SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  69
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Escherichia coli  is one of the most common intestinal bacteria of warm-blooded animals – only a few of the hundreds of types ( strains ) are harmful
[object Object],[object Object]
Causes serious illness in people who eat contaminated foods
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A  lipid bilayer  is the structural foundation of cell membranes, including  organelle  membranes
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Archaeans are similar to bacteria in overall structure
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
If the cell gets too big, inward flow of nutrients and outward flow of wastes across the membrane will not be fast enough ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Robert Hooke magnified a piece of thinly sliced cork and  named the tiny compartments he observed “ cellae ”
1820s: Robert Brown was first to identify a cell nucleus
Matthias Schleiden, hypothesized that a plant cell is an independent  living unit even when it is part of a plant
Schleiden and Theodor Schwann concluded that the tissues of animals as well as plants are composed of cells
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2. A cell is the smallest unit of life, individually alive even as part of a multicelled organism
3. All living cells come from division of preexisting cells
4. Cells contain hereditary material, which they pass to their offspring during division
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Each has a plasma membrane that separates its interior from the exterior environment
A cell’s interior contains cytoplasm and DNA
[object Object],[object Object]
We use different types of microscopes and techniques to reveal cells and their internal and external details
[object Object],[object Object]
Phase-contrast microscopes
Fluorescence microscope ,[object Object]
Transmission electron Microscopes
Scanning electron microscopes
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1 millimeter (mm) = 1/1000 meter, or 0.04 inch
1 micrometer ( μ m) = 1/1,000,000 meter, or 0.00004 inch
1 nanometer (nm) = 1/1,000,000,000 meter, or 0.00000004 inch
1 meter = 10 2  cm = 10 3  mm = 10 6   μ m = 10 9  nm
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
We use different types of microscopes to reveal different details of their structure
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Membranes of most cells can be described as a  fluid mosaic   of lipids (mainly phospholipids) and proteins
Lipids are organized as a  lipid bilayer : a double layer of lipids in which the nonpolar tails of both layers are sandwiched between the polar heads
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
All membranes have  transport proteins
Plasma membranes also have  receptor proteins ,  adhesion proteins ,  enzymes, and  recognition proteins
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object]

Contenu connexe

Tendances

the cell
the cellthe cell
the cellmsarwa
 
IB Biology 1.2 Slides: Ultrastructure of Cells
IB Biology 1.2 Slides: Ultrastructure of CellsIB Biology 1.2 Slides: Ultrastructure of Cells
IB Biology 1.2 Slides: Ultrastructure of CellsJacob Cedarbaum
 
AP Biology-Ch.6 A Tour of the Cell
AP Biology-Ch.6 A Tour of the CellAP Biology-Ch.6 A Tour of the Cell
AP Biology-Ch.6 A Tour of the Cellsciencewithsuresh
 
Cell and Cellular Process - The Unit of Life
Cell and Cellular Process - The Unit of LifeCell and Cellular Process - The Unit of Life
Cell and Cellular Process - The Unit of LifeEneutron
 
Lecture 1 cell
Lecture 1 cellLecture 1 cell
Lecture 1 cellTaw Alzu
 
Power pt on cell structure
Power pt on cell structurePower pt on cell structure
Power pt on cell structuredicabelle_100
 
07 lecture BIOL 1010-30 Gillette College
07 lecture BIOL 1010-30 Gillette College07 lecture BIOL 1010-30 Gillette College
07 lecture BIOL 1010-30 Gillette Collegedeskam2
 
Cell membrane model fall 2015
Cell membrane model fall 2015Cell membrane model fall 2015
Cell membrane model fall 2015Lorraine Stratton
 
the cell cycle
the cell cyclethe cell cycle
the cell cyclemsarwa
 
Ch 7: Membrane Structure and Function
Ch 7: Membrane Structure and Function Ch 7: Membrane Structure and Function
Ch 7: Membrane Structure and Function veneethmathew
 
IB Biology 1.5 Slides: Origins of Cells
IB Biology 1.5 Slides: Origins of CellsIB Biology 1.5 Slides: Origins of Cells
IB Biology 1.5 Slides: Origins of CellsJacob Cedarbaum
 
IB Biology Topic 1.3 - Cell Membrane Structure
IB Biology Topic 1.3 - Cell Membrane StructureIB Biology Topic 1.3 - Cell Membrane Structure
IB Biology Topic 1.3 - Cell Membrane StructureEran Earland
 

Tendances (19)

A Tour of The Cell
A Tour of The CellA Tour of The Cell
A Tour of The Cell
 
the cell
the cellthe cell
the cell
 
Cells Bio 116
Cells Bio 116Cells Bio 116
Cells Bio 116
 
IB Biology 1.2 Slides: Ultrastructure of Cells
IB Biology 1.2 Slides: Ultrastructure of CellsIB Biology 1.2 Slides: Ultrastructure of Cells
IB Biology 1.2 Slides: Ultrastructure of Cells
 
AP Biology-Ch.6 A Tour of the Cell
AP Biology-Ch.6 A Tour of the CellAP Biology-Ch.6 A Tour of the Cell
AP Biology-Ch.6 A Tour of the Cell
 
