Présentation de Biblissima à l'atelier "Manuscript Digitization and Online Accessibility" (Biblioteca Vallicelliana, Rome, 23/10/2014) par Anne-Marie Turcan-Verkerk

1. (
An(Observatory(for(the(WriKen(Cultural(Heritage(
of(the(Middle(Ages(and(the(Renaissance(
(Arabic,(French,(Greek,(Hebrew,(La8n…)(
Anne-Marie Turcan-Verkerk
Ecole pratique des hautes études, Paris
Institut de recherche et d’histoire des textes
Campus Condorcet
Biblissima(bénéficie(d’une(aide(de(l’Etat(gérée(par(l’ANR(au(8tre(du(programme(« Inves8ssements(d’avenir »,(portant(la(référence(ANR?11?EQPX?0007.!

2. 1 — Manuscript and incunabula
digitization in French libraries
2 — What is Biblissima?
3 — Work done so far / Next steps

3. 1 — Manuscript and incunabula
digitization in French libraries

4. (at least) 4 types of libraries
2 ministries
— Bibliothèque nationale de France
— Public libraries (bibliothèques municipales, archives,
musées…)
—> Ministère de la culture et de la communication
— University libraries
—> Ministère de l’éducation nationale, de l’enseignement
supérieur et de la recherche
several sources of funding
very diverse results…

5. Bibliothèque nationale de France

6. Bibliothèque nationale de France
— an (enormous) budget for digitization
— sponsorship (Total Foundation, Mellon
Foundation…)
— Europe (Europeana Regia)
— or by the “Investissement d’avenir” Programme
(like Biblissima)

7. Public libraries
(bibliothèques municipales, archives, musées…)

8. Public libraries
(bibliothèques municipales, archives, musées…)
— a (very low) budget for digitization
— sponsorship ?
— digitization by IRHT [since 2008-9] : the BVMM

10. Public libraries
(bibliothèques municipales, archives, musées…)
.
.
.
— annual call “projets de numérisation” (Ministère de la culture)
[until 2013]
— annual call “services culturels innovants” (Ministère de la culture)
[since 2014]
— funding by cities, regions…
— scientific projects funded by ANR (Agence nationale de la
recherche)
— the Biblissima “appels à manifestation d’intérêt”
[since 2013]

11. University libraries

12. University libraries
— a (very low) budget for digitization
— sponsorship ?
— digitization by IRHT [2009-2010] : the BVMM
— the “Bibliothèque scientifique numérique” (BSN)
[since 2013]

13. Since 2013 : annual call BSN 5 (2014 : € 650,000)

14. University libraries
.
.
.
.
— scientific projects funded by ANR (Agence nationale
de la recherche)
— the Biblissima “appels à manifestation
d’intérêt” [since 2013]

15. Private libraries

16. Private libraries
— self-financing
— sponsorship ?
— digitization by IRHT [2009-2010] : e.g. Musée Condé,
Chantilly, Institut de France
— scientific projects funded by ANR (Agence nationale
de la recherche)
— the Biblissima “appels à manifestation
d’intérêt” [since 2013]

17. = time lost to look for money
= heterogeneity of the results
… a centralized State?
At the national level, 1 source of funding
common to all the libraries and archives :
the Biblissima “appels à manifestation
d’intérêt”

18. 2 — What is Biblissima ? Or : how to
manage the heterogeneity?

19. !!
Bibliotheca!bibliothecarum!novissima((
(
transla8on:(
(
The(Library(of(Libraries(for(the(21st(Century((
at(the(Campus(Condorcet(
(
The!observatory! focuses!on!d ocuments!wri5en! in! the!main!
languages! of! culture! in! Medieval! and! Renaissance! Europe!
(Arabic,!French,!Greek,!Hebrew,! LaDn,!etc.)!and! contributes!
to! a! be5er! understanding! of! the! circulaDon! of! texts,! the!
evoluDon! of! libraries! and! the! transmission! of! knowledge! in!
Europe!from!the!8th!to!18th!centuries.(

