Select a topic to research. For your research, you must use Google Scholar or another reputable site. Use Lecture 2 for a description of what is considered a scholarly article. Use APA formatting style for references. Create a title page and a reference list with 10 references from the last 5 years. Include the permalink for each reference. Include the following types of references: 1. Book 2. Journal articles 3. Website 4. Dissertation/thesis from a database 5. Streaming video 6. Book chapter Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is not required. This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. LECTURE 2 Introduction Learning to communicate appropriately and effectively in a variety of settings and in a variety of formats is an important skill in both academic and professional environments. In an online learning environment, learning to communicate effectively through writing is particularly important because it is, by far, how the majority of communication occurs. Review the learning objectives for this module within the course syllabus and use the following lecture, which is about various forms of written communication used in the online graduate setting, to accomplish them. Paraphrasing Paraphrasing the ideas of others is a requirement in academic writing and graduate study. Paraphrasing is using your own words to restate ideas or information from a source material. Paraphrasing will help you grasp the full meaning of the source material and allow you to appropriately reference the source material to support your own ideas and academic writing. Paraphrased material is usually shorter and more concise than the original information. The following are some common guidelines taken from the Purdue Online Writing Lab (2012), which may assist you with learning to paraphrase information gathered from reading materials for use in completing your coursework.             Reread the original passage until you understand its full meaning.             Set the original passage aside and, on a note card, write what you think the passage means in your own words (paraphrase).             Jot down a few words below your paraphrase to remind you later of how you plan to use the information. At the top of the note card, write a key word or phrase to indicate the subject of your paraphrase.             Compare your paraphrase with the original to make sure that your version accurately expresses all the essential information.             Use quotation marks to identify any unique term or phrase you copied exactly from the original source.             Record the source (including the page) on your note card so that you can cite it easily if you decide to incorporate the material into a paper or discussion question response. The following is an example of paraphrasing (Purdue OWL, 2012), which i.

1. Select a topic to research. For your research, you must use
Google Scholar or another reputable site. Use Lecture 2 for a
description of what is considered a scholarly article. Use APA
formatting style for references. Create a title page and a
reference list with 10 references from the last 5 years. Include
the permalink for each reference. Include the following types of
references:
1. Book
2. Journal articles
3. Website
4. Dissertation/thesis from a database
5. Streaming video
6. Book chapter
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the
APA Style Guide. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to
beginning the assignment to become familiar with the
expectations for successful completion.
LECTURE 2
Introduction
Learning to communicate appropriately and effectively in a
variety of settings and in a variety of formats is an important
skill in both academic and professional environments. In an
online learning environment, learning to communicate
effectively through writing is particularly important because it
is, by far, how the majority of communication occurs. Review
the learning objectives for this module within the course
syllabus and use the following lecture, which is about various
forms of written communication used in the online graduate
setting, to accomplish them.
Paraphrasing
Paraphrasing the ideas of others is a requirement in academic
writing and graduate study. Paraphrasing is using your own
words to restate ideas or information from a source material.

2. Paraphrasing will help you grasp the full meaning of the source
material and allow you to appropriately reference the source
material to support your own ideas and academic writing.
Paraphrased material is usually shorter and more concise than
the original information. The following are some common
guidelines taken from the Purdue Online Writing Lab (2012),
which may assist you with learning to paraphrase information
gathered from reading materials for use in completing your
coursework.
Reread the original passage until you understand its
full meaning.
Set the original passage aside and, on a note card,
write what you think the passage means in your own words
(paraphrase).
Jot down a few words below your paraphrase to
remind you later of how you plan to use the information. At the
top of the note card, write a key word or phrase to indicate the
subject of your paraphrase.
Compare your paraphrase with the original to make
sure that your version accurately expresses all the essential
information.
Use quotation marks to identify any unique term or
phrase you copied exactly from the original source.
Record the source (including the page) on your note
card so that you can cite it easily if you decide to incorporate
the material into a paper or discussion question response.
The following is an example of paraphrasing (Purdue OWL,
2012), which includes proper citation, per APA style, of the
original source material.
The original passage:
Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes and
as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper.
Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should
appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to
limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while
taking notes.

3. Lester, J.D. (1976). Writing Research Papers (2nd ed.). New
York, NY: Publishing Clearinghouse.
A legitimate paraphrase:
In research papers, students often quote excessively, failing to
keep quoted material down to a desirable level. Since the
problem usually originates during note-taking, it is essential to
minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester, 1976).
Lester, J.D. (1976). Writing Research Papers (2nd ed.). New
York, NY: Publishing Clearinghouse.
When reading course materials, it is important to make
connections between the meaning of the reading material, your
course learning objectives, your personal experience with the
topic, and the completion of course assignments. Below is an
example of a paraphrasing assignment that includes taking a
direct quote, writing it down in your own words, and making a
connection.
Quote From Required Module Reading
Meaning of Text
Module Learning Objective
Making a Connection
"Women are the mules of the world."
I think Hurston means that women do most of the work in the
world, but don't get the credit for it.
Discuss perceptions of male and female roles in society.
It makes me think of myself, working full time both at home
(cleaning, cooking, buying groceries, etc.) and this information
relates to my paper because my paper is about the role of
women and men today. This is one example of how women are
perceived in society.
(Alvermann, Phelps, & Ridgeway, 2007)
Summaries
This week you are required to complete a summary of an
academic article. You will use academic articles to increase
your knowledge and understanding of topics covered throughout

