1. Richard Boyce, University of Pittsburgh
Department of Biomedical Informatics

2. Product labeling
Scientific literature
A framework for representing PDDI
assertions and evidence as interoperable
Linked Data available for community
annotation
Pharmacoepidemiology
studies
Semantic
annotation
High priority PDDIs
for research
Semantic annotation
Reduced risk of a
PDDI medication
error!
Clinical experience
Better synthesis of PDDI evidence, easier
identification of gaps
Expected benefits:
• More complete and accurate PDDI evidence
• Better informed pharmacists and other
clinicians
• More effective PDDI alerting and decisions
support systems

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– http://dbmi-icode-01.dbmi.pitt.edu/linkedSPLs/
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4. PDDI information mashups
http://dbmi-icode-01.dbmi.pitt.edu/dikb-evidence/outfiles-poc-10252012/dikb-label-mashup-citalopram-001714c1-
a292-40be-bfbd-0ff67193ace6.html

5. http://www.openannotation.org/spec/core/

8. Drug Interaction Knowledge Base (DIKB) 
Open Data Anotation + Scientific Discourse
• See• >300 evidence sources
• >1500 links to ~1300
assertions
A production rule base for
inferring pharmacokinetic
PDDIs
DIKB: http://dbmi-icode-01.dbmi.pitt.edu/dikb/
Initial conversion (not ready for release):
http://swat-4-med-safety.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/analyses/dikb-open-annotation/

9. Work in progress…
A pipeline for the extraction PDDIs from SPLs and publishing
them as semantically annotated Linked Data

10. Potential for PDDI semantic annotation
dissemination
• As Linked Data, it automatically extends
– DrugBank, ChEBI, RxNorm, NDF-RT
• A user friendly knowledge base portal
– Currently testing Domeo: http://swan.mindinformatics.org/
– Enables community annotation and scientific discourse
• Other possibilities:
– The FDAs SPL indexing initiative
• Could guide future requirements for SPL submissions
• Complements our work on representing pharmacogenomics clinical
statements [18]

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