prophet (S.A.W.) placing
his right hand over his left hand over his chest:' (Ahmad"Tirtnizi).
b) Wi'il b. Hajr (R.A.) said: "I prayed with Prophet Muhammad
S.A.W.) and he put his right hand over his left hand over his
chest." (Ibn Khuzaimah, Abu Oawtid, Muslim).
There are some other narrations which state that some Fuqha
used to place their hands under the chest but above the navel.
"Placing the hands in either of these positions is correct but it is better
to place them over the chest according to the practice of Prophet
Muhammad (S.A.W.) as mentioned in the above authentic hadiths.
RECITATION BEFORE fATIHAH
There are several du'as which Prophet Muhammad {S.A.W,
used to recite before Fatihah. We will mention two of them.
Allah ba'id barnee khat5yaya Kama
/ii'adta mashriqi maqhribi, Allah humma naq-
29

30. kha6yEya Ram'a yunag-qath thawnul a,by$!
qinee min khafiJyaya kama yunaq·thawIJul abyaqu
minad danasi, Allih hum maghsilnee Khatayaya maee wath thaJji wal bardi." and dan*i, AtEh maghsilnie min KhatEyEya bil
mEee thalii (Bukhari Muslim).
"0 Allah set me apart from my sins as East and West are apan
each other.
oAllah, cleanse me from my sins as a white garment is deansed
m apart
from 0 Allah,c leansme e sinsa sa whiteg armenits u leansed
from o dirt after aftert thorough horoughw washi CIhing.
ng. Allah, wash me off from my sins with water, snow and hail."
0 u nshm e sinsw ith s nowa ndh ail."
lf penon doesn ot du'd iust mentionedth en If a person does not know the duli just mentioned then he
shouldr ecitet he followingo ne. (R.A.) reportedt o hatre
usedth isd u'aa- fters ayingT akbirT ahrimah.
3 .i+Ut iS'#-.. I !,rVj'.t )iL|j;,fr)it;r irg,,r ,
should recite the following one. Umar AJ is reported to have
used this du'i after saying Takbir Tahrimah.
~ -" ",,, /'/ " ~~~~~~, ~J.;Z-' :!J~j~t Zi~ ,..,
eaSi;al,i;
SubfrEna KaltEh fiamdika watabhra
kasmuka wata'ald iad-duka wali ildha ghamtk.
"Gfory all praisssa ro uflto yoor
andb lesseids yourn amea ndh ighi sy ourm aie$ya ndn onei sr wnlry
wonhip youJ'
personc an readb oth du6 s,t ogethero r just oneo f tftemo r
py otherd u'6sw hich area pprovedb y PropheMt uhammad
(S.A.W.),andrthearree a bout7 . Thesed u'& canb ef bundi n differertt
placeso f sevenl Bookso f e .g.M ulim, M usnad.r
!I.* AhmadA, bu.D awid, qulniN, isai,l bn lb n llibban,
Muattalm amM alik).
All du'f,sc an tqether beforer ecitfutgsu rah
Fatihah.
recitationi s Du'#ul-lstiftawh hich meansD uE of
0 ui-ul lstift ahshouldo nly recitedi n TA,A}WYUi
Thent hep ersown hoi sp rayinsgh oulds ay:-
t;,:;rrp,i*lr 4;'(;*i
biLEhi minah Shaygd nir-raipm."
l seekA llahtp rotectiofnro ms atanw hoi sa ccursed."
Thiss houldo nlyb es aidin thef irstr akat.
TASMIA}I
Thenth ep enonw hoi sp raytnsgh oulds ay:
30
.. ~tJ: ":_ --. c~AJt'J'
.. ,;4'
" Subpana Kallah humma wabi f)amdika wataliiJra
kasmuka wata 'ala jad-duka wallJ illJha gh;wruk.
Glory be to you, 0 Allah, and alt praises are due unto you·,
and blessed is your name and high is your majesty and none is won'v
of worship but you:'
A persol'1 can read both du'ls, together or one of them or
any of the other du'as which are approved by Prophet Muhammad
A.W.),and,there are about 7. These du'as tan be found in different
places of several Books of Hadith, e.g. Muslim, Tirmizi, Musnad-.
Imam Ahmad, Abu Dawiid, Dar-qutni, Nisai, Ibn Majah, Ibn Hibban,
Muana Imam Malik). •
All of the 7 du'as can be read together before rettting surah
This recitation is called Dua:ul-Istiftah which means Du'i of
starting. Du/a-ullstif tah should only be retited in the first rakat.
TA'Awwui
Then the person who is praying should say;·
(~~8,~k/'~~f
,,; - _" ",.. ,.,; v
" A'uiu bi/./ahi minash Shayta rai-eem. "
"1 seek Allah's protection from satan who is accursed."
This should only be said in the first rakat.
TASMIAM
Then the person who is praying should say:

31. , .,...:?~,. I ..... ::J, A~.' ' :.)~ _ L.~ -...' A-~
o+ij}$rj1 PF,
_ ~ ~~- .... ~J.-
"Bism Bismfllah il lEh hi hir-r'nhmd rabma n nir-ir-rahnm. raheem. "
"ln In the the nameo name of f Allah,Allah, t the he mmt most kinda kind and ndt the hem most ostm merciful:'
ercifuli'
Thiss This should houldb be es said aidin in weryr FNery rakat akabt before eforere reciting citinrgu surah rahF Fatihah.
atihah.
SURAHFA TIHAH
Thenth ep ercopnr ayinsgh ouldre citeiu rahF atihah.