4. your program of study, as well as to support your articulation of
concepts learned. Following are some guidelines for writing an
effective summary:
Explanation: Explain what the article is about and
how it is relevant to the topic of study. Include all important
aspects of the article.
Clarity and completeness: Express your thoughts
about the article clearly and completely.
Impartiality and objectivity: Be neutral and objective
when summarizing theories, study results, and comparisons with
others' work. There is no place for opinion or emotion when
summarizing a journal article.
Order: Summarize the article in an order that
coincides with the structure of the article as written similar to
how the article is written. For example, if summarizing a
research study, you would not begin by discussing the results of
the study, but rather the research problem and research
questions.
Accuracy: Be sure to accurately articulate the
meaning of the article that the author intended to convey.
Simplicity: Do not use excessive jargon, flowery
language, or long words (e.g., utilization instead of use) for
their own sake; the ideas and concepts must stand on their own
without unnecessary enhancement.
Annotated Reference Lists
Throughout your courses, you may be required to complete
annotated reference lists (also known as annotated
bibliographies); in fact, next week you will be required to
complete an annotated reference list. An annotated reference list
or bibliography is one way to organize references or
information gained from various sources, most likely academic
or professional journals, in preparation for completing a writing
assignment. An annotated bibliography is essentially a list of
references you have found that are related to the topic of your
writing assignment and includes:
1. A brief summary of the source and its relevance to the

5. topic you will be writing about (annotated means "noted" or
"explained")
2. An APA citation of the reference
Outlines
An outline is a great way to help focus your writing when
beginning any writing process (summaries, essays, research
papers, etc.). Without an outline, you can easily veer off topic,
and end up with a rambling piece of writing that fails to meet
the assignment objective. For additional information on how to
write an effective outline, visit Purdue's Online Writing Lab by
clicking here.
Communicating in
Forums
Communicating effectively with your instructor and
peers in an online learning environment will ensure that your
learning experiences are valuable. The LoudCloud environment
offers the following five forums in which you may communicate
with others:
Main Forum
Individual Forum
Questions to Instructor Forum
Collaborative Learning Community Forums
Class Wall
The Main Forum is where discussion question responses are
posted, while the Individual Forum is reserved for personal
communication between you and your instructor only. The
Questions to Instructor Forum is where you may post questions
for the instructor in such cases as the answer may be beneficial
to all students. The Class Wall is an informal place where you
may communicate with both your instructor and classmates.
When communicating in any forum of the classroom, you are
expected to be respectful, professional, and to always use
language appropriate for the academic setting. However, there
are also specific expectations for communicating during
discussions in the Main Forum.
Discussions in the Main Forum

6. All students are encouraged to strive for high academic
performance. One way to do this is by posting quality responses
in all discussion forums (in-class discussions, online discussion
questions, and collaborative learning communities (). A quality
response is constructive, meaningful, respectful, concise,
distinctive, and timely. The following are guidelines used to
assess discussion forum responses:
Guidelines for Evaluating Students' Participation in Class
Discussions
Participation clearly demonstrates understandingof the subject
matter at an appropriate depth of analysis and evaluation.
Participation clearly demonstrates applicationof the subject
matter with appropriate examples from student's own
experiences or research.
Participation includes relevantmaterial and conveys more than a
general message.
Participation provides adequate support for assertions from
varying perspectives demonstrating the ability to analyze
philosophical differences.
Participation posts online are writtenclearly and for an audience
of peer professionals.
Participation posts online are writtenrespectfully and
withappropriate tone.
Students ask relevant questions related to the subject matter
illustrating utilization of Bloom's taxonomy.
Participation affirmsthe value of others' opinions.
Participation adds value beyond the assigned discussion
questions.
Online discussion and ground in-class discussions are similar in
nature. Someone asks a question, another gives an answer and
others contribute in new ways to the discussion by presenting
different views, opposite opinions, filling in gaps, or taking the
conversation in a related, but different, direction.
Attending class online requires your virtual presence, while
actually participating in class requires your intellectual
presence as well. Being engaged in the learning process is at a

7. higher level still, requiring also your emotional presence. This
means that you should always actively participate in discussions
by thinking critically about discussion questions and making
connections to your personal or professional experiences prior
to posting a response.
Discussion promotes independent thought and helps you
integrate the learning material with your prior knowledge of the
topic of discussion. You are expected to critically think about
ideas, debate issues, defend your perspective with facts, and
apply theoretical concepts in discussions. Your initial and
follow-up responses should integrate course theories with
practical application, offer a personal observation or
experience, or reference real-world examples, current events, or
further research you have done on the topic.
Quality discussion responses should demonstrate deeper or
broader thoughts about a topic rather than just rephrasing what
the textbook has to say on the topic, and encourage further
discussion and ongoing dialogue with other students in the
class. It is important to do more than repeat information that
others have given or simply agree with or acknowledge the
contributions of another.
Communicating in Teams
Collaborative learning involves assigning students to teams so
that they can learn to work together to achieve common goals.
Doing this successfully requires effective communication
regarding team roles and expectations, deadlines for
assignments, and agreement on how the assignment should be
completed. These collaborative projects will give you an
opportunity to work together with your team members to
determine the best solution to a problem or present a summary
of material for example. One goal of collaborative learning is
the accomplishment of joint, rather than individual, goals,
similar to that of working collaboratively as you would on a
team project in the workplace.
Success occurs when all members of the team achieve the goal.
This is the basis of the Collaborative Learning Community