Cell Biology Introduction
Cell Biology IntroductionCell Biology Introduction
Cell Biology Introduction
 
Cell and Cellular Process - The Unit of Life
Cell and Cellular Process - The Unit of LifeCell and Cellular Process - The Unit of Life
Cell and Cellular Process - The Unit of Life
 
Cell and functions unit 1 mine
Cell and functions unit 1 mineCell and functions unit 1 mine
Cell and functions unit 1 mine
 
Lecture 1 cell
Lecture 1 cellLecture 1 cell
Lecture 1 cell
 
1.2 Notes
1.2 Notes1.2 Notes
1.2 Notes
 
Tour of the cell
Tour of the cellTour of the cell
Tour of the cell
 
Tour of Cell
Tour of CellTour of Cell
Tour of Cell
 
Power pt on cell structure
Power pt on cell structurePower pt on cell structure
Power pt on cell structure
 
07 lecture BIOL 1010-30 Gillette College
07 lecture BIOL 1010-30 Gillette College07 lecture BIOL 1010-30 Gillette College
07 lecture BIOL 1010-30 Gillette College
 
Cell membrane model fall 2015
Cell membrane model fall 2015Cell membrane model fall 2015
Cell membrane model fall 2015
 
the cell cycle
the cell cyclethe cell cycle
the cell cycle
 
Ch 7: Membrane Structure and Function
Ch 7: Membrane Structure and Function Ch 7: Membrane Structure and Function
Ch 7: Membrane Structure and Function
 
IB Biology 1.5 Slides: Origins of Cells
IB Biology 1.5 Slides: Origins of CellsIB Biology 1.5 Slides: Origins of Cells
IB Biology 1.5 Slides: Origins of Cells
 
IB Biology Topic 1.3 - Cell Membrane Structure
IB Biology Topic 1.3 - Cell Membrane StructureIB Biology Topic 1.3 - Cell Membrane Structure
IB Biology Topic 1.3 - Cell Membrane Structure
 

Similaire à Chapter4 sections+1 7

Cell - Fundemental Unit of Life - MBBS.pptx
Cell - Fundemental Unit of Life  - MBBS.pptxCell - Fundemental Unit of Life  - MBBS.pptx
Cell - Fundemental Unit of Life - MBBS.pptxMathew Joseph
 
BIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture Part One Cel.docx
BIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture  Part One Cel.docxBIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture  Part One Cel.docx
BIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture Part One Cel.docxtangyechloe
 
Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cellsProkaryotic vs eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cellsAliAqsamAbbasi
 
cell_organelles.ppt
cell_organelles.pptcell_organelles.ppt
cell_organelles.pptbreenaawan
 
Cell structure revised
Cell structure revisedCell structure revised
Cell structure revisedstavifanie
 
Cell features
Cell featuresCell features
Cell featurespcalabri
 
Lecture 1 Introduction to Cell Structure and Composition.pdf
Lecture 1 Introduction to Cell Structure and Composition.pdfLecture 1 Introduction to Cell Structure and Composition.pdf
Lecture 1 Introduction to Cell Structure and Composition.pdfotienowhitney445
 
CELL STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT.pptx
CELL STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT.pptxCELL STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT.pptx
CELL STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT.pptxKavithaAnandhan2
 
plantanimalcells-160729085355.pptx
plantanimalcells-160729085355.pptxplantanimalcells-160729085355.pptx
plantanimalcells-160729085355.pptxMaryGraceAmada1
 
Plant and Animal Cells
Plant and Animal CellsPlant and Animal Cells
Plant and Animal CellsMary Jane Hugo
 
3._Cell_structure_and_function.pdf
3._Cell_structure_and_function.pdf3._Cell_structure_and_function.pdf
3._Cell_structure_and_function.pdfLakshmiKesari2
 
06atourofthecell 130311053323-phpapp01
06atourofthecell 130311053323-phpapp0106atourofthecell 130311053323-phpapp01
06atourofthecell 130311053323-phpapp01Cleophas Rwemera
 

Similaire à Chapter4 sections+1 7 (20)

Anat Cells
Anat CellsAnat Cells
Anat Cells
 
Cell - Fundemental Unit of Life - MBBS.pptx
Cell - Fundemental Unit of Life  - MBBS.pptxCell - Fundemental Unit of Life  - MBBS.pptx
Cell - Fundemental Unit of Life - MBBS.pptx
 
The cell
The cellThe cell
The cell
 
The cell part 1
The cell part 1The cell part 1
The cell part 1
 
BIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture Part One Cel.docx
BIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture  Part One Cel.docxBIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture  Part One Cel.docx
BIO120Concepts of BiologyUnit 2 Lecture Part One Cel.docx
 
Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cellsProkaryotic vs eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells
 
cell_organelles.ppt
cell_organelles.pptcell_organelles.ppt
cell_organelles.ppt
 
Cell structure revised
Cell structure revisedCell structure revised
Cell structure revised
 
