The paper explains how you can write an interpreter and get an optimizing just-in-time (JIT) compiler for free. This enables language designers to focus on features without worrying about the complexities of compiler optimizations and code generation. This paper presents a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) that allows the application to control the JIT compiler behavior at runtime. We'll discuss how various programming languages can take advantage of this framework. To intrigue compiler aficionados, the authors show how combining AST node rewriting during interpretation, optimization, and deoptimization produces high performance code from the interpreter without a language-specific compiler. In addition, they present how features of a variety of programming languages, such as JavaScript, Ruby, Python, R and others, map on the framework.

1. One
VM
to
Rule
Them
All
Aysylu
Greenberg
@aysylu22
h9p://aysy.lu
Papers
We
Love
NYC
#5
June
18th,
2014

2. About
Me
• Search
Infrastructure
at
• Spare
Qme,
+
art
+
archery
• Love
everything
related
to
compilers

4. Today
• Introduce
concepts:
– Interpreter,
Compiler
– Just-­‐in-­‐Qme
(JIT)
Compiler,
VM
• Truffle
+
Graal
• Node
specializaQon
#FTW
• Truffle
+
Graal
now

5. • Familiar
with
interpreter?
Compiler?
VM?
• Wrote
interpreter/compiler/VM?
• Read
the
paper?
• Played
with
Truffle/Graal?

6. Interpreter
vs.
Compiler
h9p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmQUB-­‐5cEgM

7. Example
AST

8. JIT
Compiler
Interpreter
+
Compiler

9. Virtual
Machine
Interprets
bytecode
for
processor
Targets
ANY
hardware
Easier
to
opQmize
bytecode

10. Truffle
+
Graal
• Truffle:
language
implementaQon
framework
• Graal
VM:
extension
to
HotSpot
VM
with
exposing
of
its
internals

11. Truffle
+
Graal
Interpreter
for
AST
-­‐>
JIT
Compiler
for
Free!

12. Node
SpecializaQon

13. Node
SpecializaQon

14. Languages
in
Truffle
+
Graal
• Javascript
• Ruby
• Python
• R
• J

15. All
the
Useful
Links
in
One
Place
• Graal
on
OpenJDK
h9p://openjdk.java.net/projects/graal/
• TruffleRuby
h9p://blog.jruby.org/2014/01/
truffle_graal_high_performance_backend/
• FastR
h9ps://bitbucket.org/allr/fastr
• ZipPy
h9ps://bitbucket.org/ssllab/zippy
• TruffleSOM
h9ps://github.com/smarr/TruffleSOM

16. Truffle
+
Graal
Now
• System
Modularity:
h9p://www.slideshare.net/
ThomasWuerthinger/2014-­‐0424-­‐graal-­‐
modularity
• All
things
Truffle
+
Graal:
h9p://graalvm.org
• Smalltalk
(SOM)
fastest
implementaQon:
h9p://som-­‐st.github.io/#performance
• Progress
on
R,
Python,
Ruby,
and
Smalltalk

17. Truffle
+
Graal
Now
• New
Truffle
features:
– on-­‐stack-­‐replacement
for
loops
– tail
calls
• GraalVM
binaries:
h9p://lafo.ssw.uni-­‐linz.ac.at/builds
– Also,
execute
Java
binaries
(faster
for
some
workloads)

18. And
now
for
Clojurians
…

19. From
Authors:
“We
are
very
interested
to
build
up
a
Clojure
implementa5on
on
top
of
Truffle.
We
believe
we
would
be
able
to
support
tail
calls.
We
would
be
happy
to
support
kick-­‐
start
any
kind
of
open
source
effort
on
Truffle/Clojure.”