;Du i:-*il Id 4l 6 ;# 6 rP i. ;u
5+:^ J6 '.'i;{" !Vyi'*4i AVL3" t i-;irtV ;
l] e .=1ie# i( g rt,u r= e*idrig;;ott
- *t"l' S dJ,btiirydJb-';ih"F
"Alltamdu | il-Ehi hi l'6lameen.
rafrma- ralrem.
Mefiki yawmid - den.
lyydka I hdl nag sirital mustagmm.
$iragal Laieena an'amta 'alayhim.
maghQubi -
hlaVhim walay' ddl-leen. A,mffin."
Praisies unlyf or L ord
Univene.
Them asteor f theD ayo f Youa lonew ew orshiapn dt o youa lone
un Showu st hes traighwt ay,
thew ayo f thosew homy ouh aveb lessed.
Whoh aven ot deserveydo ura nger,
astray."
RecitingF atihahis s oi mportantth atP ropheMt uhamma(dS .AW.)
said thit prayerw G acceptablwe iqhoutt he recitationo f
Fatihah.
a) Ubadahb in Samit (R.A) reportedA ll:th'sM esseng(eSr .A.W.)
ass aying:'T herei s no prayera cceptabwleit h_ourte citing$ ol,
Fatihah.;{'B ukharMi uslim,A hmadA, bu Dalfrd,T irmizi,N hai,
lbn Maiah).
b) Abu Hu rairah(n .A.)r eportetdh att heM essengoef Ar llah( S.A.W.)
wass ayingth at anyonew ho prayeda nyk ind of prayear ndd id
31
SURAH FATIHAH
A/hamdu li/-/ahi rab-bil 'a/ameen.
Ar rahma nir-raheem.
Maliki : deen.
Iyyaka na'budu wa
iyyaka nasta'een.
Ihdlna~ siratal mustaqeem.
Sira(al Lazeena an 'amta 'alayhim.
Ghayril magh{1ubi _
'alayhim walap gal-Ieen. Ameen. "
"Praise is only for Allah, Lord
of the Universe.
The most kind, the most merciful.
The master of the Day of Judgment.
You alone we worship and to you alone
we pray for help.
Show us the straight way,
the way of those whom you have blessed.
Who have not deserved your anger,
Nor gone astray:'
Reciting Fatihah is so important that Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)
said that no prayer was acceptable wi1thout the recitation of
Fatihah.
a) Ubadah bin Samit (R.A.) reported Allah's Messenger (S.A.W.)
as saying: "There is no prayer acceptable without reciting Surah
Fatihah." (Bukhari Muslim, Ahmad, Abu Oawud, Tirmizi, Nisai,
Ibn Majah).
b) Abu Hurairah (R.A.) reported thatthe Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.)
was saying that anyone who prayed any kind of prayer and did
31

32. not nad in thatrUmmulO uranp nd in one versionF atihah.tul.
Kitsb hir prayrrw ill bod eficientw, ill bed eficienrw, ill bed eficient,
andn ot complete(.B ukhrri,M rrlim Ahmad).
not read in that,Ummul (luranl.and in one version Fatihah·tul·
Kitab his prayer will be deficient, will be deficient, will be deficient,
and not complete. (Bukhari, Muslim Ahmad).
cl Abu Hurrirah (R.A.l reportedA llah's Messenge(Sr .AW.} as
c) Abu Hurairah (R.A.) reported Allah's Messenger (S.A.W.) as
rrying: "[Io praysrw ifl benefita personw ho did not readi n
ftrt rurdr Fatihah."( lhn Khuzaimahl,b n Hibban.A hmad).
saying: "No prayer will benefit a pe~an who did not read in
that .nlh Fatihah." (Ibn Khuzaimah. Ibn Hibban. Ahmad).
In the ligrt of the aboveh adithsw e undentandth at surah
In the Ii-.t of the above hadiths we understand that Surah
Fatihdr murt be rscited or read in every rakat of any type of prayer.
BECITATIOOil FS URAHF ATIHAHB EHIITIADf{ IMAM.
$ome.p gopl.og E.ysly confusedw hethert hey shouldo r should
not rsad surah Fatiharwr hire prayingi n congiegrion.B ui ih;;;
drouldn ot b0 any confusionin 'thii niatter-i ir,Jiorro",ingt illi;
vry clmdy.a nsnrertsh e question.
al Ubadahb in $amit.(R.A.s) aid:' 1Alew ereb ehindth e Prophet
Fatihah must be recited or read in every rakat of any type of prayer.
RECITATION OF SURAH fATIHAH BEHIND AN IMAM.
Some people are very confused whet~er they should or should
not l'Iad Surah Fatihah while praying in congregation. But there
should not be confusion in this matter as the following hadith
very clearty answers the Question.
8) Ubadah bin ~amit (R.A.) said: 'We were behind the Prophet
((S.s.A.A.W.) w.)in i n the Fajr Fair prayer, praver,and a nd he recited reciteda a passage passagfero from m'the
the
auran, Ouranb, but ut the recitation recitationb became ecamed difficult ifficurtf for or'him.'him. Then Thenw when
hen
he finished he hc said, ''Do Do you recite behind your Imam?' lmam?'We
we
replied, replie.{,.''yes, yE^,Messenger (S.A.t lgfengglo of f Allah Attah( (S.S.A.A.W.)'. W.)'Then T. h'enth the e Messenger
Messenger
of Allah (S.A.W.) W.said: s) aid: ''Do Do not recite recitea anything nything( (behind behindt the
-he
Imam) lmam) except Fatihah-tul·tul-Kitab Kita((Surah bsu rah Fatihah) raiitratrjb because ecauseh he
e
who does doesn not ot include includei it t in his recitation recitationin in prayer prayerh his is prayer
isn otv alid."' (AbuD awEdT,i rmizi).
is not valid.' " (Abu Dawiid. Tirmizi).
bl Abu Huraira(hR .A.)r eportetdh stt heM esengeorf Allah
b) Hurairah (R.A.) reported that the Messenger of Allah
((S.s.A.A.W.) w.)said: s aid:" "If lf anyone anyoneo observes bsewepsr prayer aye((~rs alat) alatiln in which whichh he ed does
oes
not read ummul 0ur5n{ FatihahLiits deiicienti,t is deficient,
it 'Whats is deficient, deficienta,and n dn not ot complete." complete.l"It t wass was said aidt to o Abu Abu Hurairahi Hurairah:
'What should houldw we e do whenw when we e are behinda behind an n lmam?,,Imam?" He, He(,(Abu
A bu
Hurai Hurairah) rah((lR R.A.) .A. )r replied, epl ied," "Read Readi it t ins in silence....... i rence. . " . .(.(Muslim).
