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PKNS Complex,
Shah Alam
Prepared by
Lee Pei Gie 0315653
Yong Seen Yee 0315883
Khoo Xin Yee 0316180
Davin Young Qiao Wei 0321065
Thun Shao Xun 0315919
Tay Sy Min 0320813
Shane Sim Ee Han 0321288
Building Services II (QSB 2714)
Bachelor of Quantity Surveying
’’Oldest commercial
complex in Shah
Alam which houses
offices and shops.
There are hardly any
high street shops. It's
more of a bazaar
with small
shops/stores/stalls.
The Selangor
Immigration Office
here also helps to
cater the crowd
Discussion
on Existing
System
>>>>>>>>>
Fire protection
system
• Active fire protection system
• Passive fire protection system
Fire extinguisher
• Initial outbreak of fires
• Located at conspicuous
location
• Within 20m from a
potential fire hazard
• ABC type dry powder
fire extinguisher
• Blue colour
Fire Protection System
External fire hydrant
• Flow from water main with the
control of a valve
• Two way fire hydrant
• <10m distance to the building
• <10m distance to high voltage
electrical main
• <90m apart along access road
Fire Protection System
Hose Reel
• Early stage of fire
• Sited in proper position
• Manually operated and
activated by opening a valve
enabling the water to flow
into hose that is 30m away
Fire Protection System
Water storage tank
• Located at roof level
• Pressed steel
• Painted with a red
band of minimum
200mm
• Two compartments
• Level indicator
Fire Protection System
Wet riser
• Permanently charged with water
• >30.5 and <70.5m above the fire
appliance access level
• Inlet breeching connector at
ground floor and with landing
valve on each floor
• Air valve automatically open to
release air
• Air valve close when is full of
water
Fire Protection System
Sprinkler system
• Small glass bulb with a
glycerine based liquid
• Block the flow of water
• Liquid become hot;
expand; shatter the glass
bulb
• Temperature is
approximately 68°C/155°F
Fire Protection System
Fireman’s switch
• Electrical isolation switch
• Permit the disconnection of
electrical power supply
• Located in conspicuous place
• <2.75m from the ground
• Paint in red colour
Fire Protection System
Manual call point
• Raising an alarm manually
• Push button / break glass
• Installed at a height of 1.2m
above floor level
• Travel distance from one place
to the nearest call point doesn’t
exceed 30m
Fire Protection System
Fire alarm bell
• To alarm people who are at
risk
• It is relatively loud
• Produce a specific sound
pattern to avoid confusion to
successfully warn for
hazards
Fire Protection System
Smoke detector
• To detect the fire
• Ionized smoke detector & light scattering smoke
detector
• Reduce current which energies alarm relay and
obstruct the light passing through
• Trigger the alarm bell to give signal
Fire Protection System
Voice communication
system
• To communicate critical
information
• Colour in red
• Two way communication
system
• A network of telephone
handsets connected to the
master headset at the Fire
Command Centre
Fire Protection System
Fire door
• Allow the flow of traffic
around the building
• A barrier to stop the
spread of fire when door
is closed
• Provide an escape route
for occupants to escape
when the door is open
Fire Protection System
Fire escape route
• Emergency exit
• Provides a directional exit signs
• Mounted beside the lift for showing these
escape routes
Fire Protection System
Staircase and
compartment
• The number of risers per flight
<16
• Tread & riser dimension are
consistence
• No winders in escape staircase
• Sub-divided into compartment
by using compartment walls
and compartment floors
• Period of insulation >15min
Fire Protection System
Electrical Supply
System
• Main Switch Board
• Service Entrance
• Branch Circuit
• MCCB
• Conduit
Main switch board
• Consists of various electric
apparatus that are used to
operate circuits
• To transmit electricity
• It is enclosed
• Sheet steel fabricated
Electrical Supply System
Service entrance
• Allow the electric to flow to
the building
• Electric will pass through
the meter and a device
• For overcurrent protection
and electrical current
control
• To avoid occurrence of
overcurrent
Electrical Supply System
Branch circuit
• A metal box that filled with
switches
• To supply the power to the
electrical devices in the
shop
• Cut off the power without
affecting the power supply
of the whole building
Electrical Supply System
Miniature circuit
breaker (MCCB)
• To protect cables
• Lines against overload and short-circuit
Electrical Supply System
Conduit
• To protect the cables from
physical damage and
heat
• PVC electrical conduit
elbow
• Light
• High strength
• Low cost
Electrical Supply System
Mechanical and Air-
conditioning System
• Mechanical Fan
• Air Return Diffuser
• Air Supply Diffuser
• Air Door
• AHU Room
• Cooling Tower
• Ventilation Ducting System
Mechanical Fan
 CEILING FAN or WALL MOUNTING FAN
 Circulate air within a space
 Reducing the perceived temperature by method of evaporation
of perspiration on the skin of the occupants.
Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Ventilation Conducting System
 FLEXIBLE DUCTWORKS
 Insulated with fiberglass to avoid losing valuable conditioned
air
 Enhance thermal performance and prevent condensation
and dripping
PKNS COMPLEXMechanical and Air-conditioning System
Cooling Tower
 Specialized heat exchanger
 Located on the roof of PKNS building WHY ?
 Noise and vibration they generate, the tower should be
isolated acoustically from the frame of the building and
noise sensitive areas
Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
AHU Room
 Located in a large mechanical room
 AHU connects to the ductwork that distributes the conditioned air
throughout the areas of the building
 Warmed air is returned to the AHU room to be cooled after going
through the cooling coil and filter
Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Air Door
 Installed air doors at every entrance or customer entryways
 Help keep flying insects out by creating forceful turbulence
 Help keep out outside air and prevent loss of cool air, thus
reducing infiltration through the opening
Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Air Supply Diffuser
 CONE DIFFUSER
 Mounted on the ceiling
 Cones can be taken out
by pushing inward, turn
around and pull down
 4 - WAYS LOUVER
BLADED DIFFUSER
 Mounted on the ceiling
 Provide excellent
diffusion performance
Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Air Return Diffuser
 Attached to the wall as well as mounted on the ceiling
 Connects to ductwork that allows air to return to any cooling
or heating system
 The openings that connect to ducts and other spaces for
the returning air are covered with grillwork.
Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Vertical Transport
System
• Escalator
• Elevator
ESCALATOR
 Located at the center of ground floor and second floor
 Double bank in two travel direction
 Used in the objects in which persons travel in two opposite direction
 Normally use in major department stores where transportation time
between several levels should be kept to a minimum
Vertical Transport System
ELEVATOR
 Three fire fighter lift and three electric lifts
 The elevators can support up to 800kg, 11 people can go in at one time
 The speed of these elevators is between 100-150 feet per minute
Fire Lift and
Electirc Lift Fire Lift and
Electirc Lift
Vertical Transport System
ELEVATOR
 Call Buttons are used to request an elevator
 Hall lanterns or position indicators are used to indicate the arriving
elevator and the direction it will travel
 Audible signals sound once for elevators going up and sound twice
for elevators going down
Hall Lantern Hall Lantern
Vertical Transport System
ELEVATOR
 Equipped with lighting and ventilation fan
 Floor Selection Buttons are used to select floors that the elevator
will stop at
 Operation and Emergency Buttons are offset below the floor
selection buttons. These buttons include door open, door close,
emergency stop and emergency alarm. All these button panels
are clear and easily reached at appropriate level
Vertical Transport System
Analysis
on System
Problems
>>>>>>>>>
Problems on
Fire Protection
System
1.Fire Alarm System
• Most of the fire alarm trigger system are
not functioning
Problems on Fire Protection System
Only a few of the old
alarm were replaced by
new ones.
• lacking of
visible
indicator
alarm
signal
which one
of the
requirement
stated in
UBBL 241.
• To notify
deaf people
during a fire
Fire alarm within
the building
visible indicator alarm
signal that the building
should have
Problems on Fire Protection System
2. Voice communication System
Telephone for users to
contact the control
centre looks very dirty
and faulty.
There is no key to
access the
telephone in it.
