New Application Of Nanowires for Implantable Medical Devices

Nanowires Assemblies and Implantable Devices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Solution Growth of Nanowires assemblies on the surface of Bio-compatible implanted material replaces mechanical anchoring, is bio compatible, promotes tissue growth, reduces fluid leakage and tissue tearing and prevents infection. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Using Nanowires scaffolds for Implantable Devices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Problem Description ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bion Implant: Existing Mechanism for anchoring in tissue Is inadequate and results in high cost of surgery for removal. Surface is un-smooth and tissue binding is a problem Catheters that are threaded through the blood vessels. Anchored with hooks & wires .Leakage Infection Multiple surgery The way it is today ! Mechanical Anchoring Inadequate

Devices that can benefit from use of Nanowires ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Self assembled nano wires (scaffolds) can solve anchoring Biocompatibility and tissue binding simultaneously Bion Implant is used in many applications that can use Nanowires Nanowires Scaffolds has applications across platforms & addresses existing problems -Hooks have been replaced by Nanowires scaffolds -Pockets for anti-bacterial solutions -Promote tissue binding -Redistributes dissipation during charging

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Devices that can benefit from use of Nanowires Stent graft passed up over catheter wire and expanded to 'line' the AAA Catheter wire inserted into AAA through right groin artery Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)

Current Technique in EVSG Technology: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],EVSG models & force results, smooth, weak hooks and barbs, strong hooks and barbs (left to right) Devices that can benefit from use of Nanowires

Fabrication of TiO 2 Nanowires scaffolds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Nanowires can grow via a newly revealed upward downward co-growth route, and the scaffold was formed via a self-assembly of the Nanowires . Thus-formed scaffolds may mimic the nature’s extra cellular matrix and exhibit a good cellular compatibility, mechanical toughness, on-site drug release function, and structural robustness.

TiO 2 Nanowires Provide Antibacterial Effect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Oxidation Mechanism (Three bond Technical News)

Surface Roughness of TiO2 Scaffold Improves Biocompatibility and Reduce Leakage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],SEM images of unstimulated macrophages cultured on mechanically polished (above) and sand-blasted & acid etched (below) Ti surfaces. 500x magnification (Refai) Macrophage (of mouse) stretching its “arms” to engulf to potential pathogens (Wikipedia) Experiments with TiO2 surface roughness shows enhanced cell growth and size construability Mechanically polished Ti Sand-blasted & acid etched Ti

Nanowires/ Nanotubes : Sustained Drug Release ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Scaffold of Ti Nanotubes (Wenjun Dong) Nanowires on scaffold (Wenjun Dong) Nanotubes (Zhengrong Tian) TiO 2 Nanowire/tube Scaffolds (on the surface of implants) can be loaded simultaneously anesthetics and drug delivery

Optimal Scale for Nanostructures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Increased rat endothelial cell (RAEC) after 4 hour culture on different scale patterned Ti (Jing Lu). RAEC proliferation after 5 th day of culture on Ti patterns of (A) 750 nm (B) 2um (C) 5um (D) 75um (E) 100um (F) random nanostructures Ti surfaces (Jing Lu). ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Nanowires scaffold geometry can match to tissue or artery surface roughness

SUMMARY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Size of Nanowires Scaffold match to artery surface & Tissue Nanowires geometry : tissue growth (rough surface for many cells to grab ) Relative surface finish limits leakage at interface Nanowires are Anti-bacterial (photo-catalytic in UV) Relative size prevents bacteria from binding Nanowires Scaffolds can be used for drug delivery Replace mechanical anchoring

Stent and Nanowires Scaffold ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PIV setup PIV of Poiseuille Flow/Idealized health aorta

Framework for Proposed Endovascular Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],AAA flow field

References [1] “The BION devices: Inject able interfaces with peripheral nerves and muscles” GERALD E. LOEB, M.D., FRANCES J. R. RICHMOND, PH.D., AND LUCINDA L. BAKER, P.T., PH.D. Neurosurg Focus 20 (5):E2, 2006 [2] “ Mechanics of Bio-Materials: NEUROLOGICAL IMPLANTED STIMULATORS FOR CEREBELLAR, NEUROMUSCULAR, SPINAL CORD, PERIPHERAL NERVE FOR PAIN RELIEF, TEN, INTRACEREBRAL / SUBCORTICAL” ;Applications of Engineering Mechanics in Medicine, GED -- University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez; May 2005 [3] “Enhanced Functions of Vascular Cells on Nanostructured Ti for Improved Stent Applications” Saba Choudhary, Karen M. Haberstroh, Thomas J. Webster. Tissue Engineering. July 1, 2007, 13(7): 1421-1430. doi:10.1089/ten.2006.0376. [4] “Multifunctional Nanowires Bioscaffolds on Titanium”, Wenjun Dong,† Tierui Zhang,† Joshua Epstein Chem. Mater. 2007, 19, 4454-4459 [5] “Nanotextured implant materials: blending in, not fighting back”, Brown University, April 9, 2007 [6] “Improved endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation on patterned titanium surfaces with rationally designed, micrometer to nanometer features”, Jing Lu, et al. July 8, 2008 [ 7] “Titania Nanotubes: A Novel Platform for Drug-Eluting Coatings for Medical Implants?” Ketul C. Popat, et al. Small 2007, 3, No.11, 1878-1881. Doi:10.1002/sml.2000700412 [8] “Effect of titanium surface topography on macrophage activation and secretion of proin-flammatory cytokines and chemokines,” Ali Refai, et al. 7 June 2004 in Wiley Inter-Science. DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30075 [9] “Large Oriented Arrays and Continuous Films of TiO2-Based Nanotubes,” Zhengrong R. Tian, et al. JACS Communications. June 27, 2003. [ 10] “Titanium-Oxide Photo-catalyst,” Three bond Technical News. Tokyo, Japan: January 1, 2004. [11] “Evolution of Wall Shear Stress during Progressive enlargement of symmetric abdominal aortic aneurysm,” J. Fluid Mech. (2006), vol. 560, pp. 19–51. [12] “Endovascular AAA Exclusion: Will Stents With Hooks and Barbs Prevent Stent-Graft Migration?,” Journal of Endovascular Surgery: (1998) Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 310–317.

New Application Of Nanowires for Implantable Medical Devices

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