M. .u" sl im) .
AMEEIU:
Ummul Quran (Fatihah), it is deficient, it is deficient,
It is sunnahio *y Ameenw hena personfi nishes-recitation
of SurahF atihahl.f prayinga loneh es houlds ay" in
silencaen di f hg prayinwg ith congregatiboenh inda n lmamt hen
he shoulds ay Ameenfa irlyl oudlyw hent he lmamf inishessa ying
the lastv erseo f SurahF atihahw. hen sayingE meent he voiceo T
thew trolec ongregatisohno uldr esounadt thes ameti mu.
Therea rem anyh adithsw hichp rovet hat sayingA meena roud
isS unnaohf theH olyP rophe(tS .A.w.a)n di t wasi heiegulaprr actice
of the companionsw.e mentiona theseh adithsh ere.
Naeema l Mujammasra id:" l prayedb ehindA buH uraira(hn .He recitedB ismilfdhhi r-ra[man ir-raheemth,e nh e recitedsu rah
Fatihahrandw hen he reachedw alad{ alleen,h e saidrAmeen
af teri t andt he peopleb ehindh im saidA meen. . . , .(.d"u khar i ) .
b) AbuH uraira{hR .A.)r eportetdh att heM essengoel rA llah
(s.A.w.)s aid:' when the lmams aysG hayriiMaghd0'abria yhim
32
AMEEN:
sunnah to say Ameen when a person finishes_recitation
Surah Fatihah. If he is praying alone he should say "Ameen" in
silence and if h~ is praying with congregation behind an Imam then
should say Ameen fairly loudly when the Imam finishes saying
last verse of Surah Fatihah. When saying Ameen the voice of
the whole congregation should resound at the same timlt
There are many hadiths which prove that saying Ameen aloud
is Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) and it was the regular practice
companions. We will mention a few of these hadiths here.
a) Naeem al Mujammar said: "I prayed behind Abu Hurairah (R.A.)
recited Bismillah hir-rahma nir-raheem, then hE recited surah
Fatihah, and when he reached wala·p c)a.!.:lee-n, he said, Ameen
after it and the people behind him said Ameen...... " (Bukhari).
b) Abu Hurairah (R.A.) reported that the Messenger of Allah
(S.A.W.) said: 'When the Imam says Ghayril MaghQubi 'alayhim
32

33. wala{dal-leenroafll y ous houlds ay,A meenb, ecuasthee A ngels
gty Ameena nd fm ams aysA meen.A nd whosoevesra ys
Ameena nd voiceb lendsw ith angelhse bef orgivehni ss ins."( AhmadA, buD awld,N isail.
Aisha( R.A.) reportedth at Mesengeor f (S.A.W.)
said:" Jewsa rer 'noree nviouso f Muslimsin thinp la) greetinsgo meonwe ith Assalam'aul aykuman d( b) sayingA meen
(aloudb)e hindth el mami '( Ahmadlb, nM ajah) .
walaQ.. ~al-Ieen} all of you should sa~, Ameen, becuase the Angels
~y Ameen and the Imam says Ameen. And whosoever says
Ameen and his voice blends with that of the angels he would
be forgiven his sins." (Ahmad, Abu Dawud, Nisai).
c) Aisha (R.A.) reported that the Messenger of Allah S.A.W.)
said: "Jews are more envious of Muslims in two things ~) our
greeting someone with Assalamu 'alaykum and (b) saying Ameen
aloud) behind the Imam:' (Ahmad, Ibn Majah).
dl Atas aid:" l found2 00o f thec ompanionpsra yinign them osque
d) Ata said: "I found 200 of the companions praying in the mosque
theP rophe(tS .A.W.a)n dw hent he lmam_sawida ladd al-!een,
I heardth ee choo f theirv oicerse sounwdi thA meen".
of the Prophet (S.A.W.) and when the Imam_said wala~ ~al·leen,
heard the echo of their voices resound with Ameen".
BECITATIOANF TERS URAHF ATIHAH
RECITATION AFTER SURAH FATIHAH
sunnahfo r personw ho prayingth at shouldr ead
It is sunnah for a person who is praying that he should read
a surah from Quran after Fatihah in the first two rakats of the fard
prayer. He r.an rer.ite one or more surahs. Here are a few short Surahs
whic.h you can recite.
surahf rom 0ur5na fterF atihahin thef irstt wo rakatso f thef ard
prayerH. ec anr eciteo neo r m0res urahsH.e rea rea fews hortS urahs
whichy ouc anr ecite.
a) Surahlk hlar
#)'.FJt$g--a
itX'rtd-; !'*Fa"";Zt I'4:,ti5 A n63'd3
8'rratfj-rL,jiq;s3
"Oul huwal ldhu ahad.
Allah huq-qamad.
Lam yalid walam yhlad.
Walam yakul-lahl Kufuwan ahad."
"Say: H ei sA llah,t heo nlyo ne.