Problems on Fire Protection System
The command and control centre which is
closed and looked abandoned
• violates the requirement of UBBL 239 part 3 - voice
communication system is required in every office area
exceeding 92.9m2
• violates the requirement of UBBL 238 - not having a
command and control system in such a big building.
Problems on Fire Protection System
3. Fire Extinguisher
• Fire extinguishers can found at almost
every corner of the building especially at
fre hazards area.
• However, most of them are left
unsecured while some of them are hard
to excess.
Problems on Fire Protection System
Glass is broken
fire
extinguishers
that are not
kept properly
but instead it is
just left
unsecured.
No access
key.
Problems on Fire Protection System
4. Sprinkler System
• Very poorly maintained.
• Almost every visible sprinkler is covered
with a thick layer of dust.
• Could result in a false alarm to trigger.
Problems on Fire Protection System
• Moreover, there are even some sprinkles
then are badly corroded.
• This will impact the functionality of the
system and also result in leakage.
Corroded
Sprinklers
Problems on Fire Protection System
5. Firemen Lift
• There are no signs indicating which is the
firemen lift.
• All the lifts including the firemen lift have
very small capacity.
• Very inconvenient for firemen to use
during a fire.
Problems on Fire Protection System
No signs indicating
which is the
firemen lift.
Lift with small
capacity
Problems on Fire Protection System
6. Escape Route
• diffusers of the staircase pressurization
system are covered with a very layer of
dust.
• The stairs will not be pressurised the way it
should.
• Smoke can enter the escape route.
• Besides, few of the lockset of fire doors
which leads to the escape route is broken.
Problems on Fire Protection System
Diffusers covered with a lot of dust
Fire doors with broken lockset
Problems on Fire Protection System
Problems on
Mechanical and
Air-conditioning
System
COOLING TOWER
Water Leakage
Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Water flows
to the
electrical
cabling
nearby
Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Cooling tower
located at the top
floor in the
middle of the
building is not
functioning.
Fans are used
on the entire
ground floor
level.
Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Big fans are
used in
shoppinng
complex
Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
AHU DOOR
Gap between
the door
Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
DUCTING
Ducting expose
Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
Suggestion
on Improving
Systems
>>>>>>>>>
Fire Protection
System
1. Fire Alarm System
Employees have to stay alert if there is any broken
system
 to prevent it from not functioning during an event
of fire which will cause loss of lives within the
complex
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
The volume of the siren may be increased when
the fire alarm system is activated
 the occupants can clearly hear the directions
that are being given
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Some frequent maintenance should also be
carried out
 such as battery changing and cleaning it to
make it free from dust
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Decrease the distance between alarms
 it would take a long time for the occupants to
hear the fire alarm which the valuable escape
time would be lost because of this.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Quantity of fire alarm system within the complex
may also be increased.
 if some fire alarms are broken down, at least
there are a few more still can carry out its
function in the case of emergency.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
2. Voice Communication System
Can be improved by frequent testing and
maintenance
 to ensure it can be functioned
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Prepare more spare keys which can access the
telephones for users to contact the control centre
 as the size of key is usually small which could be
lost easily.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Telephone should also be cleaned frequently so
that it would not be covered with dust or unwanted
rubbish
 which may hiding them away or mixing them
with other items and lead to the confusion for
people in the complex in the case of emergency.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Ensure that the connection line of control centre is
still working
 because it could assist to contact fire fighters
during emergencies
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
The command and control centre should be
reopened
 To receive information from the occupants when
there is an event of fire for them to contact the
fire fighters immediately without delaying the
time.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
3. Fire Extinguisher
Test the extinguisher during annual fire protection
inspections
 ensure that it can be functioned because the
extinguisher would have easily been knocked
and damaged.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
All the employees should have training lesson on
how to use the fire extinguisher correctly
 so they can use it to prevent the spread of fire
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Ensure that the fire extinguishers are always in
place with accessible keys beside
 it may only take a few seconds to remove the
blockage on the extinguisher, but every second
is vital in the event of a fire
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
The date of issue in their label of the extinguisher
should be checked frequently
 If they are out of date, they are useless and the
employees need to replace them
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Check fire extinguishers’ hose
 If there are any signs of breakage, holes or
cracks, the extinguisher must be replaced
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
4. Sprinkler System
Increase the water volume that can be spread out
from the sprinkler
 stop the fire in a short time
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Sprinklers should be cleaned frequently
 dust will block the sprinkler head
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Old rusted sprinkler should be replaced to a new
one
 when the sprinkler is rusted, this can interfere
with the valves or even stop them breaking
altogether.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Frequent checking of the condition of the piping
system of sprinkler should also be carried out
 as closed sprinkler valve is the most common
cause of failure in a sprinkler system
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Sensitivity of sprinkler should be tested and
maintenance is required for broken sprinkler.
