introduction to artificial intelligence

1. Presented by Bharath. P
Information science
Sapthagiri college of engineering
Bangalore.
Creativity corporation

2. Creativity corporation
Branch of computer science that deals
with intelligent behavior, Learning and
adaptation in machines.
John McCarthy

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• Deduction, reasoning and problem solving
• Knowledge representation
• Planning
• Learning
• Natural language processing
• Motion and manipulation
• Perception
• Social intelligence

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Implementing the problem solving technique which
we all use naturally, How does our brain solve problems ,
what is the procedure it follows to Solve it.
Example: Let there be a picture puzzle i.e. re arranging
pieces of a picture Now , how does our brain know that this
piece comes in this place only, How does it solve this.

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Knowledge can be considered as huge database of all
things present in this world, environment(our surroundings).
Each and every action requires knowledge.
We call this knowledge as common sense, which we all use it
all the time.
There is an obstacle in front of u while walking , u walk
carefully avoiding it. Its common sense, how do u implement
all these in a machine.

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Machines must visualize future and must be able
to predict about how their actions will change
surroundings. They must have a representation of
the world in them.

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Machines will be made to learn and get their
knowledge. Learning can be done in 2 ways
• Supervised learning: learning process will be
under the control of developer of machine.
• Unsupervised learning: learning process is a
continuous one in the lifetime of machines.

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This gives machine ability to read and understand the
languages that human speak. They can take the input of
natural language either by reading or listening to what
humans speak and also can respond in same language.

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Robotics is very closely related to AI. This field i.e. motion
and manipulation is used in robotics, intelligence is required
to handle tasks such as object manipulation and navigation.
Robots move around and also displace objects.

10. ASIMO
It is a humanoid
robot created
by Honda. Standing
at 130 centimeters (4
feet 3 inches) and
weighing 54
kilograms (114
pounds), the robot
resembles a
small astronaut weari
ng a backpack and
can walk or run
on two feet at speeds
up to 6 km/h (4.3
mph)
Creativity corporation

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It is the ability to use input from sensors
(cameras, microphones, SONAR etc)
This field also includes
• speech recognition
• Facial recognition
• object recognition

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Machines showing emotions and behaving socially
like us is social intelligence. It must react politely and
be sensitive to humans.

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Combination of all the skills told till now matching
human abilities or even exceeding it is
called general intelligence. A perfect artificial human
being.

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Methods and ways used to solve these AI problems
• cybernetics
• cognitive simulation
• logic based
• anti logic or scruffy
• knowledge based
• sub symbolic
• statistical

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It is the study of control and communication in the animal
and machine. Simulation human brain

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Psychology was the base of this approach to AI.
Human psychology was simulated

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This approach uses formal logic to solve a wide variety
of problems, Including knowledge representation, planning
and learning. programming language used is PROLOG

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Expert systems were developed keeping knowledge as the base,
these systems could behave like an human expert and
answer or provide solutions to any questions related to that field
to which it is intended.

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This included solving difficult problems in vision and natural
language processing, methods used here were not simple
principles like logic.
• neural networks
• fuzzy systems
• evolutionary computation
are some of the fields involved in sub symbolic approach.

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This used sophisticated mathematical tools to solve specific
sub problems. Measurable and verifiable results were obtained
from this approach.
operations research (OR) field is included here.

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Tools used for AI to the approaches mentioned are
• Search and Optimization
• Logic
• Probability methods of uncertain reasoning
• neural networks
Neural networks

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 Finance : banks can use AI to organize operations , invest in stocks and
manage properties
 Medicine : AI technique is employed to generate a sequence of operations
understandable by the control system of a robot
which is to perform a semi-automatic surgical task
 Heavy industry : Robots can do jobs which are dangerous to humans.
It can be used to do very repetitive jobs which may lead to
mistakes or accidents due to lapse in concentration.
 Transportation : Cars have automatic gearboxes, its doing job of a human
its also considered to be part of AI , fuzzy logic controllers
are used to develop it.
 Toys and games :Robot pets , super toys etc.
 Military : spy robots , unmanned bombers , advanced aircrafts …

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The care-providing robot FRIEND uses sensors like cameras and intelligent
algorithms to control the manipulator in order to support disabled and
elderly people in their daily life activities.

24. Kismet
A Robot designed to
assist research into
social interactions
between robots and
humans
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25. TOPIO
This robot can play
table tennis
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A complete bio-mechanical human is possible.
Humans can themselves be implemented with micro chips
And/or genetically altered as to be just as high as robots.

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