Allahh elpsa ndd oesn otn eedh elp.
Hed oesn otp roducae c hi lda, ndH e
Wasn otb orno f Thereis n oo nee quatlo Him. "
b) SurahF alaq.
c#itt*;S;IF9'.:"',
7 A)6'5';u:+31 d Ft P. k'5.iri Jrb
L*ii ih.lJ' J ;-G u3 F i5 d Astil v4v
h'-,gti:*'<ii-'
33
Surah Ikhlas
NQul tahu hus-samad. .
va/iff yu/ad.
Wa/am yaku/-/ahu a,!ad. "
He is Allah, the only one.
Allah helps and does not need help.
He does not produce a child, and He
Was not born of anyone.
There is no one equal to Him."
Surah FalaQ.

34. ilul Qui AlAIubi Au}ubi rab-bil bil falaq.
fs/aq.
Min shar-rimd rima Khalag.
KhaJaq.
Vrlam Wa min in shar-ri ghisiqin gh*iqin iia waqab.
Wa min shar-rin naf-nat-fdthdti famati fil '#uqad.
uqad.
Wa min shar-ri ri hxidin hasidin lia /za Hasao
Hasaa
"HSay: Say:I seekre seek refuge fugein in the Lordo Lord of f thed the dawn,
awn,
from the wil evil of all that He has ereated,
treated,
andf and from romt the hee evil vilo of f thed the darkness arknesosf of nightw night when heni it t falls,
and from the evil of those (charmers) who blow into And from the evil of the envier when he envies."
wil those( charmerws)h o knots.
Andf romt hee vilo f thee nviewr henh ee nvies."
cl Surrh ilar.
oA-{;tfY 3}orr+'
d -rfu rd) d .4Lr*F d *t.' :?'?,'5i;
'r)3
I , t : , , 2 e t ) ' - t t , ! t . t ( t , ( t . l r y r - : t ( r ' / t t ^ or.;'uli2t.v4 uiy- Gr^ll o --yt-=l Lvr"$V4
t qEJr;'93At(a
Ail A'uiuhi n&.
Malikin n*. lld hin-n*.
shar-ril waswd sil khan-n-a-
'nAitAta ii Yuwaswisuf x gudE rin+,fu-iii'nati
wan+t*.'
'Say:seekr e{ugien theg ustaineorf theO wneor f MankindL,o rdo f Mankind.
Fromt hew il thes neakinwgh isperer.
Whow trispenin theh earBo f Whethehre b e)f roma mongii nnso r mankind."
BUKU _ BOWITIG
praying saY "Alldhu Akbar" raising
both handst o shouldelre velw ith the palmsf acingo utward
andf ingerss tretchintgo eadobesH. e shouldt henb endi n rukus o
that (i.e.f rom headt o hif) perpendicultaor the rest
handss houldr esto n his kneesw ith the finpn
spnad do not his body. The
psron slrouldh calma ndc omposeidn the ruku posturea ndn ot
Thenh e shouldr ead:'tubhanara b-biy al azeem"a t lmst
$rse times.
o-p*---$li A;g[fi*-j* I rr
34
c) Surlh Nls.
Qui A'uzubi rab-bin nas.
Malikifl nis. IIi hin-nas.
Min shar-ril waswa sil nas.
AI/ari yuwaswisu fee fudu rin-nas.
Minai jin-nati wan-nas.
''Say: I seek refuge in the sustainer of mankind.
the Owner of Mankind, Lord of From the evil of the sneaking whisperer.
Who whispers in the hearts of mankind.
(Whether he be) from among jinns or RUKU - BOWING
Then the person should say Allahu both his hands to shoulder level with palms facing outwar~
and fingers stretching to eartobes. He should then bend in ruku so
that his trunk i.e. from head to hips) is perpendicular to of the body. His hands should rest on knees with fingers
spread apart, taking care that his arms touch person should be calm and composed in posture and not
hurry it Then he should read :"Subhana rab-bi yal azeem" at least
three times. .
o~
34

35. Thism eans:
's
the very grmtmt:'
This means:
Gloryb et o Lordw ho
"Glory be to my lord who is greatest~'
Hec He tan anr read eadit it (3, 3,5 5, ,7 7, ,9 9, , 1l 11 etc.)ett.) ti times.
mes.
There are sgme some other du'& du'ls which Gan can be road read with subfEna
subbina
rab·bi yal a~eem or instead of sub~ina rab-bi yalll~m. TWD of them
are mentioned below:-
Other Du'as in rab.byi al a3eemor imteado f subfrinraa bbiy alr ;rm. Twoo f thsm
arem entionebde low:-
0therD u'isin Ruku:
Aisha( Aisha (R.A.) A.) reportodth reported that at the melsengporf messenger of Allah ((S.S.A.AW-)
W.)
mmtlyr mostly read eadth the ef follo~ollonrindgu ng du'a 'i in hisr his ruku ukua and ndn sajdah.
idah.
rtt (tf4tj~)i, " J?+ifrh oj~~l,4JJ'f*2J~;8,-'vl J~'~~ -41 tl.L.l "" n;r ..",
t; a t,") r
.. ,/.; "Subl)Sublpflna ana Kalld Kalla humma rab-bana banE wabifuamdika
wabi(1amdika
AlEh AllAh hum maghfirln." maghfirlee. " (fBukhari, 0ukhari, Musliml.