Explain Why A Cell Is Like A City
Explain Why A Cell Is Like A CityExplain Why A Cell Is Like A City
Explain Why A Cell Is Like A City
 
Cell
CellCell
Cell
 
Cell features
Cell featuresCell features
Cell features
 
Lecture 1 Introduction to Cell Structure and Composition.pdf
Lecture 1 Introduction to Cell Structure and Composition.pdfLecture 1 Introduction to Cell Structure and Composition.pdf
Lecture 1 Introduction to Cell Structure and Composition.pdf
 
CELL STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT.pptx
CELL STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT.pptxCELL STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT.pptx
CELL STRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT.pptx
 
CELL COMPONENTS
CELL COMPONENTSCELL COMPONENTS
CELL COMPONENTS
 
plantanimalcells-160729085355.pptx
plantanimalcells-160729085355.pptxplantanimalcells-160729085355.pptx
plantanimalcells-160729085355.pptx
 
Plant and Animal Cells
Plant and Animal CellsPlant and Animal Cells
Plant and Animal Cells
 
3._Cell_structure_and_function.pdf
3._Cell_structure_and_function.pdf3._Cell_structure_and_function.pdf
3._Cell_structure_and_function.pdf
 
06 cell text
06  cell text06  cell text
06 cell text
 
06atourofthecell 130311053323-phpapp01
06atourofthecell 130311053323-phpapp0106atourofthecell 130311053323-phpapp01
06atourofthecell 130311053323-phpapp01
 
Biology cell structure function
Biology cell structure functionBiology cell structure function
Biology cell structure function
 

Dernier

OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureEric D. Schabell
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfDaniel Santiago Silva Capera
 
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarAI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarPrecisely
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1DianaGray10
 
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UbiTrack UK
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAshyamraj55
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...Aggregage
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLRuncy Oommen
 
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Brian Pichman
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopBachir Benyammi
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELiveplex
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...DianaGray10
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024SkyPlanner
 
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.YounusS2
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioChristian Posta
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdfPedro Manuel
 
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IES VE
 
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptxIntroduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptxMatsuo Lab
 
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Commit University
 

Dernier (20)

OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
 
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarAI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
 
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
 
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
Building Your Own AI Instance (TBLC AI )
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
 
201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
 
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
Basic Building Blocks of Internet of Things.
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
 
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
 
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptxIntroduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
Introduction to Matsuo Laboratory (ENG).pptx
 
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
 

Chapter4 sections+1 7

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Figure 4.1 E. coli O157:H7 bacteria ( red ) clustering on intestinal cells of a small child. This type of bacteria can cause a serious intestinal illness in people who eat foods contaminated with it.
  2. Figure 4.2 Examples of cells. Each one of the cells pictured here is an individual organism; all are protists
  3. Figure 4.3 Overview of the general organization of bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Archaeans are similar to bacteria in overall structure. The three examples are not drawn to the same scale.
  4. Figure 4.3 Overview of the general organization of bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Archaeans are similar to bacteria in overall structure. The three examples are not drawn to the same scale.
  5. Figure 4.3 Overview of the general organization of bacteria and eukaryotic cells. Archaeans are similar to bacteria in overall structure. The three examples are not drawn to the same scale.
  6. Figure 4.4 Three examples of the surface-to-volume ratio. This physical relationship between increases in volume and surface area constrains cell size and shape.
  7. Figure 4.5 Examples of microscopes. A) A compound light microscope. B) A transmission electron microscope (TEM).
  8. Figure 4.5 Examples of microscopes. A) A compound light microscope. B) A transmission electron microscope (TEM).
  9. Figure 4.6 Different microscopes reveal different characteristics of the same organism, a green alga ( Scenedesmus ).
  10. Figure 4.7 Relative sizes. Below , the diameter of most cells is in the range of 1 to 100 micrometers. Right , converting among units of length; also see Units of Measure, Appendix IX.
  11. Figure 4.9 At its most basic, a cell is a lipid bilayer bubble filled with fluid.
  12. Figure 4.8 Cell membrane structure. A Organization of phospholipids in cell membranes. B–E Examples of common membrane proteins.
  13. Figure 4.8 Cell membrane structure. A Organization of phospholipids in cell membranes. B–E Examples of common membrane proteins.
  14. Figure 4.10 A sampling of bacteria ( this page ) and archaeans
  15. Figure 4.10 A sampling of bacteria ( this page ) and archaeans
  16. Figure 4.11 Generalized body plan of a bacterium or archaean.
  17. Figure 4.12 A biofilm. A single species of bacteria, Bacillus subtilis , formed this biofilm. Note the distinct “neighborhoods.”
  18. Figure 4.13 Transmission electron micrographs of eukaryotic cells. A Human white blood cell. B Photosynthetic cell from a blade of timothy grass.
  19. Figure 4.14 The cell nucleus. TEM at right , nucleus of a mouse pancreas cell.
  20. Figure 4.15 Nuclear pores. Each is an organized cluster of membrane proteins that selectively allows substances to cross the nuclear membrane.