- European settlement of North America began in the 17th century, with Virginia being the first successful English colony founded in 1607 by the Virginia Company. Jamestown served as the first permanent English settlement.
- The New England colonies were founded for religious reasons in the 1620s-1630s by Puritans and Pilgrims seeking freedom of worship. They established representative governments and had tensions with Native Americans.
- The middle colonies developed with the Dutch founding New Amsterdam in the 1600s before being taken over by the English. Pennsylvania provided religious freedom which attracted Quakers. The French founded Quebec in 1608 to exploit resources in Canada.
19. Religious Tensions: Banished from Massachusetts : founded settlements in Rhode Island Anne Hutchinson Roger Williams Because she spoke out against the clergy threatening their power and authority. Because he supported ideas of separation of church & state.
20. New Englanders encounter Native Americans Conflicts over Land Pequot War King Philip’s War 1637: Pequot nation battled Connecticut colonists & their Narragansett allies. 1675-76: New England colonists & Native American groups allied under leadership of the Wampanoag chief, Metacom.
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24. The Halfway Covenant was a form of partial church membership created by New England Puritans in 1662 . It was promoted in particular by the Reverend Solomon Stoddard , who felt that the people of the English colonies were drifting away from their original religious purpose. First-generation settlers were beginning to die out, while their children and grandchildren often expressed less religious piety , and more desire for material wealth.
25. Overall, religious piety began to decrease and secular values began to become more prevalent in colonial society. Response to the Halfway Covenant may have sown the seeds for the First Great Awakening in the 1730s, launched by Stoddard's grandson Jonathan Edwards . Along with Calvinist George Whitefield , he preached that God is "in the now", and there must be a "urgent call for lanquid will", in response to the half will that the Halfway Covenant allows.
![SSUSH1: The student will describe European settlement in North America during the 17 th century. ,[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)