The document provides an overview of the Oracle Exadata database machine. It describes the Exadata X7-2 and X7-8 hardware configurations including processors, memory, storage, and networking capabilities. It also summarizes the smart database-aware software features of Exadata, such as SQL offloading, smart flash caching, and hybrid columnar compression. These hardware and software optimizations provide best performance, availability, and security for Oracle databases.

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Oracle Exadata
Technical Overview
Stephane Duprat – stephane.duprat@oracle.com
Principal Sales Consultant – Core & Big Data
25/10/2018

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Safe Harbor Statement
The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for
information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a
commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon
in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or
functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle.
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Chaos, Lack of Accountability, Operational Inefficiencies
Enterprise IT … with Time
How do I
manage
this?
Where’s
the
problem?
How much is this
costing me?

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Exadata Database Machine
Performance, Availability and Security
Best Platform for Oracle Databases
on-premises and in the Cloud
Enabled by:
• Single-vendor accountability
• Exclusive focus on databases
• Deep hardware and software integration
• Revolutionary approach to storage
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Exadata Database Machine X7-2
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State-of-the-Art Hardware
120 TB disk capacity (10 TB helium disks)
25.6 TB PCI NVMe Flash
20 cores for SQL offload
51.2 TB PCI NVMe Flash
20 cores for SQL offload
40 Gb/s InfiniBand internal network
25/10/1 GigE external network
2 socket Xeon processors
48 cores per server
384 GB - 1.5 TB DRAM
• Scale-Out Database Servers
• Fastest Internal Fabric
• Scale-Out Intelligent Storage
High-Capacity Storage Server
Extreme Flash Storage Server

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X7-2 Hardware Compared to X6-2
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Twice the Flash, 25% More Disk, Faster Ethernet, Faster Processors, More Memory
Compute X7-2 X6-2 Improvement
Cores per CPU/server/FR* 24 / 48 / 384 22 / 44 / 352 20% - 40% faster CPUs
DRAM per server/FR* 384 GB / 3 TB 256 GB / 2 TB 50% more memory
Max DRAM per server/FR* 1.5 TB / 12 TB 1.5 TB / 12 TB
Network X7-2 X6-2 Improvement
Internal (InfiniBand) 40 Gb/s 40 Gb/s
External (Ethernet) 25 GigE 10 GigE 150% faster Ethernet
Storage X7-2 X6-2 Improvement
All-Flash per server/FR* 51.2 TB / 720 TB 25.6 / 360 TB 100% more all-Flash capacity
Flash Cache per server/FR* 25.6 / 358.4 TB 12.8 / 180 TB 100% more Flash Cache
Disk capacity per server/FR* 120 TB / 1,680 TB 96 TB / 1,344 TB 25% more disk capacity
SQL offload cores per svr/FR* 20 /280 20 / 280
* Full rack (FR) configuration has 8 database servers and 14 storage servers

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• Scale-Out Database Servers
• Fastest Internal Fabric
• Scale-Out Intelligent Storage
High-Capacity Storage Server
Extreme Flash Storage Server
Exadata Database Machine X7-2
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Smart, Database-Aware Software
Compute Software
– Oracle Linux 6
– Oracle Database Enterprise Edition
– Oracle VM (optional)
– Oracle Database options
Storage Server Software
– Smart Scan (SQL offload)
– Smart Flash Cache
– Hybrid Columnar Compression
– IO Resource Management

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Exadata Database Machine X7-8
8
Large SMP Processor Model
– Big data warehouses
– Massive database consolidation
– In-Memory databases
Oracle Confidential – Internal
120 TB disk capacity (10 TB helium disks)
25.6 TB PCI NVMe Flash
20 cores for SQL offload
51.2 TB PCI NVMe Flash
20 cores for SQL offload
40 Gb/s InfiniBand
25/10/1 GigE external connectivity
• Scale-Out Database Servers
– 8-socket x86
processors
– 192 cores
– 3-6 TB DRAM
• Fastest Internal Fabric
• Scale-Out Intelligent Storage
High-Capacity Storage Server
Extreme Flash Storage Server
Same Networking, Storage and Software
as X7-2

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Exadata Hardware Generational Advances*
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V1
Sept 2008
Xeon E5430
“Harpertown”
V2
Sept 2009
Xeon E5540
“Nehalem”
X2
Sept 2010
Xeon X5670
“Westmere”
Sept 2012
Xeon E5-2690
“Sandy Bridge”
X3
Nov 2013
Xeon E5-2697v2
“Ivy Bridge”
X4
Dec 2014
Xeon E5-2699 v3
“Haswell”
X5
10 X
64 X
6 X
48 X
100 X
V1 – X7
Growth
Apr 2016
Xeon E5-2699 v4
“Broadwell”
X6
* Assumes full rack configuration of 8 database servers and 14 storage servers
Oct 2017
Xeon 8160
“Skylake”
X7