20. Partners:((
– Campus(Condorcet((project(lead)(
– Bibliothèque(na8onale(de(France(
– CESR,(Tours(
– CIHAM,(Lyon?Avignon(
– Ecole(des(chartes((CJM)(
– Ecole(pra8que(des(hautes(études((SAPRAT)(
– Ins8tut(de(recherche(et(d’histoire(des(textes(
– Centre(Michel(de(Bouärd(de(Caen((
– Pôle(document(numérique(de(la(MRSH(de(Caen(

21. • 7 years (2012-2019)
• € 7.1 M
• 8-person technology / metadata team
coord. : Matthieu Bonicel (BnF)
• 100 researchers
• Executive Committee
coord. : AMTV
• Scientific advisory board
(

22. Interna8onal((
support:(the(
Scien8fic(
Advisory(
Board

23. (
(Biblissima:(a(growing(network((
((

24. about(70%(of(the(funding(
is(for(data(sets((contents)(
(
We!want!to!store,!create!and!expose!data!on!a!large!scale!
and!at!different!levels!
according!to!predefined!themaDc!fields!and!prioriDes

25. 1.!Documentary! data! and! images! provide!
starDng! points! for! research,! such! as! card!
indexes!built!up!over!the!course!of!several!
decades!and!the!databases!which!followed!
them,! or! digiDzed! manuscripts! and! early!
printed!sources.
2.! ScienDfic! data! created,! produced,! and/
or!drawn!together!by!Biblissima.
3.!Digital!ediDons!of!ancient!texts,!directly!
available! from! the! assembled! databases!
and!repositories,!united!in!Biblissima!(e.!g.!
MonUaucon,!Bibliotheca+bibliothecarum).

26. 25%(of(the(funding(
for(the(Observatory((tools)(
(
We!want!to!create!a!system!
for!managing!and!analysing!historical!data:!
the!full!range!of!scienDfic!tools!that!researchers!need!

27. 1.!Interconnected!digital!image!
repositories.
2.!Coordinated!sets!of!databases.
3.!UserZfriendly!digital!ediDon!tools!which!
meet!diverse!and!mulDple!needs.
The(main(idea(is(to(connect(tools(
in(an(open?access(network.

28. 3 — How to ensure sustainability and
interoperability of the Biblissima
data sets?
Work done so far / Next steps

29. current situation: a world of silos

30. Image(interoperability
3 major digital
libraries
Gallica
BVMM
BVH
(Régis Robineau, web coord.)

31. Star8ng(points
Inventory(of(Biblissima’s(3(main(digital(image(
repositories:(
o Gallica!(BnF):!h5p://gallica.bnf.fr!
o BVMM!(IRHT):!h5p://bvmm.irht.cnrs.fr!
o BVH!(CESR):!h5p://www.bvh.univZtours.fr

32. Star8ng(points
Reviews(and(technical(tests:(
o !!image!servers!
o !!image!clients!and!viewers!
o !!IIIF/SharedCanvas!specificaDons
International Image Interoperabilty Framework

33. Work done so far
Set(up(technology(stack(for(demo(purposes(
• IIIF(image(server(up(and(running(
• transforma8on(scripts(to(build(manifest(files(from(
various(formats((EAD,(OAI,(TEI)(
• Mirador(IIIF(viewer(demo:(
demos.biblissima?condorcet.fr/mirador/

34. Mirador(demo(

35. Mirador(demo(

36. Mirador(demo(

37. Mirador(demo:(
image(+(image

38. Mirador(demo:(
image(+(text

39. Interna8onal(collabora8on
• ac8ve(collabora8on(with(the(Stanford(team(
o contribuDons!to!Mirador!development!
• ongoing(involvment(in(the(IIIF(community(
o feedback/discussion!on!the!current!specificaDons!
(contribuDons!to!API!updates)!
o definiDon!of!use!cases!to!be!implemented!
o sharing!of!IIIF!uDliDes!

