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THEORIZING RECURSION: A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY APPROACH Brian J. McNely Rhetoric and Writing Studies University of Texas at El Paso
Three Aims of Today’s Presentation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Recursion and Revision Research ,[object Object],Earlier Studies Contemporary Studies Overdetermined / Discrete Moment   Elided / Ignored
Emig and Faigley ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Writing is recursive…” ,[object Object],This an overly simplistic formulation of recursivity; it reduces and closes off the notion of recursion within RWS research, severely truncating its role. Recursion, as we’ll see, is not contained within the movement between steps of a process, but central to both human ontology and epistemology.
World’s Fastest Lit Review ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
}What is Recursion? ,[object Object],[object Object],Fractal self-similarity—Shaviro, S. (2003), Mandelbrot, B. (2004). Drawing Hands , M.C. Escher, 1948
 
Strange Loops <Video feedback loop> Hofstadter (2007) notes that “in the TV setup […] no  perception  takes place at any stage inside the loop. […] The TV loop is not a  strange  loop—it is just a feedback loop.” “ In any strange loop that gives rise to human [subjectivity] […] the level-shifting acts of perception, abstraction, and categorization are central, indispensible elements. It is the upward leap from  raw stimuli  to  symbols  that imbues a loop with ‘strangeness.’” Consciousness is a quintessentially strange loop. It is self-referential; it builds symbols and taxonomies.
Wittgenstein, L. (1999).  Philosophical Investigations.
Recursive Hermeneutics In order to see both duck and rabbit, we engage in a complex, though deceptively simple and seemingly instantaneous interpretive gesture; for lack of a better term, lets call this  recursive hermeneutics. Yet while this hermeneutic ability is essential to basic human pattern recognition, agency, and response, for my purposes here, I’m more interested in what comes  after   interpretation, how recursive hermeneutics is but one step in the formulation of   new knowledge .
Recursive  Heuristics Jeff Hawkins (2004) argues that “the brain doesn’t compute the answers to problems; it retrieves the answers from memory […] the entire cortex is a memory system.” Further, he states that “our brains use stored memories to constantly make predictions about everything we see, feel, and hear […] what we perceive is a combination of what we sense and of our brains’ memory-derived predictions.” Perhaps most importantly, Hawkins suggests that “prediction is not just  one  of the things your brain does. It is   the   primary  function of the neocortex, and the  foundation   of intelligence.”
Rhetorical Invention Maureen Daly Goggin (2004), in surveying the history of needlework and sampler making as a conflation of visual and verbal rhetorics, argues that “sampler making served as a form of rhetorical invention,” that “early samplers served as the  old  from which the  new  can be fashioned.” While she doesn’t reference ideas from cognitive science and recursion theory, she makes a crucial (but tacit) point: Recursion is the fuel of rhetorical invention.  By rearticulating the commonplace notion of recursion and highlighting its role in invention, we acknowledge the profound role that previous (often unconscious) knowledge plays in the production of new knowledge.
Epistemological Potential ,[object Object],[object Object],As Peter Moreville (2005) argues:  “what we find changes who we become.”
So What? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Theorizing Recursion: A Multi-disciplinary Approach

  • 1. THEORIZING RECURSION: A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY APPROACH Brian J. McNely Rhetoric and Writing Studies University of Texas at El Paso
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  • 9. Strange Loops <Video feedback loop> Hofstadter (2007) notes that “in the TV setup […] no perception takes place at any stage inside the loop. […] The TV loop is not a strange loop—it is just a feedback loop.” “ In any strange loop that gives rise to human [subjectivity] […] the level-shifting acts of perception, abstraction, and categorization are central, indispensible elements. It is the upward leap from raw stimuli to symbols that imbues a loop with ‘strangeness.’” Consciousness is a quintessentially strange loop. It is self-referential; it builds symbols and taxonomies.
  • 10. Wittgenstein, L. (1999). Philosophical Investigations.
  • 11. Recursive Hermeneutics In order to see both duck and rabbit, we engage in a complex, though deceptively simple and seemingly instantaneous interpretive gesture; for lack of a better term, lets call this recursive hermeneutics. Yet while this hermeneutic ability is essential to basic human pattern recognition, agency, and response, for my purposes here, I’m more interested in what comes after interpretation, how recursive hermeneutics is but one step in the formulation of new knowledge .
  • 12. Recursive Heuristics Jeff Hawkins (2004) argues that “the brain doesn’t compute the answers to problems; it retrieves the answers from memory […] the entire cortex is a memory system.” Further, he states that “our brains use stored memories to constantly make predictions about everything we see, feel, and hear […] what we perceive is a combination of what we sense and of our brains’ memory-derived predictions.” Perhaps most importantly, Hawkins suggests that “prediction is not just one of the things your brain does. It is the primary function of the neocortex, and the foundation of intelligence.”
  • 13. Rhetorical Invention Maureen Daly Goggin (2004), in surveying the history of needlework and sampler making as a conflation of visual and verbal rhetorics, argues that “sampler making served as a form of rhetorical invention,” that “early samplers served as the old from which the new can be fashioned.” While she doesn’t reference ideas from cognitive science and recursion theory, she makes a crucial (but tacit) point: Recursion is the fuel of rhetorical invention. By rearticulating the commonplace notion of recursion and highlighting its role in invention, we acknowledge the profound role that previous (often unconscious) knowledge plays in the production of new knowledge.
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