This document provides an overview and case scenario for an educational psychology course focusing on problem-based learning. It introduces the main characters of 11-year-old Andy, his family, and his teacher Ms. Wong. It then discusses several theories related to motivation, self-efficacy, social support, and learning including the works of Erikson, Pavlov, Bandura, Vygotsky, and Maslow. The document suggests applying principles like modeling, social persuasion, and addressing different levels of needs to support student learning and motivation. It also includes short reflections from two students on learning from others and the importance of a teacher in student development.

1. DED 100 Educational Psychology I: Problem Based Learning Case Scenario 1 (11 yr old Andy)

2. Azizah (2) Jasmin (5) Krish (9) Chor Bin (11) Peining (13) Xue Bing (25)

3. Characters Andy (11 yrs old) Dad (blue-collar worker) Mum (Home-maker) Sister (7 yrs old)

4. Characters Ms Wong (Science Teacher) Bee Chu (Classmate) Ahmad (Classmate)

5. overview "Factors leading to meaningful and successful learning involves motivation, self-efficacy and support" Failure drains confidence out of students and hampers their Learning progress Without motivation as the fuel for learning, students learning capacity/performance will be negatively affected Social support, just like ammunition for battles, is essential for successful learning

6. "Factors leading to meaningful and successful learning involves motivation, self-efficacy and support" Problem statement

7. Failure drains confidence out of students and hampers their Learning progress

9. Classical Conditioning – a type of associative learning Ivan Pavlov (Sep 14, 1849 – Feb 27, 1936) Conduct famous psychological experiment on stimulus response (1927) DOG – BELL – MEAT , student – subject – results

10. Originated from Chinese dictionary of idioms (《汉语成语大词典》) Failure – committing of mistake, rather than Poor achievement Success – chance for future excellence

11. Famous failures

13. Believer of shaping Failure, rather Than allowing failure to shape himself Sees failure as separate entity, An event – not a person or an Associative trait One can’t have success without failure - Never give up and never stop trying

14. suggestion Probe Analysis what went wrong (Ask yourself questions) Approach Opinions Seek advise/help (ranging g from words of advise to actions) Believe Be optimistic, look on bright side (whether glass is half full or empty is up to each individual’s take) Strive Persevere instead of giving up (Combat challenge with renewed enthusiasm)

15. Application P, O, S, B Higher level challenges (approach put into test – students better equipped , compared to being thrown into deep end of pool immediately) P, O Guided analysis (prompt/encourage raising of questions and clarification s, help them identify potential pitfalls) S, B Laying bricks for foundation (quizzes, open book tests, etc. – level of difficult structured to student’s self efficacy needs)

16. Social support, just like ammunition for battles, is essential for successful learning

20. Schunk and Hanson’s experiment second group observed other grade 2 students performing the same subtraction procedures One group of students observed a subtraction demonstration by a teacher participated in an instructional program on subtraction students who observed peer models scored higher on a subtraction post-test and also reported greater confidence in their subtraction ability.

21. suggestion Parent Educators Peers Society Individual

22. Application

23. Without motivation as the fuel for learning, students learning capacity/performance will be negatively affected

24. Many learners are motivated only to "pass the test." Without a desire to learn on the part Of the student, retention is unlikely John Keller ARCS Model for Motivation

26. authority/power motivation (n-pow)

27. affiliation motivation (n-affil)Believe that achievement-motivated people are generally the ones who make things happen and get results They constantly seek improvements and ways of doing things better

28. Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow (Apr 1, 1908 – Jun 8, 1970) emphasized the importance of self-actualization (process of growing and developing as a person to achieve individual potential.

29. adapted hierarchy of needs in 1990 included Transcendence needs Abraham Maslow (Apr 1, 1908 – Jun 8, 1970) Self-Actualization needs - realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences.. Transcendence needs - helping others to achieve self actualization Maslow recognizes the human need for ethics, creativity, compassion and spirituality. Without this spiritual sense, we are simply animals or machines.

30. The old man and the children A group of children were playing, loud and noisy, in front of an old man’s house. The old man after a while couldn’t stand any more. He walked out and handed 25 cents to each child and said, “you guys made my place not so lonely any more. I feel much younger. Take these as my gratitude.” The children were very happy and came back the next day. Playing loud as usual. The old man came out and handed each of them 15 cents. He explained, “I don’t Have much income.15 cents are not bad at all.” The children were satisfied and left. The next day, he only gave them 5 cents each. The children were upset, “Only 5 cents?! Have You no idea how hard we were playing for you!” Then they swore they were never going to play for the old man again.

32. he may never be able to like math Intrinsically if the perception that it is a Tough chore remains

36. shield against danger

38. endangerment of lifeconceptualization

41. reflection Xue Bing The students like a garden, the teacher like a gardener. To make garden more and more beautiful. The gardener must put in a lot of effort, such as giving water, fertilizer and sunshine. The theories I have learned in the class can mould me into a more knowledgeable teacher

43. IT does not involve just student + educator

44. Other learners and family members play important roles as well in each individual’s learningChor Bin