40. http://iiif.io/community.html!
ARTstor !
Biblissima !
Bodleian Libraries, Oxford
University !
British Library !
Codices Electronici Sangallenses !
Cornell University !
DPLA !
Europeana !
Harvard University !
Johns Hopkins University !
Bibliothèque nationale de
France!
Nasjonalbiblioteket (National
Library of Norway)!
National Library of Denmark !
National Library of New Zealand !
National Library of Poland !
National Library of Serbia !
National Library of Wales !
Princeton University Library !
St. Louis University !
Stanford University !
TextGrid !
Wellcome Trust !
Yale University !
…

41. Next(steps
• define(workflows(to(implement(IIIF/SharedCanvas(on(
a(large(scale(among(Biblissima(partners(
• relate(the(SharedCanvas(data(model(to(the(Biblissima(
ontology(
• expand/improve(documenta8on(website:(
doc.biblissima?condorcet.fr/entrepots?dimages(

42. Thesaurus(and(Ontology(
Illuminations
Provenance
Authority files
Catalogues Bindings
over 50 databases
and catalogues
(Stefanie Gehrke, data coord.)

43. Star8ng(Points(
(
Nearly(50(different(databases(
• (format:(SQL,(Access,(TEI,(EAD(
• (size:(from(16(works((Miroir(des(Classiques)(to(30,000(entries(
(Bibale)(
• (granularity:(Books(within(Books(vs.(Bibale(
• (content:(digital(edi8on,(manuscript(descrip8ons,(
iconography,(bindings,(incunabla,(etc.(

44. Work(done(so(far(–(RDF(Framework
Close(reading(of(CIDOC?CRM(and(FRBRoo((
(plus(mappings)(
(
Mee8ng(with(experts(from(the(Scien8fic(Advisory(Board((
(Paul(Bertrand,(Emmanuelle(Bermès,(Stéphane(
Pouyllau)(
(
Awareness(of(other(ontologies:(SAWS,(GeoNames,(
CLAROS,(FOAF,(etc.(

45. Work(done(so(far(–(RDF(framework(
Why(CIDOC?CRM(and(FRBRoo(?(
(
=>(Biblissima(focuses(on(developments(or(changes(in(
8me(and(space.((
(
=>(CIDOC?CRM(is(event?centric(
=>(FRBRoo(combines(the(CIDOC?CRM(approach(with(the(
common(vocabulary(for(the(transmission(of(works(
(WEMI)(that(is(provided(by(the(FRBR(model(

46. F28_Expression_CreaDon!
!!
E53_Place!
!!
F5_Item!
P4_carried_out_by!!
Place!
2!
Place!
1!
!!!R7B_has_example!
P4_has_Dme_span! P4_carried_out_by!!!
E39_Actor!
Actor!
1!
Actor!
2!
E52_Time_
Span!
P7_took_place_at!
Focus:(History(of(the(transmission(of(texts(
F1_Work!
!
R19_created_a_!
realisaDon_of!
R17_created!
F2_Expression!
R4_carriers_!
provided_by!
F3_ManifestaDon
_Product_Type!

47. Classes(added(to(the(CIDOC?CRM
• Bbissima_Collection
• Bbissima_Ghost_Collection
• Bbissima_Sceau
• Bbissima_Folio
• Bbissima_Reliure
• Bbissima_Manuscrit
• Bbissima_Manuscrit_Medieval
• Bbissima_Membra_Disiecta
• Bbissima_Composant
• Bbissima_Oeuvre_Textuelle
• Bbissima_Gravure
• Bbissima_Cycle_Textuel
• Bbissima_Explicit
• Bbissima_Incipit
• Bbissima_Rubrique
• Bbissima_Legende
• Bbissima_Edition_Electronique
• Bbissima_Inventaire
• Bbissima_Manuscrit_Reconstruit • Bbissima_Numerisation • Bbissima_Production_Reliure • Bbissima_Production_Composant • Bbissima_Production_Manuscrit_Medieval • Bbissima_Redaction_Inventaire • Bbissima_Mecenat • Bbissima_Etablir_Notice • Bbissima_Changement_Reliure • Bbissima_Transfert_Vers_Collection • Bbissima_Dispersion_De_Collection • Bbissima_ Type_Usage_Manifestation_Singleton
• Bbissima_Copie
• Bbissima_Manuscrit_Source

48. Work(in(progress:(Data(Alignment
Data(alignment(using(OpenRefine:!
!
• !place!
• !actor!
• !work!
• !descriptor!

49. Authority(Files(
—!CollaboraDon!with!the!Bibliothèque!naDonale!de!
France! to! build! a! set! of! authority! files! (people,!
insDtuDons,!texts)!with!ARK!idenDfiers!!
!
—!CollaboraDon!with!university!libraries!
!
—!IntegraDon!of!BnF!ids!in!VIAF!and!ISNI!databases!
!