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Smart Analytics
• Move queries to storage, not storage to queries
• Automatically offload and parallelize queries
across all storage servers
• Extend In-Memory DB with flash
• Run In-Memory DB on standby
• 10x – 100x faster analytics
Smart Storage
• Hybrid Columnar Compression reduces space
usage by 10x
• Database-aware Flash Caching gives
speed of flash with capacity of disk
• Storage Indexes eliminate
unnecessary I/O
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Smart OLTP
• Special InfiniBand protocol enables 3x
faster OLTP messaging
• Ultra-fast DB-optimized flash logging
• Instant detection of node failure and
I/O issues
Smart Consolidation
• Critical DB messages jump to head of queue for
ultra-fast latency
• CPU, I/O, network resources prioritized
for end-to-end quality of service
• 4x more databases vs same hardware
without Exadata software
Exadata Unique Smart Database Software Highlights

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In-Memory OLTP in StorageIn-Memory Analytics in Storage
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Latest Exadata Smart Software Enhancements
In-Memory
Columnar
Scans
In-Flash
Columnar
ScansUp to 1.5 TB
DRAM per
Server
Up to 25.6 TB
Flash per
Server
Automatically converts
data to In-Memory
Columnar format and up
to 4x better performance
in Exadata Flash Cache
DRAM
Cache
(HOT)
Flash
Cache
Disks
Storage Server
Compute Server
DB
Blocks
DRAM Cache in storage
serves OLTP blocks 2.5x
faster than Flash Cache

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Exadata HW and SW Integration
Optimized HW platform, Intelligent Storage, Storage Indenxing
Optimiced HW Platform Intelligent Storage Storage index
Select * from Table where B<2 - Only first set of
rows can match
Exadata has smart storage cells which
among other things can reduce the
I/O that is sent from the storage
servers to the compute nodes,
thanks to the filtering of queries is
that is performed in the storage cells
.
Exadata is build on standard
market component s, designed to
provide an optimized solution to
offer; high performance without
bottlenecks and easily scalable
To speed up query filtering , Exadata
cells have an indexing feature that
allows to skip those pieces of
information that do not meet the filter
criteria .

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Exadata HW and SW Integration
Smart Flash Cache, Resource Manager, HCC
Smart Flash cache Resource Manager Hibrid Columnar Comprecsion
Exadata counts with the hybrid
columnar compression functionality
that allows it to obtain compression
ratios between x10 to x30 , drastically
reducing the I / O that is sent to the
compute layer.
To speed up the time of reading and
writing (commits ) the Exadata has a
large flash storage capacity (3.2 TB
per cell ) and also a " memory
hierarchy “ feature that places the
data in the best level base on its use
Ensure different databases are
allocated the correct relative
amount of resources (I/O
bandwidth, and Flash)

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Best Performance
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Breakthrough Database Performance
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*Exadata Rack with 10 DB servers and 12 Extreme Flash storage servers
Exadata X7
Full Rack*
Read 5.97 million IO/sec 350 GB/sec
Write 5.4 million IO/sec n/a
IO Latency 250 microseconds n/a
OLTP SCAN

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Best Availability
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Exadata Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
Blueprint for HA: Designed and Tested to Handle All Failure Scenarios
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Fastest RAC Instance and Node Failure Recovery | Fastest Backup - RMAN Offload to Storage
Deep ASM Mirroring Integration | Fastest Data Guard Redo Apply | Complete Failure Testing with Lowest Brownouts
Local standby for HA
Failover
Redo-based
change
replication with
data consistency
checking
Online patching,
reconfiguration,
expansion
LAN WAN
Servers, Disks,
Flash, Network,
Power
Active clusters,
Disk/flash mirroring
Within Exadata Within a Site
Remote standby for
Disaster Recovery
Across Sites
DATABASEIN-MEMORY
DATABASEIN-MEMORY
DATABASEIN-MEMORY
Redundant
Software
Redundant
Hardware
Redundant
Systems
Redundant
Databases
Redundant
Systems
Redundant
Databases

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Zero Data Loss
DR to the Cloud Use CaseZero Downtime
RACZero Data Loss
Backup to the
Cloud Use Case
Prod/Departmental
Business Critical
Dev, Test, Prod
Mission Critical
Backup and
Recovery
Bronze +
Zero Downtime
High Availability
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Silver +
Zero Data Loss
HA and DR
GOLD
BRONZE
SILVER
PLATINUM
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/availability/maa-reference-architectures-2244929.pdf
Zero Downtime
Golden Gate Cloud Svc.
Gold +
Zero Downtime
Maintenance / Migration
Local & Remote
Backups
Bronze +
Active/Active
Database Clustering
+ Backup & Recovery
Silver +
Remote Replication,
Zero Data Loss,
Reduced Downtime
Gold +
Advanced Capabilities for
Zero Application Outages and
Zero Data Loss
MAA Reference Architectures
Recovery Time and Recovery Point Objectives

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Unique Fault-Tolerant In-Memory Databases
• In-Memory databases can reduce
availability
– Server crash makes memory inaccessible
until after data is reloaded
• Oracle Database In-Memory uniquely
duplicates in-memory columns on
another server
– Similar to storage mirroring
• Downtime eliminated by
automatically switching to duplicate
after failure
Only Available on Engineered Systems
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