 checked weekly to ensure they are open, and a
full flow test should be conducted at least yearly.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
5. Fireman Lift
Should be identified by placing a sign stated
‘FIREMAN LIFT’
 because the obfuscating signage in any way will
make this more difficult for people who are not
familiar with the layout of the building
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Size of the fireman lift should be enlarged
 more fire fighters can be sent to upper floor to
control the fire spread the save the occupants
who are trapped in the fire.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Velocity of the lift should be slightly increased
 reduce the time taken for fire fighters to stop the
spread of fire on the upper floor.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Make sure installation and maintenance are
carried out properly
 the maintenance of fireman life should be done
frequently to prevent it from not functioning
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Fire resistance coating can also be applied for
internal and external wall surface of the lift
 form a barrier to stop the spread of fire
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
6. Escape Route
Provide the diagrams to show the route to escape
 well displayed signs can quickly guide everyone
to safety.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Diffusers should be cleaned weekly by the cleaner
 residues inside diffuser combined with heat can
cause serious life-threatening fires.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Change the fire door lockset if it is broken
 it could lead to very dangerous situation if
people are trying to the fire door in a panic
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Do monthly check up of the condition of the fire
door.
 If there is a hole or crack on the fire resistant
door, the door is considered as useless because
smoke will be able to come through the cracks
and the fire will continue to spread to other
places
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Ensure that the fire door is accessible
 so that when people are trying to escape from
the complex, they do not need to interfere with
any equipment, tools or objects that could cause
them further harm.
Recommendation on Fire Protection System
Mechanical and
Air-conditioning
System
Water leak from cooling
tower
• Blocked or clog pipe
*For illustration purpose only
Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
Recommendation……
Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
Mechanical fan
Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
Round Cone Diffuser
Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
AHU Door
Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
Exposed ducting
Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
THANK YOU

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BUILDING SERVICE GROUP ASSIGNMENT

  • 1. PKNS Complex, Shah Alam Prepared by Lee Pei Gie 0315653 Yong Seen Yee 0315883 Khoo Xin Yee 0316180 Davin Young Qiao Wei 0321065 Thun Shao Xun 0315919 Tay Sy Min 0320813 Shane Sim Ee Han 0321288 Building Services II (QSB 2714) Bachelor of Quantity Surveying
  • 2. ’’Oldest commercial complex in Shah Alam which houses offices and shops. There are hardly any high street shops. It's more of a bazaar with small shops/stores/stalls. The Selangor Immigration Office here also helps to cater the crowd
  • 4. Fire protection system • Active fire protection system • Passive fire protection system
  • 5. Fire extinguisher • Initial outbreak of fires • Located at conspicuous location • Within 20m from a potential fire hazard • ABC type dry powder fire extinguisher • Blue colour Fire Protection System
  • 6. External fire hydrant • Flow from water main with the control of a valve • Two way fire hydrant • <10m distance to the building • <10m distance to high voltage electrical main • <90m apart along access road Fire Protection System
  • 7. Hose Reel • Early stage of fire • Sited in proper position • Manually operated and activated by opening a valve enabling the water to flow into hose that is 30m away Fire Protection System
  • 8. Water storage tank • Located at roof level • Pressed steel • Painted with a red band of minimum 200mm • Two compartments • Level indicator Fire Protection System
  • 9. Wet riser • Permanently charged with water • >30.5 and <70.5m above the fire appliance access level • Inlet breeching connector at ground floor and with landing valve on each floor • Air valve automatically open to release air • Air valve close when is full of water Fire Protection System
  • 10. Sprinkler system • Small glass bulb with a glycerine based liquid • Block the flow of water • Liquid become hot; expand; shatter the glass bulb • Temperature is approximately 68°C/155°F Fire Protection System
  • 11. Fireman’s switch • Electrical isolation switch • Permit the disconnection of electrical power supply • Located in conspicuous place • <2.75m from the ground • Paint in red colour Fire Protection System
  • 12. Manual call point • Raising an alarm manually • Push button / break glass • Installed at a height of 1.2m above floor level • Travel distance from one place to the nearest call point doesn’t exceed 30m Fire Protection System
  • 13. Fire alarm bell • To alarm people who are at risk • It is relatively loud • Produce a specific sound pattern to avoid confusion to successfully warn for hazards Fire Protection System
