2. INTRODUCTION
•Arturo Soria y Mata (1844-1920) was an
internationally important Spanish urban
planner whose work remains highly
inspirational today.
•He is most well known for his concept of
the Linear City for application to Madrid and
elsewhere.
•He studied the civil engineer career, but he
didn't finish it.
3. FIRSTLY, WHAT IS AN
URBAN FORM?
Urban Form refers to the-
• physical layout and design of the
city
• spatial imprint of an urban
transport system
• adjacent physical infrastructures.
Jointly, they confer a level of spatial
arrangement to cities.
Urban form or city form
defined as‘
The spatial pattern of human
activities at a certain point in
time’.
5. NOW, WHAT IS LINEAR
CITY?
The linear city was an urban plan for an elongated urban formation. The city would
consist of a series of functionally specialized parallel sectors. Generally, the city
would run parallel to a river and be built so that the dominant wind would blow from
the residential areas to the industrial strip. The sectors of a linear city would be:
•a purely segregated zone for railway lines,
•a zone of production and communal enterprises, with related scientific, technical
and educational institutions,
•a green belt or buffer zone with major highway,
•a residential zone, including a band of social institutions,
•a band of residential buildings and a "children's band",
7. NOW, THE IDEA OF
LINEAR CITY
•Arturo Soria y Mata's idea of the Linear City
(1882) replaced the traditional idea of the city
as a centre and a periphery with the idea of
constructing linear sections of infrastructure -
roads, railways, gas, water, etc.- along an
optimal line and then attaching the other
components of the city along the length of this
line.
•As compared to the concentric diagrams of
Ebenezer Howard and other in the same
period, Soria's linear city creates the
infrastructure for a controlled process of
8. ABOUT THE CONCEPT
•The Linear City concept is a Conscious Form Of Urban Development with Housing
And Industry Growing Along The Highway Between existing cities and contained by
the continuous open space of the rural countryside.
•As the city expanded, additional sectors would be added to the end of each band,
so that the city would become ever longer, without growing wider.
•The linear city design was first developed by Arturo Soria y
Mata in Madrid, Spain during the 19th century.
9. ABOUT MADRID CITY
The linear city was a
proposal made by
Arturio
Soria at the end of the
19th century, to turn
Madrid into a more
human city , a city
which
was closer to nature.
10. ABOUT MADRID CITY
Arturo
Soria´s aim
was to solve
some of the
problems
that Madrid
had at that
time:
transport,
overpopulati
on and
sanitary
12. PROBLEM PREVAILING
• Naturistic theories: Arturo Soria wanted to integrate nature into the city.
Thus, he decided to plant several rows of trees along the street. The houses
would also have a garden and an orchard.
13. PROBLEM PREVAILING
Hygienist theories: Their objective was to improve the sanitary conditions of
the city. The proposals to achieve this were:
- to plant trees near the houses
- to build wider streets
- to build detached or semidetached houses so that the different families didn´t
live so close to each other.
15. THE PROPOSAL
The final project was a linear city surrounded by nature, and with a central area
for services.
16. NEW HOUSES
The new houses were bigger and had a garden. There was also a vegetable
garden or a space for working the land.
New houses Old houses
17. OBJECTIVES OF LINEAR
CITY
•To create less
populated suburbs
• To preserve
individualism
• To make nature part of
the city
•To solve the problems
of transport: Its main
objective was to make
the trips between the
18. OBJECTIVES OF LINEAR
CITY
Parcelling out around a linear centre line of the main street.
Streets had to be 200 metre long and 20 metre wide, and the centre line of the
street had to connect with the different blocks of houses , all of regular shapes
:squares, rectangles or trapeziums
The city should grow parallel to the main street.
20. SERVICES IN A NEW
CITY
It also had space for vegetable gardens and for groceries
21. SERVICES IN A NEW
CITY
And for leisure and for cultural and sport activities.
Casino
Sport facilities
A theatre
A school
22. THE PROJECT FAILS
AFTER DEATH OF SORIA
• After the death of Arturo Soria, city went through a period of economical crisis.
Due to this, the original idea was changed.
• As time passed, the price of the ground increased and building became very
expensive.
23. CITY TODAY
The demographic boom of
Madrid, the rise of prices and
the proximity of the linear city
to the city centre put an end to
the project.
Today the only remains of the
linear city are the central line of
the main street and some
middle-class houses.
24. ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES
Advantages
• High accessibility
• adaptability to linear growth
• useful along the limited edge.
Disadvantages
• Very sensitive to blockage
requires control of growth
• lacks focus,
• The choice of connection or of
direction of movement are much
less.
25. NAVI MUMBAI – INDIAN
LINEAR CITY
Navi Mumbai is a planned
township of Mumbai off the west coast
of the Indian state
of Maharashtra in Konkan division.
The city is divided into two parts, North
Navi Mumbai and South Navi Mumbai,
for the individual development of Panvel
Mega City,
Navi Mumbai has a population of
1,119,477[1] as per the 2011 provisional
26. NAVI MUMBAI – INDIAN
LINEAR CITY
The growth of Mumbai city is constrained by sea at south, east and west. As a
result total land area available for development of Mumbai is limited.
The cost of real estate and housing in Navi Mumbai is much less than costs in
Mumbai and sub-urban areas.
Many government and corporate offices have been shifted from Mumbai to Navi
Mumbai .
The Taloja and Thane Belapur Industrial Belt of Navi Mumbai offer job
opportunities of every conceivable kind - from engineers to mechanics to clerks
to peons.
As a result a large population of service class and middle class population
28. CONCLUSIONS –
APPRECIATIONS &
HONORING
Main street of Madrid holds his
name.
A statue of Soria is placed there.
Many more cities are being on
verge of planning on this concept
with better understandings of
various loopholes in it & carrying
positive points out of it.
