A detailed description to the cyber crimes mentioned under the Information Technology Act, 2000.

1. Cyber Crimes: The biggest
threat in the digital age.
Presented by:
Atul S. Jaybhaye
Assistant Professor (Law)
Hidayatullah National Law University, Raipur
B.A.LL.M.NET

2. What is Cyber Law?
 A law which relates to computer, Internet and cyberspace
related issues.
 It is also called as Information Technology Law/Internet Law.
 Cyber Law In India – The Information Technology Act, 2000.
 Cyberspace has no any geographic boundaries.

3. Need for Cyber Law:
 Prevention of cyber crimes.
 To recognize Electronic and Digital signature.
 To promote E-commerce and E-governance.
 To protect Intellectual Property in cyberspace.
 Data protection and privacy.

4. What is cyber crime?
 Cyber crime is a crime where computer is used as a target
or tool to commit a crime.
 Cyber crime is a crime where ‘computer resource’ is
involved.
 Difference between cyber crimes and traditional crimes.
 Difference between cyber crimes and cyber torts.

5. Categories of cyber crimes:
Person
Property
Government

6. Phishing:
 Phishing:
Phishing is a method of trying to gather personal
information using deceptive e-mails and websites.
 Vishing:
When you receive fake calls over mobile phone, landline
to gain access to your confidential information. (Jamtara
scam)
 Smishing:
Just like phishing, smishing uses cell phone text messages
to lure consumers in.

7. ATM Skimming fraud:
ATM skimming is a theft of card
information, where a small device,
known as a skimmer, is used to steal
the information during a
legitimate ATM transaction.

8. Hacking:
 Unauthorized access to computer system with the
intention of stealing information, causing damage,
wrongful loss to individual/entity/govt.
 Punishable under Sec. 66 of IT Act, i.e. Computer related
offences.
 Difference between ethical and unethical hacking.
 Types of Hackers- white hat, black hat hackers.

9. Violation of privacy:
 Whoever, intentionally or knowingly,
 captures,
 publishes or transmits,
 the image of a private area of any person without his or
her consent, under circumstances violating the privacy of
that person,
 Commits offence under Sec. 66-E of IT Act.

10. Cyber stalking:
“ Any man who:-
I. follows a woman and contacts, or attempts to contact
such woman to foster personal interaction repeatedly
despite a clear indication of disinterest by such woman;
or
II. monitors the use by a woman of the internet, email or
any other form of electronic communication commits the
offence of stalking”
 Punishable under Sec. 354-D of IPC,1860.

11. Cyber defamation:
 The term ‘Cyber Defamation’ basically means publishing of
false statement about an individual in cyberspace that can
injure or harm the reputation of that individual.
 Punishable under section 500 of IPC, 1860.
 Initially, cyber defamation, hate speech was punishable under
Sec. 66-A of IT Act, 2000.
 However, Sec.66-A has been struck down now.

12. Child pornography:
Acts prohibited under Sec. 67- B of the IT Act:
 Depicting children in sexually explicit act/conduct,
 Publishing or transmitting,
 browsing or downloading ,
 Inducing children to online relationship, or
 Facilitates abusing children online.

13. Identity theft:
 Whoever, fraudulently or dishonestly make use of the
electronic signature, password or any other unique
identification feature of any other person, commits the
offence of Identity theft.
 Punishable under Sec. 66-C of IT Act, 2000.

14. Other cyber crimes at a glance:
 Spamming.
 Denial of Service attack (DOS).
 Tampering with computer source documents.
 Dishonestly receiving stolen computer
resource/communication device.
 Cyber terrorism.
 Obscenity.
 Cheating by personation.
 Computer vandalism etc.

15. Investigation of a cyber crime:
 Investigation to be conducted by a police officer not below the rank of
Inspector. (Sec.78 IT Act, 2000.)
 Admissibility of E-records/ Digital evidence in a court of law. Sec. 65-B
Indian Evidence Act,1872.
 Digital Evidence in cyber crimes: CPU, Computer/lap top, Mobile
phone, CCTV footage, scanner, color printer, Hard disk, CD, DVD,
Modem, pen drive or any other e-record and communication device.
 Role of Cyber cell, CERT and Cyber Forensic Experts.
 Challenges involved: Issues of jurisdiction in cyberspace, Lack of
skilled investigators in cyber crimes, production of digital evidence in
court etc.

16. Do’s and don'ts:
 Never handover your ATM card for swapping to others. Do
it yourself.
 Use 2 step verification method to sign in e-mails.
 Skimmers are usually used for ATM card frauds. Before
inserting ATM card check machine minutely.
 Be cautious at hotels, petrol pumps while making online
transactions.
 Report all cyber crimes on cybercrime.gov.in
 Always browse through https sites and not http.

17. Do’s and don'ts:
 Always reach to banking sites through address bar and not from
Google.
 Keep changing your passwords frequently. Don't set password as your
name, date of birth, mobile number, vehicle number.
 Don't use public Wi-Fi.
 Don't share your mobile number, e-mails unnecessarily at shops,
hotels.
 Inform bank within 24 hours if card is not used by you.
 Do the test transaction at ATM machine in case money is withdrawn
from your account by other person. Purpose is to prove your
presence at relevant time in that city/country. Even if you block
card, do the test transaction to get back your money.

18. Be Alert..Be Safe..
Thank you…