Muslim);
This means:
"Glory be to you, oh our lord, and aU be to you. 0h Allah, forgive me:'
Ali (R.A.) reported that the Messenger of Allah used to "Glory Lord, all praise
bet o 0 h f orgivem ei'
Ali A.) reportedt hat Messengeorf Aflah usedt o read
the fonowing Du'a in Rttku:
thef ollowingD u'ai n Ruku:
$Q,l i :-)j 5 3;J, f .b?5 &;3s +a Ld"N v,
V h.,za-; *Lz;',#s e',gs 6F;=--e-f
r.tir t 1 ,,{ *r ro
-,ziJLlri _;j hr!,xL o;,-ii{U, I
"AlEh humma Raka'tu,
ffiika Ennntu,
vnlaka alunru,
trta rab-bT Rhahi'a Allah laka Raka'tu
wabika amantu, ,
walaka aslamtu,
~ta bT khashi'a sam'ee
Wab~ wa mukh-mukh-khee kt E wa ''azmee
azme
wa 'qafu ~abee wa vn masta mista qal gal - lat tat
.
bihe qada mav-ya Ehi.
rabSil Elameen!'
(Ahmad, Mtslim, Abu Dawfid etc.)
"0h! borwdt o believedin you andl rub
bihee may-va lil-Iahi.
rab-bil 'alameen."
(Ahmad, Muslim, Abu Dawiid etc.)
Ohl my Lord, I bowed to you and I believed in and I sub­mitted
to you. You are' my lord. My ear, my sight, my brain, my
mitud t0 are Lord. mr, sight brrin, bones, my ten dons and whatever has been carried by my feet is sub­mitted
m y tendoma nd whateverh r beenc arriedb y fnt b rub'
for the lord of the worlds:'
There are other du'as which Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) .-.d in
mitted Lord worl&l'
Therea reo therd u'& whichP ropheMt uhamme(dS .AW.}r nd Ruku and they can be found in other Books of Hadith.
Perfection of Ruku and Saidah.
Rukua ndt heyc anb ef urnd otherB ookso f Perfectioonl Rukua ndS aidah.
Mrud al (R.A) rrported ilrrt Meseqrrr Al*t
Abi Masud a' Badri R.A.) reported thlt the Messenger of Allah
(S.A.W.) said:
{S.AW.}s aid:
35

36. "Allah doesn ot consldetrh e prayero f a man who doesn ot
straightehni s backw henb owingf or Rukua ndp erforminSg aidahj'
( lbnK huzaimalhb,n H ibbanT,a brani ) .
Abi 0atEdah( R.A.l reportedt hat the Messengeorf Allah
(S.AW.s) aid: 'The n0rstt hiefi so new hos teals in his prayer.,'
Thent he companionass ked",H 0w cans omeonset eafrr omh is
prayer?"
Prophe(tS .A.W) .a nsnered.
"Hed oesn ncompleteh isR uxua nds ajdahw ithp erfectiona."l
he said,
"He doesn ot makeh is backs rraighitn Rukua nd Sajdah.,'
(AhmadT,a branlib, nK huzaimaHha, kim) .
Theseh adithsp rovet hat Ruku and saidahs houldb e done
cafmfys, lowlya nd perfectlyo, therwrssea lato f penonw ill deficient.
OAUWI , I(ASHT Ai lOI t {GAF TERB UKU}
After the perfect Ruku person headfr om Rukus aying:-
6;FdiJ"ol,'*'-
"Samih llehh u limanh amidai,
"verily.A llahl istents0 onew hop raisehsi m."a nd* raiseh ish an&
up to the levelo f his shoulderwsi th palmsf acingo utwardas nd
f ingens tretchedto the earlobeasn dt henh e shouldlo wer hish ands
to his sides. I n the standingp ositionh e shouldb e erects o jointso f his bodyg o hacki n placew. hilei n thisp ositionh es hould
reciteo ne 0r all of the followingd u'is iN manyt imesa s *some peopteg etv ery
his handsw hileg oingi nro
liftingh ish eadfr omh uku.
annoyedw hent heys ees omeonrea ising
Rukua nda gainr aisingh ish andsw hili
Therea re,h owevera,u thentich adithsw hichp rovet hatr rrophet
Muhammad(s -A.w.)u sedt 0 raiseh is handsa i beginninogf
prayerb, eforea nda fterR ukua ndw hens tandinugp foithe ihird
rakat.^ Fuglvl lngfq Book of Hadithl ike Bukhari,f iluslim,M uatti
lmamM alik,A bu_Dawr.Tridr,m izi,N isair,b nM ajahl,b n Khuzaimah,
Hakim,A hmad,S hafaeeT,a brani,B aitraqel tc.e tr. mentionsth ese
hadithsN. earlyf our hundredc ompanionasls on arrateth isp ractice
of PropheMt uhamma{ds .A.w.}.s0t,h ereis not thes lightesdio ubt
that the raisingo f handsis sunnata nd a personw ho fractisesth is
sunnatg etsa greaterre wardt hant he personw ho doesn ot practise
it. Howevere,v ent hought he actioni s mentioneidn the hadiths,
all the ulamaas greeth at the prayero f a penonw ho doesn ot raise
36
r COnt tnued
on page 37)
"Allah does not consIder the prayer of a man who does not
straighten his back when bowing for Ruku and performing Sajdah:'
(Ibn Khuzaimah, Ibn Hibban, Tabrani).
Abi Gatadah (R.A.) reported that the Messenger of Allah
(S.A.WJ said:
''The WOBt thief is one who steals in his prayer."
Then the companions asked, "How can someone steal from his
prayer?"
Prophet (S.A.W.) ansmred,
"He does nOlcomplete his RUKU and Sajdah with perfection." Or
he said,
"He does not make his balk straight in Ruku and Sajdah."
(Ahmad, Tabrani, Ibn Khuzaimah, Hakim).