  • 14. Smoke detector • To detect the fire • Ionized smoke detector & light scattering smoke detector • Reduce current which energies alarm relay and obstruct the light passing through • Trigger the alarm bell to give signal Fire Protection System
  • 15. Voice communication system • To communicate critical information • Colour in red • Two way communication system • A network of telephone handsets connected to the master headset at the Fire Command Centre Fire Protection System
  • 16. Fire door • Allow the flow of traffic around the building • A barrier to stop the spread of fire when door is closed • Provide an escape route for occupants to escape when the door is open Fire Protection System
  • 17. Fire escape route • Emergency exit • Provides a directional exit signs • Mounted beside the lift for showing these escape routes Fire Protection System
  • 18. Staircase and compartment • The number of risers per flight <16 • Tread & riser dimension are consistence • No winders in escape staircase • Sub-divided into compartment by using compartment walls and compartment floors • Period of insulation >15min Fire Protection System
  • 19. Electrical Supply System • Main Switch Board • Service Entrance • Branch Circuit • MCCB • Conduit
  • 20. Main switch board • Consists of various electric apparatus that are used to operate circuits • To transmit electricity • It is enclosed • Sheet steel fabricated Electrical Supply System
  • 21. Service entrance • Allow the electric to flow to the building • Electric will pass through the meter and a device • For overcurrent protection and electrical current control • To avoid occurrence of overcurrent Electrical Supply System
  • 22. Branch circuit • A metal box that filled with switches • To supply the power to the electrical devices in the shop • Cut off the power without affecting the power supply of the whole building Electrical Supply System
  • 23. Miniature circuit breaker (MCCB) • To protect cables • Lines against overload and short-circuit Electrical Supply System
  • 24. Conduit • To protect the cables from physical damage and heat • PVC electrical conduit elbow • Light • High strength • Low cost Electrical Supply System
  • 25. Mechanical and Air- conditioning System • Mechanical Fan • Air Return Diffuser • Air Supply Diffuser • Air Door • AHU Room • Cooling Tower • Ventilation Ducting System
  • 26. Mechanical Fan  CEILING FAN or WALL MOUNTING FAN  Circulate air within a space  Reducing the perceived temperature by method of evaporation of perspiration on the skin of the occupants. Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 27. Ventilation Conducting System  FLEXIBLE DUCTWORKS  Insulated with fiberglass to avoid losing valuable conditioned air  Enhance thermal performance and prevent condensation and dripping PKNS COMPLEXMechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 28. Cooling Tower  Specialized heat exchanger  Located on the roof of PKNS building WHY ?  Noise and vibration they generate, the tower should be isolated acoustically from the frame of the building and noise sensitive areas Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 29. AHU Room  Located in a large mechanical room  AHU connects to the ductwork that distributes the conditioned air throughout the areas of the building  Warmed air is returned to the AHU room to be cooled after going through the cooling coil and filter Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 30. Air Door  Installed air doors at every entrance or customer entryways  Help keep flying insects out by creating forceful turbulence  Help keep out outside air and prevent loss of cool air, thus reducing infiltration through the opening Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 31. Air Supply Diffuser  CONE DIFFUSER  Mounted on the ceiling  Cones can be taken out by pushing inward, turn around and pull down  4 - WAYS LOUVER BLADED DIFFUSER  Mounted on the ceiling  Provide excellent diffusion performance Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 32. Air Return Diffuser  Attached to the wall as well as mounted on the ceiling  Connects to ductwork that allows air to return to any cooling or heating system  The openings that connect to ducts and other spaces for the returning air are covered with grillwork. Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 34. ESCALATOR  Located at the center of ground floor and second floor  Double bank in two travel direction  Used in the objects in which persons travel in two opposite direction  Normally use in major department stores where transportation time between several levels should be kept to a minimum Vertical Transport System
  • 35. ELEVATOR  Three fire fighter lift and three electric lifts  The elevators can support up to 800kg, 11 people can go in at one time  The speed of these elevators is between 100-150 feet per minute Fire Lift and Electirc Lift Fire Lift and Electirc Lift Vertical Transport System
  • 36. ELEVATOR  Call Buttons are used to request an elevator  Hall lanterns or position indicators are used to indicate the arriving elevator and the direction it will travel  Audible signals sound once for elevators going up and sound twice for elevators going down Hall Lantern Hall Lantern Vertical Transport System