8. (CLC). Many class assignments throughout your courses use
CLCs. In addition, students are encouraged to form CLCs as
study groups to work on assignments and to prepare for exams,
as long as each student contributes substantially and contributes
individual work.
In both the classroom and the workplace, participants do not
always contribute equally. In the workplace, inequity of effort
and contribution leads to variation in promotion rates, bonuses,
and salaries. In this classroom, inequity of effort and
contribution to CLC projects will lead to variation in the grade
given to each participant.
For each CLC, you will be assigned to a team of three to five
students. You may access the team forums from the "Tasks" tab
or from the home page of your classroom in LoudCloud. The
team forums are distinguished by color (Blue Group Forum,
Green Group Forum, etc.). Please make sure that all
communication regarding the CLC and all individual
submissions for team evaluation are posted in these team forums
(no personal exchanges through email) so that all team members
can read and review what other team members are thinking, and
so that the instructor can evaluate each team member's
contribution to the project.
Failure to communicate and procrastination by a team member
are some of the most frustrating interactions that can occur
within team projects. Please be considerate of your team. For
example, many of your team members might be very busy
outside a class and may be unable to wait until the last minute
to complete the project. By participating in a timely manner,
you can avoid causing them frustration.
After the team has created an agreed-upon document for
submission, one of the team members will submit it to the
designated drop box in the module for the module in which it is
due. The final submission must be created in Microsoft Word
and include appropriate citations where applicable unless
otherwise noted in the course syllabus.
Assignment Grading Rubrics

9. For many of the assignments you submit, your instructors will
use a grading rubric to assess the level of knowledge and/or
skill demonstrated in your assignment. Assignment grading
rubrics are also used to communicate with you the expected
level of quality which is to be demonstrated in order to receive
a particular grade on the assignment. Rubrics include the
criteria in which you will be graded on such as content,
organization and effectiveness and format as well as elements
required in the assignment to achieve a particular performance
level such as satisfactory, good, or excellent. If an assignment
will be graded with a rubric, it will say so within the
assignment description. The assignment rubric may be
reviewed at the assignment submission box. You should always
review the assignment rubric when available prior to completing
an assignment so that you have a clear understanding of what's
required to successfully complete the assignment.
APA Format and Turnitin
In this module, you will be asked to turn in an article summary
that requires APA format and submission to Turnitin. Always
look for these requirements within the assignment directions of
your course syllabus.
APA format is the basic format required for all written
assignments submitted in class, with some exceptions as
indicated by your course syllabus. The proper use of APA
format provides an effective and consistent way to produce
academic writing which is both original and credible because it
gives you the ability to integrate and cite sources you have
referenced to complete a writing assignment. Learning to
properly use APA formatting takes practice and is important in
order to avoid plagiarizing, which will be discussed in the next
module. For more information on how to format your writing
assignments using APA, complete the "APA Formatting"
tutorial by clicking here.
Turnitin is a software program used to analyze the originality of
submitted writing assignments. If a Turnitin originality report is
required, it will be indicated in the assignment instructions

10. within the course syllabus as well as at the assignment
submission box. The LoudCloud Walk to Class Tutorial
discusses Turnitin under the Tasks (Forums and Assignments)
tab. Review this section again for more information on how to
submit assignments to Turnitin. Ultimately, Turnitin protects
everyone; it helps ensure that the work you turn in is original.
Students must complete their own work. If you turn in work that
was completed by another person, it is considered plagiarism in
which there are serious consequences, including expulsion.
Students who are expelled for plagiarism are often unable to
enroll in other colleges because the expulsion stays on their
academic record.
References
Alvermann, D. E., Phelps, S. F., & Ridgeway, V. G. (2007).
Content area reading and literacy: Succeeding in today's diverse
classrooms. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, LLC.
Purdue Online Writing. (2011). OWL: Paraphrase: write it in
your own words. Retrieved on February 10, 2011 from
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/619/01/
RUBRIC
Reference List Assignment Scoring Guide
Gradable Items:
Points Possible
Points Earned
Created a properly formatted title page
10
Included a properly formatted book reference
10
Included a properly formatted journal article without a DOI
number reference
10
Included a properly formatted journal article with a DOI number

11. reference
10
Included a properly formatted permalink reference
10
Included a properly formatted website reference
10
Included a properly formatted dissertation/thesis from a
database reference
10
Included at total of at least 10 references from the last 5 years.
Properly formatted in APA style.
50 – 10 @ 5 points each
Total Score:
120