These hadiths prove that RlJku and Sa;dah should be done
calmly, slowty and perfer.tly, otherwIse sa/at of the person will be
QAWMAH (STANDING AFTER RUKU)
the praying should raise his
head from Ruku saying:-
"Sami 'allAh hu liman ~amida:'
"Verily Allah listens toone who praises him." and * raise ~is hands
level of shauldeB with palms facing outwards and
fingeB stretched to earlobes and then he should lower his hands
In standing position he should be erect so that the
joints of body go hack in place. While in this position he should
recite one or following du'as as many times as he likes.
*Some people get very annoyed when they see someone raising
hands while going into Ruku and again raising his hands while
lifting his head from kuku.
There are, however, authentic hadiths which prove that ?rophet
Muhammad (S.A.W.) used to raise his hands at the beginning of
prayer, before and after Ruku and when standing up for the third
rakat. Every single Book of Hadith like Bukhari, Muslim, Mual~a
Imam Malik, Abu Dawud, Tirmizi, Nisai, Ibn Majah, Ibn Khuzaimah,
Hakim, Ahmad, Shafaee, Tabrani, Baihaqi etc. etc. mentions these
hadiths. Nearly four hundred comDanions also narrate this practice
of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.). So, there ;s not the slightest doubt
that the raising of hands is sunnat and a person who practises this
sunnat gets a greater reward than the person who does not practise
it. However, even though the action is mentioned in the hadiths,
all the ulamas agree that the prayer of a person who does not raise
36
,continued
on page 37)

37. ou'Ast ltlo AwtttAH
a) Rab'bahla kahl amdl' 6'i;;+,'tsu*.5
DU'AS IN QAWMAH
a) "Rab-bana lakal ~amd:'
"0h, 0ur a llt hep raisebse t o youl'
"Gh, our Lord, all the praises be to you;'
b) "Rab-bana lakal hamd,hamdan
b) Rab'banlia kal lamd,l;ramdan
Katheeran ~ayviban niubaraka.n fee:'
Katheeratna yyibanm ubarakafne ei'
o 9Q:1ts&^Wfi#r'-t^3 ii.;Jltt 6
0h ourL ord,a llP raisebse t o You,
Verym any,p urea ndb lesedp raisebse t o y9u.''
cl Ali'S.'r*o'if (rtuuitt in.n.t sayst hat whent he mesengeor f
Allah( S.A.W.u)e d "Sami'a ll5hh u limanh amidah" ew ouldf ollowi t * S;*,"i+i =.5U-;.rr 1Y^,i;.3tq ui: #ti
J6rg ( ,;.ZV i|*t Jii-i-ii hiJ;aJ-n4u
| ; ii,L-{t W €;9 }^i -'"rJi U urt ;',.glj r
t -
- .^-t )-, ..i,J2' & #- I a , r ,4 i Lg l rit ;! t t fi J- iJ W'J,a)
1ird1,.drrr)
"Alldh bani llamdu smEwEti arQi shi'ta than1e maidiahag-gu mE qdlal
'abdu WaK ullu-naL aka'abd, AlEh lE m1ni'a limi a'tpyta wal6 mu'Sya yanfa'u Zal iad-di iad!'
(Muslim, Daw0d)
"0h o ur praisesb e mucha st hey tan
heavenasn d eartha nde verythinwg hichy ou aftert hat. deservteo praiseda ndglorifiedY. ou moret han servanth ass aida nd arey our slavc.
Nobodyc anp rwentw hateveyr ou givea nd nobodyc ang ive
whateveyr ou umntt 0 preventa nd penonw ith rankc annot
aginst handsi s acceptableT.h ereforeM, uslimss houldn ot l f someoned oesn ot raiseh is handsh e (continuatinot4 d. iscouragoet hersf rom doings o becausiet majorc on-from
p4e 36) $sysrtial ,If' ,. "- .I ., ", ,~ ~
» • ~;~~,~,~~~~-,
O~~' ..
"Gh OlJ( Lord, all praises be to you,
Very many, pure and blessed praises be to you."
t) Abi Sa'eed al Khudree (R.A.) says that when the messenger of
Allah (S.A.W.) used to say:-
Sami 'allah hu liman hamida" he would follow it with:-
Allah humma rab-bana lakal l;1amdu mil as
samawati wa mil al ardi wa mil ama
shi'ta min shayin ba'du: ah lath
thanaee wal majdiahaq-quma qalal
'abdu Wa Kullu-na Laka /abd, Allah humma
16 mani'a lima a'tayta wala mu'tya lima
mana'ta wala tal jad-di minkal jad:'
Ahmad, Abu Dawud)
Gh Allah, our Lord, all praises be to you, as much as they tan
fill the heavens and the earth and everything which you want to be
filled after that. You deserve to be praised and glorified. You deserve
more than what your servant has said and all of us are your slaves.
Nobody can prevent whatever you want to give and nobody can Rive
whatever you want to prevent and a person with high rank cannot
benefit himself or another from his high rank against your will."
his hands is acceptable. Therefore) Muslims should not fight over
this issue. If someone does not wish to raise his hands he should
(continuation not discourage others from doing so because it is not a major con­from
page 36) trovertia' point.
37

38. There are some du'is read the 0awmah
There are some other du'as which can be in Qawmah
potitiona ndt hecec anb e foundi n otherB ookso f Hadith.
position and these can be found in other Books of FIRSTS AJDAH(P ROSTBATTIIO.
FIRST SAJDAH (PROSTRATION).
After the perfect perfectq qawmah awmahth the e person personp praying rayings should houldm move
we
to performni dahs aying:'
perform sajdah saying:-
Allihu Akbar," putting palms downwards on the ground below
ears. The knees should be brought downwards on the fingers and toes should be pointing towards Qiblah without
"AllihuA kbar,"p uttingp almsd ownwardosn t heg rounbde low
the ean.T he kneess houldb e broughdt ownrvardosn ground.
