2. Citation metrics
• h-index (Hirsch, 2005)
– An author’s number of articles (h) that have received at
least h citations
– a researcher with an h-index of 10 has published 10
articles that have each been cited at least 10 times
• g-index (Egghe, 2006)
– The highest number (g) of papers that together received g2
or more citations
– a researcher with a g-index of 10 has published 10 papers
that together have been cited at least 100 times
4. Author: Smith, J
Has written and published 9 articles (a-i), which
have been cited as follows:
a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3
“no. of articles (n) that have received at least n
citations”
5. Author: Smith, J
Has written and published 9 articles (a-i), which
have been cited as follows:
a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3
H-index: 3 (at least 3 References with 3 or more
citations)
“no. of articles (n) that have received at least n
citations”
6. Author: Smith, J
Has written and published 9 articles (a-i), which
have been cited as follows:
a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3
H-index: 3 (at least 3 References with 3 or more
citations)
“no. of articles (n) that have received at least n
citations”
7. Author: Smith, J
Has written and published 9 articles (a-i), which
have been cited as follows:
a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3
H-index: not 4 (only 3 References have 4 or more
citations)
“no. of articles (n) that have received at least n
citations”
9. Author: Smith, J
Has written and published 9 articles (a-i), which
have been cited as follows:
a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3
“The highest number (g) of papers that together
received g2 or more citations”
10. Author: Smith, J
Has written and published 9 articles (a-i), which
have been cited as follows:
a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3
G-index: 5 (5x5 =25… top 5 cited articles= 31)
“The highest number (g) of papers that together
received g2 or more citations”
11. Author: Smith, J
Has written and published 9 articles (a-i), which
have been cited as follows:
a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3
G-index: not 5 (6x6 =36… top 5 cited articles= 34)
“The highest number (g) of papers that together
received g2 or more citations”
12. Web of Science
• Track citations to your publications
– Check who is citing your publications. Graph your
citations over time. Compute citation metrics.
• View publications by colleagues
– Keep up with their work. See their citation metrics.
• Appear in Google Scholar search results
– Create a public profile using ResearcherID that you
can link to from a profile page, online cv, email
signature or social media account.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17. This author has 41 articles which have been cited
at least 41 times each.
18. This author has 41 articles (which are indexed on
Web of Science) which have been cited at least 41
times each (on Web of Science)
19. Google Scholar
• Track citations to your publications
– Check who is citing your publications. Graph your
citations over time. Compute citation metrics.
• View publications by colleagues
– Keep up with their work. See their citation metrics.
• Appear in Google Scholar search results
– Create a public profile that can appear in Google
Scholar when someone searches for your name.
20.
21.
22. The same author has 46 articles which have been
cited at least 46 times each.
23. The same author has 46 articles (which are indexed on
Google Scholar) which have been cited at least 46
times each (on Google Scholar)
24. Issues
• Author identification
• Register on ResearcherID - eg Dr Dan Smith
• Citation cultures vary across disciplines and are
not comparable
• Publication cultures vary too
• Research careers have different stages
• Impact does not always = excellence
• Scholarly communication evolving is evolving
beyond just citations in peer-reviewed articles
25. Image Credits
[Slide 25] Via Flickr Creative Commons, by geishaboy500. Original at
http://www.flickr.com/photos/49503154413@N01/2326873674
Explain more complex means of measuring citation than just counting numbers:both different ways of looking at consistency – obv penalises newer researchersThat is why citation report for journal in a specific year is good so you can compare like with likeBoth indexes and others calculable using Google Scholar data via ‘Publish or Perish’ software – free to download. Search for any name and select a subset of publications.
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
CHANCE FOR INTERACTION – ASK SOMEONE TO WORK OUT WHAT THE H-INDEX OF THIS AUTHOR IS.Smith , J articles /citations : (a:3, b:6, c:6, d:2, e:13, f:3, g:0, h:1, i:3)H-index = 3 - Not 6 (only 3 articles authored have 6 citations (or more). 6 articles have 3 or more citations, so h-index = 3. If article a, which currently has 3 citations was cited once more (so having 4 citations) would then have an h-index of 4 (as articles a, b, c and e have 4 or more citations)G-index = 5 - 5 because top 5 cited articles have received (13+6+6+3+3 =) 31 citations, which is greater than 5 squared. - Not 6 because top cited 6 articles total only (13+6+6+3+3+3 =) 34. Would need to be at least 36 (6 squared) to give a g-index of 6)
Benefits – small time frame so stops bias towards older journalsBias to those which publish a lot of review articles as they are more likely to widely citedBias towards Eur and North American – remember only journals in this database and there are few LOTE (languages other than English) in here
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Benefits – small time frame so stops bias towards older journalsBias to those which publish a lot of review articles as they are more likely to widely citedBias towards Eur and North American – remember only journals in this database and there are few LOTE (languages other than English) in here
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
Mention Publish or Perish software at this pointhttp://www.harzing.com/pop.htm
http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/ J Cell Biol. 2007 December 17; 179(6): 1091–1092. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200711140Altmetrics:“Unlike the JIF, altmetrics reflect the impact of the article itself, not its venue. Unlike citation metrics, altmetrics will track impact outside the academy, impact of influential but uncited work, and impact from sources that aren’t peer-reviewed.“http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/