50. Thesaurus(and(Triplestore
Editing and publishing the thesaurus using GINCO
Installation (test) of Virtuoso and 4store
Work on sample data coming from different
databases concerning one work

51. Next(step!
!
Working!together!
!
—!by!developing!other!fields!(e.g.!for!the!descripDon!of!
early!printed!books)!
!
—!by!developing!mulDlingual!thesauri:!internaDonal!
interoperability!ab+ovo!
!

52. Quality(of(the(data(
and(training(
Production
environment
OpenSource
XML Editor
Publishing
toolkit
E-learning
tutorials
TEI editions and tool
for researchers
(Pierre-Yves Buard, Caen [digital edition],
Bénédicte Giffard & Elizabeth MacDonald [toolkit])

53. How!can!we!ensure!the!growth!and!the!longZ
term!preservaDon!of!the!Biblissima!
Observatory?!!
Through!training,!on!all!levels:
1.!scienDfic!disseminaDon!in!a!scholarly!
environment:!summer(schools

54. a(summer(school(
every(year(
(
2013:(Chartres(
(
Recons3tuer!les!
bibliothèques!de!
Saint8Père!et!de!
la!cathédrale

55. a(summer(school(
every(year(
(
2014:(Troyes(
(
Recons3tuer!la!
bibliothèque!de!
Clairvaux

56. a(summer(school(
every(year(
((
2015:(Saint?Omer((
Boulogne?sur?Mer(
(
Recons3tuer!la!
bibliothèque!de!
Saint8Ber3n(
(

57. and(a(collabora8on(IRHT(?(Biblissima!
Training(school,(31(March(?(4(April(2014

58. How!can!we!ensure!the!growth!and!the!longZ
term!preservaDon!of!the!Biblissima!
Observatory?!!
Through!training,!on!all!levels:
1.!scienDfic!disseminaDon!in!a!scholarly!
environment:!summer(schools((2013(
Chartres(?(2014(Troyes)
2.!(online)!training!in!classics!(ancient!
languages,!scholarly!methods,!help!with!
cataloguing)!and!digital!humaniDes!:!“the(
Biblissima(toolkit”

59. XML(Editor!
!
—!A!scholarZfriendly!soluDon!(LTR!and!RTL):!XXE!(Caen)!
!!
—!Perhaps!a!common!tool!for!BUs,!BMs!and!the!BnF:!can!
we!make!interoperable!catalogues!a+priori?!
!!

64. How!can!we!ensure!the!growth!and!the!longZ
term!preservaDon!of!the!Biblissima!
Observatory?!!
Through!training,!on!all!levels:
1.!scienDfic!disseminaDon!in!a!scholarly!
environment:!summer(schools((2013(
Chartres(?(2014(Troyes)
2.!(online)!training!in!classics!(ancient!
languages,!scholarly!methods,!help!with!
cataloguing)!and!digital!humaniDes!:!“the(
Biblissima(toolkit”
3.!diffusion!and!promoDon!for!an!audience!of!all!
ages!and!levels:!calls(for(projects

65. a(call(for(projects(every(year((
! €(200,000(/(year(
! about(6(projects(funded(by(
Biblissima(every(year(
((€(15,000(—>(€(60,000(/(project)(

66. Selected(projects(for(2013(and(2014!

67. e.g. the Medieval Manuscripts of Chartres (2013-2014)

68. La Boétie and Montaigne: Private Libraries in Aquitaine (2013)

69. Mazarin's Library Online (2013-2014)

71. Current work
! Graphical work on all websites, to be published end
of 2014, early 2015
! Publication of the ontology
! Work on a prototype to map content of 2 illumination
databases (Mandragore & Initiale) with specific data
manipulation softwares
! Implementation of IIIF at BnF and IRHT

72. The scope:

75. anne?marie.turcan@irht.cnrs.fr(
(
maKhieu.bonicel@biblissima?condorcet.fr(
(
regis.robineau@biblissima?condorcet.fr((
(
stefanie.gehrke@biblissima?condorcet.fr(
(
elizabeth.macdonald@biblissima?condorcet.fr
Thank!you!!