His fingena nd toess houldb e pointingto rvard0si blahw ithout
spreadintgh e fingerso f the han&.D uringp rostratiosne venp arts
oft heb odys houltdo uchth eg round:
(i) thef oreheaadl ongw ith thet ip 0f then ose.
(iil (iiil (ivl bottoms urfaceo f toeso f bothf eet.
spreadinp the fingers of hands. During prostration seven parts
of the body should touch the ground:
(j) the forehead along with the tip of the nose.
ii) both hands
(iii) both knees
iv) the bottom surface of the toes of both feet.
thisp ositionh es houlds ay:-
In this position he should say:-
.~;:.-~ l, -;'i ,,/,....... , .I
~-~ '-='.-J~~'J .,
.}t?tOi6t+p,,,
Subl76na yal a'16"
"Subl)ana Rabbi a'la"
He should say this at least 3 times or 0r 5, 7, 9, 11 I I
times.
"Oh 0h Allah, glory g loryb be et to o you, the t hem most osth high."
igh."
There are some $ome other du'is du'ft which can be read in
position.
OTHER OTHEBD DU'AS U'ASI IN II SAJDAH
i) Ali A.) said that the Messenger of Allah (S.A.W-l used to say
etc. tirnes.
the sajdah
(R.A.)s aidt hat Mesengeorf Allah( S.A.W.u) sedto whiled oings aidah:-
3-;J irl,i:It;i :>t-ii +5 LirA-![ -g.ilt,
"
-rfi_l
t . z ) / / - - / L - . . / t z t t / r ( r 1 7 i - : , . 1 i - . r . , i , . - , / A-rs-,F: oJFo *;+u r)y4, a-}li -9 gj"_
(f l-. 1,. .1g.r-GI jJ A'.*t!:U:X;e; ;
Allehh ummala kas ajadtuw,a bikaE mantu,
rmlaka clamtu .
saiada ranjhiya Littaiikhalaqahl
Waspw-v rarahffia af.rsangau warah-u,
Fashaqa- sam 'ahfr wab aqara h-u
fatab-arkaa l-l6hua l.rsankuhl -aiql een".
(AhmadM, uslim).
38
while doing sajdah:-
, / -"" -' ~ /~/"''/" /1 ..... /-' ' ...... ..... ;,/ :./
~~- ~~--,~l~.-'~I~.."'~~cr,
"/ ... "';. (..... ".
, ,,,- - " /" , """, ,. , ". ., /'" (." - #"" .::- ,,,,,::,,. ' •• ", ,,.... ~~~ 6.J~ ~lj &.J~~~I.S~/~~
(~)~~~~""'-'.,.:j~'2Jj~~-'
"Allah humma laka sajadtu, wabika amantu,
walaka aslamtu ,
sajada wajhiya LillaZikhalaqahii
Wasaw-warahii fa ahsana suwarahu,
FaShaq-qa sam'ahu waba~rahu
fatabara kal-Iahu a~sanul khill iqeen".
Ahmad, Muslim).

39. ""0h 0~ Allah, f for or you I havep have prostrated, rostrateda,and n d in you I havefa have faith,
ith,
and unto you I haves have submitted, ubmittedm, my y foreheadh forehead has asp prostrated rostrateidn
in
front of onew one who ho createdit created it andg and gave aves shape hapeto to it and madei made it
t
perfeutlyT. perfectly. Then henh he e gavep gave power owero of f hmringa hearing and nds sight ighta and ndb blessed
lesed
isA is Allah's llah'5n name afilsw who hoi is st the hep perfect erfecct treator."
reator."
ai) ii) AbuH Abu Hurairah uraira(hR (R.A.) .n.)s said aidt that hat the Mesengeorf Messenger of Allah( Allah (S.A.A.W.)
W.}
used to say in his saidah:-
usedto sayi n hiss aidah:-
;" ;;" ~ "," -' , /;.,,,
( t ' . . . t / ( / t ' . / t ( i
~~~:~~~&~~~'-:;~-"~~~;+;~~~'(¥')
, r . 4
l ' ' / | / t L t
4,yi;'{2.r} dj !'rL-}'d.3 >'"Y + ; J, V !.ffn "' I
.-' ,/.,.
(1t-a)
(~)-,.~
""h3 "Allehh umm aghfirleZea nbeek ul-lahDdi q-qahi,
waj il-lahfw aa w-walahw-au
'~Allah hum maghfirlee Zanbee wa jil-Iahu wa aw·walahu wa -akhirahu, akhirahf,
kul-Iahjj diq-qahu,
wa
''alii aldn niy-iy-yatahu yatahw-wa ua s sir-ir-rahu. rahf""
i.
{(Muslim, Musl imA,Abu b uD Oawud, awDdH,Hakim).
a kim) .
"Oh 0h Allah, Allahf,forgive o rgivea all llo of f my mys sins, insm, minor
inor
ones onesa and ndm major ajoro ones,
nes,
Ones 0nesI I committed committepdr previously eviousalyn and
d
Ones 0nesI I commit commiitn in the thef future.
uture.
Ones OnesI I commit c ommiot openly
penly
And Ando ones nesI I commit commist secretly."
ecretly."
There are some other du 'as whith the Messenger of S.A.W.) used to say in his Sajdah but these du'as are too long to
mention here. They tan be found in authentic Books of HaeJith like
Muslim, Ahmad, Nisai Abu DawTId etc. It is not surprising that
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.WJ stayed in R.uku and Sajdah for intervals.
du'E'sw hich Mesengeor f Allah
(S.A.W.u) sedt o sayi n Saidahb ut thesed u'is aret 00 longt o
menti0nh ere.T heyc anb ef oundi n authentiBc ookso f Hadithli ke
A hmad, Dawdde tr,.l t surprislntgh at
PropheMt uhamma(dS .A.W.s)t ayedin Rukua ndS aidahfo r long
thea uthenticalalyp proveddu 'dsc anb es aidw iths ub[Ena
All of the authentically approved du'as tan be said with sub~ana
Rabbi yal a'ia or on their own or altogether according to the time
available and capacity of the person.