  • 37. ELEVATOR  Equipped with lighting and ventilation fan  Floor Selection Buttons are used to select floors that the elevator will stop at  Operation and Emergency Buttons are offset below the floor selection buttons. These buttons include door open, door close, emergency stop and emergency alarm. All these button panels are clear and easily reached at appropriate level Vertical Transport System
  • 40. 1.Fire Alarm System • Most of the fire alarm trigger system are not functioning Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 41. Only a few of the old alarm were replaced by new ones. • lacking of visible indicator alarm signal which one of the requirement stated in UBBL 241. • To notify deaf people during a fire Fire alarm within the building visible indicator alarm signal that the building should have Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 42. 2. Voice communication System Telephone for users to contact the control centre looks very dirty and faulty. There is no key to access the telephone in it. Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 43. The command and control centre which is closed and looked abandoned • violates the requirement of UBBL 239 part 3 - voice communication system is required in every office area exceeding 92.9m2 • violates the requirement of UBBL 238 - not having a command and control system in such a big building. Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 44. 3. Fire Extinguisher • Fire extinguishers can found at almost every corner of the building especially at fre hazards area. • However, most of them are left unsecured while some of them are hard to excess. Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 45. Glass is broken fire extinguishers that are not kept properly but instead it is just left unsecured. No access key. Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 46. 4. Sprinkler System • Very poorly maintained. • Almost every visible sprinkler is covered with a thick layer of dust. • Could result in a false alarm to trigger. Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 47. • Moreover, there are even some sprinkles then are badly corroded. • This will impact the functionality of the system and also result in leakage. Corroded Sprinklers Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 48. 5. Firemen Lift • There are no signs indicating which is the firemen lift. • All the lifts including the firemen lift have very small capacity. • Very inconvenient for firemen to use during a fire. Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 49. No signs indicating which is the firemen lift. Lift with small capacity Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 50. 6. Escape Route • diffusers of the staircase pressurization system are covered with a very layer of dust. • The stairs will not be pressurised the way it should. • Smoke can enter the escape route. • Besides, few of the lockset of fire doors which leads to the escape route is broken. Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 51. Diffusers covered with a lot of dust Fire doors with broken lockset Problems on Fire Protection System
  • 53. COOLING TOWER Water Leakage Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 54. Water flows to the electrical cabling nearby Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 55. Cooling tower located at the top floor in the middle of the building is not functioning. Fans are used on the entire ground floor level. Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 56. Big fans are used in shoppinng complex Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 57. AHU DOOR Gap between the door Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 58. DUCTING Ducting expose Problems on Mechanical and Air-conditioning System
  • 61. 1. Fire Alarm System Employees have to stay alert if there is any broken system  to prevent it from not functioning during an event of fire which will cause loss of lives within the complex Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 62. The volume of the siren may be increased when the fire alarm system is activated  the occupants can clearly hear the directions that are being given Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 63. Some frequent maintenance should also be carried out  such as battery changing and cleaning it to make it free from dust Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 64. Decrease the distance between alarms  it would take a long time for the occupants to hear the fire alarm which the valuable escape time would be lost because of this. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 65. Quantity of fire alarm system within the complex may also be increased.  if some fire alarms are broken down, at least there are a few more still can carry out its function in the case of emergency. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 66. 2. Voice Communication System Can be improved by frequent testing and maintenance  to ensure it can be functioned Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 67. Prepare more spare keys which can access the telephones for users to contact the control centre  as the size of key is usually small which could be lost easily. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 68. Telephone should also be cleaned frequently so that it would not be covered with dust or unwanted rubbish  which may hiding them away or mixing them with other items and lead to the confusion for people in the complex in the case of emergency. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 69. Ensure that the connection line of control centre is still working  because it could assist to contact fire fighters during emergencies Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 70. The command and control centre should be reopened  To receive information from the occupants when there is an event of fire for them to contact the fire fighters immediately without delaying the time. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 71. 3. Fire Extinguisher Test the extinguisher during annual fire protection inspections  ensure that it can be functioned because the extinguisher would have easily been knocked and damaged. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 72. All the employees should have training lesson on how to use the fire extinguisher correctly  so they can use it to prevent the spread of fire Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 73. Ensure that the fire extinguishers are always in place with accessible keys beside  it may only take a few seconds to remove the blockage on the extinguisher, but every second is vital in the event of a fire Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 74. The date of issue in their label of the extinguisher should be checked frequently  If they are out of date, they are useless and the employees need to replace them Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 75. Check fire extinguishers’ hose  If there are any signs of breakage, holes or cracks, the extinguisher must be replaced Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 76. 4. Sprinkler System Increase the water volume that can be spread out from the sprinkler  stop the fire in a short time Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 77. Sprinklers should be cleaned frequently  dust will block the sprinkler head Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 78. Old rusted sprinkler should be replaced to a new one  when the sprinkler is rusted, this can interfere with the valves or even stop them breaking altogether. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 79. Frequent checking of the condition of the piping system of sprinkler should also be carried out  as closed sprinkler valve is the most common cause of failure in a sprinkler system Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 80. Sensitivity of sprinkler should be tested and maintenance is required for broken sprinkler.  checked weekly to ensure they are open, and a full flow test should be conducted at least yearly. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 81. 5. Fireman Lift Should be identified by placing a sign stated ‘FIREMAN LIFT’  because the obfuscating signage in any way will make this more difficult for people who are not familiar with the layout of the building Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 82. Size of the fireman lift should be enlarged  more fire fighters can be sent to upper floor to control the fire spread the save the occupants who are trapped in the fire. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 83. Velocity of the lift should be slightly increased  reduce the time taken for fire fighters to stop the spread of fire on the upper floor. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 84. Make sure installation and maintenance are carried out properly  the maintenance of fireman life should be done frequently to prevent it from not functioning Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 85. Fire resistance coating can also be applied for internal and external wall surface of the lift  form a barrier to stop the spread of fire Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 86. 6. Escape Route Provide the diagrams to show the route to escape  well displayed signs can quickly guide everyone to safety. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 87. Diffusers should be cleaned weekly by the cleaner  residues inside diffuser combined with heat can cause serious life-threatening fires. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 88. Change the fire door lockset if it is broken  it could lead to very dangerous situation if people are trying to the fire door in a panic Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 89. Do monthly check up of the condition of the fire door.  If there is a hole or crack on the fire resistant door, the door is considered as useless because smoke will be able to come through the cracks and the fire will continue to spread to other places Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 90. Ensure that the fire door is accessible  so that when people are trying to escape from the complex, they do not need to interfere with any equipment, tools or objects that could cause them further harm. Recommendation on Fire Protection System
  • 92. Water leak from cooling tower • Blocked or clog pipe *For illustration purpose only Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
  • 94. Mechanical fan Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
  • 95. Round Cone Diffuser Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
  • 96. AHU Door Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
  • 97. Exposed ducting Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System
  • 98. Recommendation on Mechanical and Air-Conditioning System