Rabbyi al a'ld0 r 0n theiro wn altogethearc cordintgo thet ime
availabalen dc apacitoyf thep erson.
Saldahp ositionth e wonhipperis closestto Allah.
In Sajdah position the worshipper is at his closest to HenceS, ajdashh ouldb e performecda lmlya, ndq uietly, without
HenLe, Sajdah should be performed calmly, and quietly, figgeting, and the worshipper should try to read as many du'as as he
possibly can.
JAlSAH {SITTING BETWEEN TWO SAJDAH)
anthde worshippeshr ouldtr y t0 reada sm anyd u'asa sh e
posiblyc an.
JALSAH{ SITTINGB ETWEETI'WI OS AJDAH)
-------
performinogn e sajdahp erfectlya nd calmlyt,h e perr,on
After performing one sajdah perfectly and r.almly, the person
prayings houldr aiseh is headf rom saidahs aying",A llaJtua kbar",
bendingth e f oot ands ittingo n while'keepinthge rightf oot
proppedu p in toesp ointingto wardsth e 0iblah,t he palms
praying should raise his head from sajdah saying, "Allahu akbar",
bending the left foot and sitting on it while 'keeping the right foot
propped up with its toes pointing towards the Qiblah, the of his hands should rest on his thighs and knees. the back should
be straight so that the joints go bac.k in place. It is sunnat to say
the following du 'a while sitting in between the two sajdahs.
handss houldr esto n thighsa ndk neest.h e backs hould
straighst o iointsg o backi n placel.t 0 thef ollowindgu 'aw hiles ittingin betweetnh et wos aidahr.
39

40. *:liiry'vlr?.lrr-r';€tt3e,rP;N
6'c>J;:ti'ciiLtj
"AlEhh umm aghfirlervea rfrmnewea hdinee
m 'f,fineew arzuqnewsa jburnewea rf a'nos"
(Abu Dawild).
"0h Allah, f orgivem e,a ndh avem ercy0 nm 0,
andk eepm eo nt her ightp ath,
andk eepm eh ealthy,
andp rovidme ew ithhalaslo urcco f living
andc ompletme ys hortcoming,
andm akem yr ankh idr."
Thew onhippecra ns ayt hisd u'i' onco0 r G manyt imr c Allah hum maghfirlee warlJamnee wahdinee
WI 'ifinee warzuqnee wajburnee war fa'nee"
(Abu DawOd).
Oh forgive me, and have mercy on me,
and keep me on the right path,
and keep me healthy,
and provide me withhalal sources of living,
and complete my shortcomings,
and make my rank high."
The worshipper can say this du'i once or _ many times _ he
likes.
SECOTSIOA JDAH
Thent he persosnh ouldp erformth es econsda jdasha ying",. Allahu
a ndn peatw trath ed idi n thef int sqideh.
JAI$AH- E- ISTAFAHA(TS ITTIITFGO NR ESTI.
Thenh e shouldr aiseh ish eadu p saying'A llEhuAkbarrn" d for a shortw hilec hed id in ialsahH. ed ooEfr h befons tandinugp
for thes econrda kat.
SECOTRDA KAT
Afters tandinugp for thes econrda kath es houldfo ld hish ands
orcr his checta sh e did in the first rakata nds tarth b recitationb v
readin"gB ismill6h..........Saunrda hF atihahfo llorrmbdy anyp ffige
or a chapteor f theH oly0 uran."T henh es houldc omplethei sr scond
rakatin them anneor f thef int one.
Whilec hominga passagoer a chaptefro r rocitationin scond or a subsequanrat katt he worshippesrh oufdo bservteh e
orderi n whicht hey mcur in Holy OurEnA.l $0,e ochS uraho r
wne shouldb es hortetrh ant he oner ecitedb eforeit . Hencelo, nger
surahasr er cited befores hortesr urahs.
TASHAHUD
Afterc ompletintgh el rots ajdaohf thes econrda katt,h ep enon
shouldn iseh ish eads rying:" All6trAkbar"H. es houlds it ash es at
betryreothne two sajdahp, uttingh is left hando n hls kneea nd
righthan&nh isr igrt kneeT. heJisot f ther ighth andis c fosesdx cept
for ths indexf inpr whichi s protrudedlt. protrudesdo t hatt he
40
SECOND SAJDAH
Then the person should perform the second sajdah saying, ".Allahu
Akbar" and repeat what he did in the first siUdah. .
JALSAH - ISTARAHAT (SITTING FOR REST).
Then he should raise his head up saying .All1hu Akbar" and sit
short while as he did jalsah. He does this before standing up
the second rakat.
SECOND RAKAT
After standing up the second rakat he should fold his hands
over chest as he rakat and start his recitation bv
reading "Bismillih and Surah Fatihah followed by any passagl
chapter of the Holy Ouran." Then he should complete his second
rakat in the manner of the first While choosing a passage or chapter for the recitation in the
second subsequent rakat the worshipper should observe the
order in which they occur the Ourin. Also, each Surah or
verse should be shorter than the one recited before it. Hence, longer
surahs are recited before shorter surahs.
After completing the last sajdah of the second rakat, t~e person
should raise his head saying: "Allah-Akbar". He should sit as he sat
between the sajdah, putting his hand on his left knee and
right handon his riltlt knee. The fist of the right hand is closed except
the index finger which is protruded. It is protruded so that the